ST. PAUL UNIVERSITY DUMAGUETE COLLEGE OF NURSING S. Y.

2011-2012 ____________________________________________________________________________
Generic Name: Ferrous Sulfate Brand name: Classification: Hematinic Action: Provides elemental iron, an essential component in formation of haemoglobin. Dosage: Indication: Iron-deficiency Contraindication: In patients with primary hemochromatosis,hemosiderosis,haemolytic anemia,peptic ulcer disease,regional eneteritis or ulcerative colitis. Adverse Effects: Nausea, epigastric pain, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, back stools, anorexia, temporary staining of teeth (suspension drops). Nursing Consideration: Treatment for Iron toxicity; General supportive measures Maintain a patent airway, respiration, and circulation It may be necessary to treat for shock, acidosis, renal failure, and seizure ---------------------------------------------------------------Generic Name: Furosemide Brand Name: Lasix Classification: Electrolytic and Water Balance Agent; Loop Diuretic Actions: Inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption at the proximal tubules, distal tubules and ascending loop of Henley leading to excretion of water together with sodium, chloride and potassium. Diuretic, antihypertensive. Dosage: Indication: Treatment of edema, hypertension Contraindication: Hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas; anuria. Adverse Reaction: Orthostatic hypotension, thrombophlebitis, chronic aortitis, vertigo, headache, dizziness, paresthesia, restlessness, fever, photosensitivity, urticaria, pruritus, necritizing angitis, rash, increased perspiration,nausea, vomiting, oral and gastric irritation, cramping, constipation, and weakness. Nursing Considerations:

ST. PAUL UNIVERSITY DUMAGUETE COLLEGE OF NURSING S. Y. 2011-2012 ______________________________________________________________________________

Assess patients underlying condition before starting therapy. Monitor weight, peripheral edema, breath sounds, blood pressure, fluid intake and output, electrolytes: potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, glucose, uric acid, and BUN. Monitor for renal, cardiac, neurologic, GI, pulmonary manifestations of hypokalemia, acidic urine, reduced urine osmolality, nocturia, polyuria, polydipsia; hypotension, broad Twave, U-wave ectopy, tachycardia, weak pulse; muscle weakness, altered level of consciousness, drowsiness, apathy, lethargy, confusion, depression; anorexia, nausea, cramps, constipation, distention, paralytic ileus; hypoventilation, respiratory muscle weakness. Monitor for CNS, cardiovascular, integumentary, neurologic manifestations of hypocalcaemia, hypomagnesemia, agitation, hyponatremia, and hyperchloremia. Assess fluid volume status. Assess patient for tinnitus, hearing loss, ear pain, periodic testing of hearing is needed when high doses of this drug are given by IV route. Assess patients and familys knowledge of drug therapy.

---------------------------------------------------------------------Generic Name: Ciprofloxacin Brand Name: Ciloxan Classification: Antibacterial, Fluoroquinolone Indication: For the treatment of infection Dosage: Action: Bactericidal; interferes with DNA replication in susceptible bacteria preventing cell reproduction Side Effects and Adverse Reactions: Headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea Nursing Responsibilities: Arrange for culture and sensitivity tests before beginning therapy Continue therapy for 2 days after signs and symptoms of infection are gone Ensure that patient is well hydrated Encourage patient to complete full course of therapy

Generic Name: Essential Amino Acids

ST. PAUL UNIVERSITY DUMAGUETE COLLEGE OF NURSING S. Y. 2011-2012 ______________________________________________________________________________

Brand Name: Ketosteril Classification: Ketoanalogs; Essential Amino Acids Dosage: Action: Normalizes metabolic process, promotes recycling product exchange. Reduces ion concentration of potassium, magnesium and phosphate. Indications: Protein energy malnutrition Prevention and treatment of conditions caused by modified or insufficient protein metabolism in chronic renal failure Contraindications: Allergy and hypersensitivity to any content of this drug Hypercalcemia Disturbed amino acid metabolism Caution use for patietn with phenylketonuria Side Effects: Hypercalcemia may develop Nursing Interventions: Evaluate for any contraindications Take drug as prescribed Warn the patient about possible side effects and how to recognize them Give with food if GI upset occur Frequently assess for hypercalcemia ---------------------------------------------------------------------Generic name: Ranitidine Brand name: classification: Histamine receptors antagonist; Anti-Ulcers Indication: Dosage: Action: gastric Inhibits parietal histamine cells. It action at the histamine2 acid receptor of and Short term treatment of active duodenal ulcer Prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence

inhibits

gastric

secretions

reduces volume and hydrogen ion concentration of gastric juice. Adverse Reaction: Reversible hepatitis, blood dyscrasias, diarrhea, constipation, headache

