Applications of Artificial Intelligence Sidd Singal Pd 7 Mr.

Stansbury 3/27/12

Applications of Artificial Intelligence When many people, at least children, hear the words artificial intelligence, all that might come to their minds is video games. Artificial intelligence (AI) does happen to play a huge role in video games when trying to program different aspects in different parts of the game, especially when it comes to computer players in a game. In chess, for example, AI is needed for a computer player so that it knows what move it should use next in order to beat the human player. In more complex games such as Mario Kart, AI is needed for computer players so they know what the optimal path is they need to take and how to sensibly utilize all the power-ups they obtain so that they can earn 1 st place in the race. Without AI, games might not be able to be anywhere near what they are today, but what many of these people (children) dont realize is that AI is also vital for many other parts of society, apart from video games. AI affects fields such as hospitals, music, aviation, transportation; the applications of AI are endless. While the loss of video games might not have a huge effect on the lives of many people, the loss of these other applications can. One of the easier applications of AI to explain is transportation. People have been able to get around for centuries through the use of maps. However, theyve been forced to use their own intelligence to navigate their way through the printed out maps that connect different lines. They have had to attempt to find which route might be fastest for them. AI was able to completely change the way people got around, through the creation of the Global Positioning System (GPS). GPSs use AI by digitalizing all the lines on those maps and calculating a route the user can take so that he may reach the destination as quickly as possible. A GPS is able to take many things into account when trying to calculate the fastest route. Distance of the roads is one

of the more obvious aspects, but others include speed limits of the roads, the amount of stop lights, etc. GPSs these days even have a way with adjusting themselves with traffic jams in the route, and they can fix themselves accordingly. Many GPSs also have different settings that let them avoid toll roads, expressways, and others, and all of this has been made possible through the process of artificial intelligence. Some people surfing the internet are bound to experience artificial intelligence throughout their journey (probably without even knowing it). AI is often used by websites to give suggestions from one webpage to another. Pandora is a great example. A person to listening to a song that he likes will most likely want to listen to other songs that sound just like it. What Pandora does is takes the song or band that the user has selected to listen to and finds other types of music that is similar to it that the user will probably like. Even if Pandora selects a song that the user absolutely hates, the user gets the option of disliking that song, so that the future song selections made by Pandora reflects the features of the original song the user wanted to listen to, but not the features the user doesnt want to listen to in the songs that he dislikes. Pandora is obviously not the only internet website to utilize AI in this fashion; YouTube is another great example. A user watching a video might want to look at other similar videos after he is done watching that video, and YouTube is able to produce other related videos based on the titles of the videos and the tags the videos have. Depending on what videos you watch, YouTubes home page may automatically start off giving you recommendations on what videos to watch. Another good type of example of internet using AI is a popular search engine, such as Google. When a user searches something up on Google, that search is saved into a large database Google has. Google uses that database to make suggestions to the users while they try to search something up when they start typing in the box. Googles thoughts are that, most likely, the

user wont have to type in the whole thing he is looking for because it will already be suggested as soon as he starts to write down the first couple words. For example, if one were to start typing in What is in Googles search engine, it is most probably that this user is most likely to be trying to look up What is my ip or What is the cinnamon challenge. This suggestion system even stays up with current times. If a particular search was popular only within a past period, it is not likely to show up in current searches even if it had more overall views in our lifetime. Many different text-editing processors utilize artificial intelligence, with Microsoft Word being a great example. People, after developing typing skills over a period of time, eventually begin typing fast enough without looking at the keyboard, but even at that point, mistakes in typing are completely inevitable. Microsoft Word has been preloaded with different kinds of data that allows it to predict how different typos should be handled. It first looks for words that are typed incorrectly. Then it looks for words that are most similar to the mistyped word by looking at the spelling and maybe even looking at the proximity from keys on the keyboard to other keys. Phones are able to use this type of AI in a way that has made text messaging extremely easy. Older phones, which only had 09 buttons, were mapped out so that 1 could mean A, B, or C, 2 could mean D, E, or F, etc. If someone wanted to type Hello world they would have to go through typing 4433555[right button]555666[space]96667775553. Some people got extremely good at texting and finally got accustomed to this cumbersome method of texting. However, many other people were definitely not happy, and they created the T9 method of typing, which only requires pressing one button per letter, and the phone predicts which word the user is

