COMPUTER MOUSE MEASURES BLOOD PRESSURE

Bharathi.C.K#1, Shamala.N#2
Department of medical electronics, Sri Krishna Institute of Technology (VTU, Belgaum) #29,Hessarghatta main road, chikkabanavara post,Bangalore-560090

bharathi.mbk@gmail.com shamala_narayan@yahoo.co.in
Abstract--In experimental animals, as in humans, techniques for measuring blood pressure (BP) have improved considerably over the past decade. In this document, we present recommendations for measuring BP in experimental animals with the goal of helping investigators select optimal methods for BP monitoring in the research laboratory. CalHealth, an Irvine, CA company, has developed a computer mouse with a slide-out sphygmomanometer. The MDMouse is completely powered via its USB connection, and communicates with software installed on the computer to save regular readings for later analysis. Though initially it seems as a silly product idea, it may effectively increase testing compliance in people who spend a lot of time in front of the computer reading Medgadget I.INTRODUCTION

The pressure of the cuff against the finger inserted into the cuff opening is initially increased until arterial vessel pulsation is beyond cutoff (total occlusion or shutdown of the artery). The cuff pressure is then slowly decreased until the first detection of arterial vessel pulsation occurs (the first pumping of the heart also commonly known as Korotkoff Phase 1. The corresponding cuff pressure at this point will be substantially equal to systolic blood pressure which is the pressure when the heart is pumping. As cuff pressure continues to be decreased, arterial vessel pulsations will eventually become undetectable through the cuff because of the lack of adequate cuff pressure to sense those pulsations(commonly known as Korotkoff Phase V). The pressure of the cuff at this point will be substantially equal to diastolic blood pressure the pressure when the heart is at rest. The frequency of pulsations sensed between the systolic and diastolic pressures is measured and is substantially equal to the heartbeat rate or pulse rate of the individual. These two cuff pressures and the pulsation frequency are measured and captured by the MDMouse application software. The application software installed on the users PC then utilizes the digital data to create a display of the individuals

Blood pressure readings and pulse rate. The software also provides additional functions including recording the data and Graphically plotting data over a number of parameters such as three day averages. Communication of the data is also handled by the application so recently; I came across a very innovative biomedical project idea from a published U.S Patent Application. Yes, this project idea is related to measurement of blood pressure, the devices used to measure blood pressure are called Sphygmomanometer or Blood Pressure Meters. Have you ever thought of a blood pressure monitor thats housed in a computer mouse? Well, this is possible, it is no longer ambitious or research based, but practical today. A user just needs to push a finger into the cuff monitor, and can analyze his blood pressure on a PC/Laptop or send the readings to his doctor. This article apprises you about the details of this idea which can be useful for your biomedical project.
II.BACKGROUND

Hypertension is one of modern societys most insidious diseases. Though High Blood Pressure (BP) is one of the simplest problems, but it goes too commonly undetected in a large portion of the population. In the past few decades, with the advent of low-cost microprocessor chips, miniature digital electronics, and electromagnetic devices, the self-measurement of blood pressure by nonmedical personnel has become more readily available. Nevertheless, blood pressure sphygmomanometers are still too sophisticated for a large segment of the population. Even those who are entirely capable of operating such devices tend to put them away in drawers and other out of the way places where they often remain mostly forgotten and unused. It would be highly advantageous to the early detection of hypertension by having a BP sphygmomanometer at virtually every computer with a pressure cuff always immediately

adjacent to each such computer, would go a long way to serving such an advantageous function. Hypertension as it exists in the United States today can be described as follows:

Nearly 1 in 3 adults has hypertension Only 1/3 of the diagnosed patients have hypertension under control There are no reliable symptoms that indicate elevated blood pressure Heart failure is the leading cause of death Elevated blood pressure (hypertension) is a major risk factor for stroke and heart attack 75 million Americans have hypertension 70% of the individuals with hypertension are untreated Estimated direct and indirect cost of hypertension in 2006 was $63 billion

FIG1.BLOCK DIAGRAM

t, or hypertension, is the most common cardiovascular disease. Hypertension is manifest as elevated pressure within the central and peripheral arteries of the body. Mean arterial blood pressure is the product of systemic vascular resistance (the force the heart must overcome to pump blood into the peripheral circulation) and the amount of blood that the heart pumps each minute (cardiac output). Elevations of blood pressure result from elevations of cardiac output, systemic resistance, or both. Systolic blood pressure is further increased when arteries become stiffer, as with the "hardening" process called atherosclerosis. As you might expect, higher blood pressure is not good for the body. The pressure pushes hard against the artery walls, increasing the work of the heart to pump blood. Over time, the damage to artery walls facilitates the accumulation of plaque containing cholesterol which can lead to strokes when the arteries in the brain are affected and heart attacks when the coronary arteries are involved
III.DESIGN

For a computer optical mouse, there can be various design styles, for each case a hinged or slideable door or panel protects the cuff between measurements. A solenoid and extender arm are basically used for adjust and extend the cuff assembly. The air pump provides the pressurized air to selectively expand the air tube to forcefully grasp a finger protruding through cuff assembly. Pressure sensor senses the pressure at the air tube/finger surface interface and release valve releases air from air tube at a rate that is proportional to sensor oscillometric ally sensing the systolic and diastolic BP at the inserted finger. These components receive commands and provide pressure data to a computer through MCU and USB to UART Bridge and computers USB port. The sphygmomanometer cuff is configured for receiving a human finger in circumambient pressured engagement using controlled air pressure to vary the cuff/finger engagement pressure in a precise manner.
IV.CONSTRUCTION