ST. PAUL UNIVERSITY DUMAGUETE COLLEGE OF NURSING S. Y. 2011-2012 ______________________________________________________________________________

Contraindications: Hypersensitive to drug Nursing Considerations: Monitor serum AST, ALT levels. Give without regards to meals, best given after

meals or at bedtime. Do not administer within 1 hour of magnesium or aluminum containing antacid. ---------------------------------------------------------------------Generic Name: lansoprazole Brand Name: Classifications: Therapeutic: antiulcer agents Pharmacologic: proton pump inhibitors Indications: Erosive esophagitis Duodenal ulcers Active benign gastric ulcers Short term treatment of GERD Healing and risk reduction of NSAID-assiciated gastric ulcers Pathologic hypersecretory conditions

Dosage: Actions: Binds to an enzyme in the presence of acidic gastric pH,preventing the final transport of hydrogen ions into the gastric lumen. Therapeutic Effects: Diminished accumulation of acid in the gastric lumen, with lessened acid reflux Healing of duodenal ulcers and esophagitis Contraindications: hypersensitivity Adverse Reactions and Side Effects: CNS: dizziness, headache GI: diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea Derm: rash Nursing Considerations: Instruct patient to take medication as directed for the full course of therapy, even if feeling well.

ST. PAUL UNIVERSITY DUMAGUETE COLLEGE OF NURSING S. Y. 2011-2012 ______________________________________________________________________________

Advise pt to avoid alcohol, products containing aspirin or NSAIDs and foods that may cause an increase in GI irritation. May cause dizziness. Caution patient to avoid driving and other activities requires alertness. Advise pt to report onset of black tarry stools, diarrhea,

or abdominal pain to health care professionals. ---------------------------------------------------------------------Generic Name: Calcium Carbonate Brand Name: Caltrate Classification: Antacid; Electrolyte Dosage: Action: Essential element of the body; helps maintain the functional integrity of the nervous and muscular systems; helps maintain cardiac function, bld. coagulation; is an enzyme cofactor and affects the secretory activity of endocrine and exocrine glands; neutralizes or reduces gastric acidity Indications: Deitary supplement when calcium intake is inadequate Prevention of hypocalcemia during exchange transfusions Improves weak or ineffective myocardial contractions when epinephrine fails in Cardiac resuscitation, particularly after open heart surgery Prophylaxis of GI bleeding, stress ulcers, and aspiration pneumonia Contraindications: Allergy to calcium, renal calculi, hypercalcemia, ventricular fibrillation during cardiac resuscitation and patients with the risk of existing digitalis toxicity, renal impairement, pregnancy, and lactation Side Effects: CV: slowed heart rate, peripheral vasodilation, drop in BP Local: local irritation, severe necrosis, sloughing and abcess formation Metabolic: hypercalcemia, rebound hyperacidity, and milkalkali syndrome Nursing Interventions:

ST. PAUL UNIVERSITY DUMAGUETE COLLEGE OF NURSING S. Y. 2011-2012 ______________________________________________________________________________

Do not administer Oral drugs within 1-2 hrs of antacid administration Give calcium carbonate antacid 1 to 3 hrs. after meals and at bedtime ---------------------------------------------------------------------Generic Name: Sodium Bicarbonate Brand Name: Classification: Antacid; Electrolyte; Systemic Alkalinizer; Urinary Alkalinizer Action: Increases Plasma bicarbonate, buffers excess hydrogen ion concentration, raises blood pH, reverses the clinical manifestions of acidosis; increases the excretion of free base in the urine; effectively raising the urinary pH; neutralizes or reduces gastric acidity, resulting in an increase in the gastric pH, which inhibits the proteolytic activity of pepsin Dosage: Indications: Treatment of metabolic acidosis, with measures to control the cause of the acidosis Adjunctive treatment in severe diarrhea with accompanying loss of bicarbonate Minimization of uric acid crystalluria in gout, with uricosuric agents Contraindications: Contraindicated with allergy to components of preparations; low serum chloride, metabolic and respiratory alkalosis, hypocalcemia Side Effects: GI: Gastric Rupture following ingestion Hema: Systemic alkalosis, hypokalemia secondary to intracellular shifting of potassium, hypernatremia Nursing Interventions: Check serum potassium levels before IV administration Monitor arterial blood gases, and articulate base deficit when administering parenteral sodium bicarbon

ST. PAUL UNIVERSITY DUMAGUETE COLLEGE OF NURSING S. Y. 2011-2012 ______________________________________________________________________________