trying to type based on the most commonly used words. Using T9, typing in Hello world doesnt take 26 presses anymore, it will only take 11 (43556[space]96753). With the numbers 43556 typed in, the only possible word that can be made is hello. With 96753, the only possible word that can be made is world. Taking a better example, typing in 843 can mean the user is trying to type the, tie, vie, vid, tid, or tgd (the first letters of each number), but the software knows that since the is more commonly used than all those other words, then it is probably what the user is trying to type in. Just because 0-9 keypads like these have primarily become a thing of the past after the boom of smartphones doesnt mean that typing has stopped using AI. Many different touch keyboards on phones function the same way Microsoft Word does in terms of spelling corrections. Some Android phones also utilize a software feature called Swype. Swype, instead of making the user individually press each button to type, lets the user swype (or swipe as Microsoft Word is suggesting right now) their finger across the finger for every word they have to write. If they want to type juggle, they can swype their finger from the j to the u to the g to the l to the e, all to improve the speed the user types at. Even though the user, who might be in a hurry, cant take his finger exactly over the right characters, he will at least be able to get his finger to the general area of the key, and the software will most likely be able to decode what he is trying to write. For example, ones fingers can exactly get on top of the keys kifod but the phone might be able to recognize that he is trying to type in juggle. Because of all these advancements in AI, texting has become easier and easier.

These past couple examples describe ways that AI can peoples wants fulfilled, but sometimes, people need AI. It has many serious applications, some that can even be life dependent. People at a hospital might try to use artificial intelligence. For example, the Food and Drug Administration wants to be able do different kinds of imaging such as x-ray breast imaging, computed tomography imaging of the colon and lung, etc. Artificial intelligence is used when looking at these images as the software is able to detect any peculiarities within the image. The analysis reports that come out of these scans of the images help confirm diagnoses doctors make when doing full clinical reviews of patients, since doctors cannot entirely depend on their own brain when they are trying to look over these own data. Some doctors even depends on these type of imaging tools as their primary source of data (as opposed to their own knowledge) because of the power of the artificial intelligence behind these systems. Many people would say that software that is able to accurately imitate an actual human mind would be considered good artificial intelligence. People have literally tried building systems that actually imitate a human being. One of the earlier examples is the The Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer Entity (ALICE), whose development began in 1995. It was a chat bot that could respond to different texts a user would input. Typing in My name is Sidd would make ALICE respond Hi there Sidd. This type of artificial intelligence uses natural language processing. ALICE was only an early model (which was actually based on an earlier model called ELIZA), but other developments have come out since then. Apple has added a new feature in their iPhones called Siri. Siri can process microphone commands (as opposed to text) and try to respond with something appropriate; it is just like ALICE, except better, since it can take more commands and it has the power to give you different information and links that a user might be looking for.

In conclusion, the applications of artificial intelligence are evidently endless. They can be used literally everywhere, and it is bound to be helpful in ways that is otherwise not possible. Who knows what else is next to come through the use of artificial intelligence. Maybe GPSs will start gaining some more functionality. Instead of telling the driver which turns to take, it might be able to sync up with the car and drive itself by looking at the traffic around it and the overall traffic patterns of its possible routes, so that cars will no longer even need a driver. Maybe different music websites and video websites will be able to predict music the user wants to listen to or the videos the user wants to watch based on what the user has been doing on the computer before then. Cellphones might introduce a newer way of text messaging that is beyond Swype, such as having to only look at the buttons instead of using fingers to indicate which buttons should be pressed. More and more doctors might want to develop better imaging tools. A universal imaging tool can be developed; it will be able to detect any kind of disease a person can possibly have, all with just one scan of the body. Also, someone may take ALICE or Siri to a whole new level: recreating an actual human. Of course, since this essay is about artificial intelligence, all the biological features are left out, so it would be a robot. In terms of the brain, however, the robot will be able to not only respond to the human appropriately, but its reactions will also be reflected by his whole body movements. It will be able to understand commands and execute them.

Whatever they come up with next, however, will surely be another step forward toward any of this.

Works Cited

A. L. I. C. E. The Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer Entity. (n.d.). A. L. I. C. E. The Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer Entity. Retrieved March 25, 2012, from http://alice.pandorabots.com/ How Artificial Intelligence has changed our lives. | Pinggers. (n.d.). Pinggers. Retrieved March 25, 2012, from http://blog.pinggers.com/2011/02/watson-and-the-wayartificial-intelligence-has-changed-our-lives/ IEEE Xplore - Artificial intelligence in GPS navigation systems. (n.d.). IEEE Xplore - Home. Retrieved March 25, 2012, from http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=5608862 Paige. (n.d.). The Next Big Thing - Artificial Intelligence and the Human Mind | Youth Voices. Today's Featured Discussions | Youth Voices. Retrieved March 25, 2012, from http://youthvoices.net/discussion/next-big-thing-artificial-intelligence-andhuman-mind Research Project: Computer-Aided Diagnosis. (n.d.). U S Food and Drug Administration Home Page. Retrieved March 25, 2012, from http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ScienceandResearch/ucm248754.htm Swype | Type Fast, Swype Faster. (n.d.). Swype | Type Fast, Swype Faster. Retrieved March 25, 2012, from http://www.swype.com/