birth Prophet Muhammad was born in 570 c.e in Makkah , ..Prophet Muhammad was born as an orphan .

since his father ,Abdullah, died before his birth. Also when he was six years old , his mother , Amina bint Wahab ,died . leaving Muhammad as an orphan . his grandfather Abdulmuttalib ,the leader of Quraish , took care of him but he also died when the prophet was eight years old . the prophet's uncle ,Abu Talib , than took custody of him and became his guardian his uncle treated the prophet very well. he even took him to Syria on a trading journey when he was twelve years old . while in Syria ,a Christian monk called Bahira told Abu Talib that his nephew would be a prophet sent to all the people Death Two months after his return from makkah , prophet Muhammad became ill and died in the month of Rabi alawwal in the 11th year of the hijrah , at the age of sixty three may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him . the prophet was buried in the room of his wife , Aisha .

Youth Muhammad was never involved in any act of polytheism as were the makkans ..and he despised the idols and worship . Marriage when he was twenty - five , he took another trip to Syria . this time , it was a business trip for khadijah , a rich and noble woman she heard about his dependability and truthfulness . When he returned from Syria, Khadija sent a proposal of marriage to him and he agreed . She was forty years old , and He was twenty-five years .. emigration to madinah / with this atmosphere of persecution in Makkah , Allah ordered the prophet to emigrate to Madinah . the emigration to madinah ( Hijrah ) is considered a milestone in the history of Islam , and marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar . upon his arrival to madinah , he received support from the people and founded the first Islamic state where he spent the last ten years of his life .. The Farewell Hajj .. after the proclamation of the message and the establishment of a new society on the basis of islamic teachings , the prophet decided to make hajj in the tenth year of hijrah . there he delivered his farewell sermon emphasizing the unity of Allah and the coming of day of judgment . he also commanded the muslims to hold fast to the book of Allah and to his sunnah . the prophet declared all interest and usury to be null and void finally , he stressed that men should treat women well . he then asked the people to bear witness that he had presented the message to them and they all testified that he had done so . The Islamic state Less than two centuries after the prophet's death , Islam had spread throughout most of the world reaching china in the east and Spain in east . the Islam state became the greatest civilization in the history of mankind . the teaching of Islam were the

motivation for this amazingly rapid expansion of the Muslim faith . today , there are more than one billion Muslims in the world , most of whom live in forty six Muslim countries of Asia and Africa . The caliph is a person delegated to enforce islamic law under the sovereignty of Allah almighty within an Islamic state regarding the duty .. the four rightly guided caliph ran the affairs of the new Islamic state after the death of the prophet for about thirty years from 11 Hijrah to 40 Hijrah .
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Prophethood The prophet distaste for the makkan's idolatry and polytheism was well known . he chose to go outside makkah to a cave called the cave of hira to worship allah according to the way of Abraham , calld Hanifiyyah . when he was forty years old , he received his first revelation sent by allh through the angel Gabriel . after this incident , the Quran was revealed to the prophet at regular intervals over the next made the revelation necessary . during the first three years of this revelation , the propagation of Islam was conducted privately , but then Allh told prophet muhmmad to propagate Islam openly allah said then declare what you are commanded and turn away form the polytheists . the prophet continued to preach the Islamic religion in makkah for ten more years .. It was during the tenth year of this mission that prophet Muhammad was to experience many sorrows in this life . his uncle abu talib , died . this was followed soon after by the death of his loving wife khadijah . to add to this grief , the people of taif to whom he had journeyed to convey the message of Islam , mercilessly rejected him . it was in this devastating and difficult time that the prophet was to be given one of the greatest and most uplifting honors by allah . this was the miraculous night journey and ascension . on that special night , the messenger of allah was transported from the sacred mosque in Makkah to the distant mosque of Jerusalem on an animal called alburaq in the company of Gabriel . at this blessed site Muhammad was met an assembly of earlier prophet and led them in prayer .for there , Gabriel took him and they ascended through the seven heavens to witness the unseen mysteries of the universe and to see some of the greatest signs of Allah . it was during this night of supreme spiritual and bodily elevation that he received from Allah the command for the Muslims to perform the five daily prayers . on his return the next morning , after hearing about this miraculous journey , the disbelievers jeered and mocked at the prophet even more than before . they had called him a madman , a soothsayer , a poet and now a liar . thus , persecution increased and life grew unbearable for the messenger of allah and his companions in Makkah . Prophethood . The prophet distaste for the makkan's idolatry and polytheism was well known

he chose to go outside makkah to a cave called the cave of hira to worship allah according to the way of Abraham , . called Hanifiyyah

. when he was forty years old , he received his first revelation sent by allh through the angel Gabriel

the revelation necessary . during the first three years of this revelation , the propagation of Islam was conducted , privately

In madinah not only was Muhammad the prophet of Islam he was the ruler the judge and the commander of the army he led many battles against the polytheists and the Jews to stop their aggression and to protect the The

people of madinah in one particular incident prophet Muhammad agreed to a ten year peace treaty with the people of Makkah the treaty of hudaibiyah however they violated this treaty thus the prophet led an army to take control of Makkah the quraish realized the uselessness of resisting the prophet's forces and surrendered without fighting As a consequence of the prophet ,s considerate and tolerant behavior which was based on Islamic teachings many makkans embraced Islamic Subsequently he ordered that their idols be destroyed.

After the conquest of Makkah Muhammad returned to madinah where crowds of people embraced Islam Each Arabian tribe sent a delegation to madinah to be taught the principles of Islam by the prophet these delegations reverted to the religion on behalf of their tribes . in time , so many had become convinced of the truth of this religion that Islam began to spread and unite the inhabitants of the entire Arabian Peninsula regarding the effects of this Islamic call almubarakburi 1995:459 states the general atmosphere began to echo there is no deity worthy of worship but Allah the calls to prayer were heard five times day penetrating space and breaking the silence of the dead desert and bringing back life through the new belief Reciters and memorizers of the quran set out northwards and southwards reciting verses of the quran and carrying out Allah's commands never had the history of Arabia been so religious pious and brilliant as it had been during these particular days of its life