Appendix A:

Principal Parts of Certain Irregular Verbs

Present A arise awake B be bear beat become begin bend bet bid bind bite bleed blow break bring build burst buy C cast cast east was bore beat became began bent bet bid bound bit bled blew broke brought built burst bought been borne beaten become begun bent bet bid bound bitten bled blown broken brought built burst bought arose awoke arisen awakened Past Past Participle

Present catch choose come cost creep cut D deal dig do draw drink drive E eat F fall feed feel fight find flee fly forget forgive freeze fell fed felt ate dealt dug did drew drank drove

Past caught chose came cost crept cut

Past Participle caught chosen come cost crept cut

dealt dug done drawn drunk driven

eaten

fallen fed felt fought found fled flown forgotten forgiven frozen

fought found fled flew forgot forgave froze

Present G get give grind grow H hang have hear hide hit hold hurt K keep know L lay lead leave lend let lie light lose laid led left lent let lay lit lost kept knew hung had heard hid hit held hurt got gave

Past

Past Participle

gotten (got) given ground grown

ground grew

hung had heard hidden hit held hurt

kept known

laid led left lent let lain lit (lighted) lost

Present M make mean meet P pay put Q quit R read ride ring rise run S say see seek shake sell send set shed shine shoot said saw read rode rang rose ran quit paid put made

Past

Past Participle

made meant met

meant met

paid put

quit

read ridden rung risen run

said seen sought shaken sold sent set shed shone shot

sought shook sold sent set shed shone shot

Present show shrink shut sing sink sit sleep slide speak spend spin split spread spring stand steal stick sting strike string swear sweep swim swing T take teach took

Past showed shrank shut sang sank sat slept slid spoke spent spun split spread sprang stood stole stuck stung struck strung swore swept swam swung

Past Participle shown shrunk shut sung sunk sat slept slid spoken spent spun split spread sprung stood stolen stuck stung struck strung sworn swept swum swung

taken taught

taught

Present tear tell think throw U understand W wake wear weave weep wet win wind wring write tore told

Past

Past Participle torn told thought thrown

thought threw

understood

understood

woke (waked) wore wove wept wet won wound wrung wrote

woke (waked) worn woven wept wet won wound wrung written