The following are the components required to implement this prototype:

A Computer optical mouse A Solenoid An Extender arm A Motorized air pump A Pressure sensor A Release valve An inflatable air tube

They are all combined within a conventional computer mouse controller, which is one of the most Commonly available devices of the modern world and forms sphygmomanometer cuff assembly.

then interpreted by the software and displayed for the user. The software can also store data from previous tests and present the user with graphs for onward email transmission to medical personnel. National Instruments LABVIEW is the best software, which is not only easy to use but also serves as phenomenal testing tool with data acquisition and signal processing features. It can give timely representation of BP and pulse rate, have successfully implemented this device and has named it MD Mouse

FIG2.MDMOUSE There can be three possible cases described in the patent to diagrams in the patent): 1) First case include a cuff positioned within the mouse structure and is extended outside the mouse housing during the measurement. 2) In second case, the cuff is external of the mouse structure and is easily connected to the mouse at special ports during the measurement. 3) In yet another embodiment, the cuff is always internal of the mouse structure and is readily accessible through an aperture in the housing surface of the mouse to permit the measurement to take place.
V.WORKING
FIG3.GRAPHICAL PLOT

IV.MD MOUSE

FIG4

The pressure on the finger is initially increased beyond cutoff and then slowly decreased until arterial vessel pulsation is detected. It is expected that the corresponding cuff pressure at this point will be substantially equal to systolic blood pressure which is the pressure when the heart is pumping. The decrease of pressure continues until the device no longer registers arterial pulsation where, the pressure of the cuff at this point will be substantially equal to diastolic blood pressure. Moreover, the frequency of pulsations sensed between the systolic and diastolic pressures is measured and will be substantially equal to the heartbeat rate or pulse rate which is also a parameter of some significance to be monitored. These two cuff pressures and the pulsation frequency are the measured parameter data of the process and corresponding digital data are sent to the computer to which the mouse controller is associated. The readings are

CalHealth has gone beyond the standard use of the oscillometric process by designing a system that uses a PC rather than a micro-chip, as is the case with other blood pressure monitors. Because the end-result of blood pressure monitoring using the oscillometric process is a

collection of data points, the more data that can be generated, the better the result. By using the PCs significantly greater compute power, CalHealth can generate many thousands of data points instead of the many hundreds that the typical BP monitor works with. The pressure of the cuff against the finger inserted into the cuff opening is initially increased until arterial vessel pulsation is beyond cutoff (total occlusion or shutdown of the artery).

For the most part are healthy but need to keep track of BP and glucose readings. This occurs a lot in the office as well. Many employers are looking for ways to keep their employees health.

Web-based Biometric Computer mouse Advisory system to Analyze a User's Emotions and work productivity.

VII.ADVANTAGES

The cuff pressure is then slowly decreased until the first detection of arterial vessel pulsation occurs (the first pumping of the heart also commonly known as Korotkoff Phase I). The corresponding cuff pressure at this point will be substantially equal to systolic blood pressure which is the pressure when the heart is pumping. As cuff pressure continues to be decreased, arterial vessel pulsations will eventually become undetectable through the cuff because of the lack of adequate cuff pressure to sense those pulsations (commonly known as Korotkoff Phase V). The pressure of the cuff at this point will be substantially equal to diastolic blood pressure the pressure when the heart is at rest. The frequency of pulsations sensed between the systolic and diastolic pressures is measured and is substantially equal to the heartbeat rate or pulse rate of the individual. These two cuff pressures and the pulsation frequency are measured and captured by the MDMouse applicationsoftware. The application software installed on the users PC then utilizes the digital data to create a display of the individual's blood pressure readings and pulse rate. The software also provides additional functions including recording the data and graphically plotting data over a number of parameters such as three day averages. Communication of the data is also handled by the application software, including sending emails to medical personnel or archiving data
VI.APPLICATIONS

Advantages incorporated into the devices will lead to an overall increase in compliance from patients.

The software application for the MDMouse system displays the blood pressure readings to the user and it also provides a means to maintain records and allow the user to access past readings at any time. It is not needed to use the stethoscope, as in the traditional measuring method, to monitor the Korotkov sound when deciding the systolic or diastolic pressure. Graphical plotting data over a number of parameters.

The moment you hear finger cuffs, the accuracy and reliability issues strike your mind.

The lap top market is much more robust and more mice are used there.

Computer

mouse measures blood pressure is the medical application.

Simultaneously mouse can work, to measure blood pressure as well to normal computer mouse no reassembling equipment is required.
VII.CONCLUSION

The biomedical device is a fully functional USB optical mouse with a sphygmomanometer payload. The blood pressure meter extends on a rotating arm out of the body of the mouse. The user inserts a finger, and an air pump expands an air bag inside the tube around the digit. A pressure sensor stops the pump when it detects that the right amount of pressure has been applied and the user sets the monitoring to start via the computer software.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

[5] www.Linxpress.com [ 6] Google chrome [7] Bing

Prior to begin to my paper, I would like to thank my lectures and HOD and friends for abundant advice, guidelines and suggestions. They helped me by keeping me on right track and constantly motivating me to do the very best that. I could possibly achieve. I could would like to express my gratitude to my dearest family for their support encouragement and optimum. They have always give me words of wisdom. I would like to thank my lectures for the guidance and advice thank you.
REFERENCES [1] CallHealth(Irvine,CA, USA;www.mdmouse.com) [2] https://digital.warwick.ac.uk/.../250-medgadge [3 ]www.hospimedia.com [4] www.gehealthcare.com