English] Membedakan Gerund dan To Infinitive

Mar 12 Posted by fi

4 Votes Pertanyaan temanku : omigodz fiii..,aku masih bingung kapan gerund and to infinitife itu digunain?? Ato apa meski kita ngapalin verb-verb masing-masing? Bismillaahirrahmaanirrahiim. Assalaamualaykum.wrh.wbr. Pertanyaan yang sangat menarik dari temanku. Banyak orang (kadang termasuk aku juga, hehe) tidak mengerti kapan gerund kapan to infinitive dipake dalam bahasa Inggris. ^^v. Nah, kali ini kita coba buat mudah (sebisaku aja tapi, hehe) yang gampang aja, mari kita simak barengbareng.

GERUND Gerund adalah sebuah bentuk ing pada sebuah verb yang dibendakan (digunakan sebagai benda). Gerund ini penggunaannya seperti benda (noun). Fungsinya ada beberapa: 1. 2. 3. 4. Sebagai subjek. Eg : Writing is very much good. Sebagai objek yang mengikuti kata kerja. Eg: I like writing very much Sebagai objek yang mengikuti kata depan. Eg : Im interested in writing. Mengikuti kata go untuk verb-verb tertentu. Eg : Chris went swimming the day before yesterday. 5. Mengikuti expressions. Eg : She is lying on the bed watching TV. 6. Mengikuti prepositional object, seperti : to be used to, to be accustomed to, object to, look forward to, to take to, confess to. Eg : I object to doing that, Emile confess to stealing that cheese.

7. Membentuk noun phrase (frasa berupa kata benda). Eg : reading book, lying egg, boiling water, boring Dave, dll. INFINITIVES Infinitives adalah bentuk to yang ditambahkan pada kata kerja. Fungsinya: 1. 2. 3. 4. Sebagai subjek. Eg : To sing is hard for a person like me. Menerangkan tujuan. Eg : Simon comes here just to see you. (prikitiuw, wkwkwk) Untuk kalimat passive. Eg : I was told to be mature. Setelah objek pelaku. Eg : Brian asked me to listen to him closely. Christine get Theo not to run away from home.

PERBEDAAN GERUND DAN INFINITIVE Mengikuti verb tertentu yang berbeda

Verbs yang diikuti gerund: avoid, admit, appreciate, anticipate, continue, deny, detest, delay, enjoy, excuse, finish, forgive, fancy, keep, mind, postpone, prevent, risk, resist. Sedangkan, verb yang diikuti infinitive : ask, allow, advice, beg, decide, expect, hope, intend, invite, instruct, learn, mean, need, purpose, promise, permit, want, warn, would like, tell, teach, urge.

Dalam hal Prepositional Object: (To be) used to

Bila dalam infinitive, misalnya : I used to cry every night. Maka itu kebiasaan lama, si I sudah ga nangis tiap malam lagi. ^^ Sedangkan dalam gerund, misalnya : Im used to crying every night. Maka itu kebiasaan sampe sekarang, si I sampai sekarang masih suka nangis tiap malam. @.@

Perhatikan bahwa untuk gerund kita pake to be, sedangkan untuk infinitive tidak. Perbedaan Makna Ada kata kerja yang bisa diikuti ing (gerund) atau diawali to (infinitive) yang tidak berbeda makna (jadi bisa bebas kita gunakan). Yaitu : advise, begin, continue, dislike, hate, intend, like, love, prefer, propose, start. Namun ada kata yang bila digunakan dalam bentuk gerund akan berbeda makna dengan yang dalam bentuk infinitive, yaitu forget, remember, stop, regret. Contoh :

I forget cooking a bowl soup for you (si I lupa kalau dia sudah memasak sup untuk you) I forget to cook a bowl soup for you (si I lupa, dan belum memasak sup untuk you) The chef stops cooking (si chef berhenti masak) The chef stops to cook (si chef berhenti untuk memasak)

Naah.. Jadi sebenarnya untuk kapan kita menggunakan gerund, kapan infinitive itu tergantung kita, sih. Mau menyampaikan apa dan bagaimana. Yang penting kita paham saja. ^^ Semoga bermanfaat.^^b Perbedaan kata2 lainnya, kamu bisa baca serialku edisi pertama, kedua, dan ketiga. ^^
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Infinitive and Gerund

Exercises and Tests on Infinitive and Gerund There are certain words in English that are usually followed by an infinitive or gerund. If you are not sure whether to use the infinitive or gerund, check out our lists or look the words up in a dictionary.

Infinitive
Use

Certain words are followed by an infinite verb with or without to.

Use and Word Lists as the subject of a clause after certain expressions (without to) after certain verbs (without to) after certain verbs (with to) after certain verbs with interrogatives (infinitive constructions) after certain verbs with objects (without to) after certain verbs with objects (with to) after certain adjectives and their comparisons after nouns deriving from the verbs mentioned above Example To know you is to love you. Why not go to the cinema? I can swim. He wants to swim. They dont know how to swim. He made her swim. They wanted him to swim. Its easier to swim downstream. We made a promise to swim. (derived from the verb to promise)

Gerund
Form

ing form of the verb

Exceptions in Spelling

See Present Progressive Exceptions

Use

Certain words are followed by an Ing-Form.

Use and Word Lists as the subject of a clause Example Cycling is good for your health.

after certain adjectives after certain prepositions after certain verbs

Hes afraid of going by plane. Before going to bed he turned off the lights. I enjoy cooking.

after certain verbs with prepositions I am looking forward to seeing you again. after certain nouns We had problems finding our way back home.

Words followed either by Infinitive or Ing-Form

Use and Word Lists same meaning Example I started to read. / I started reading.

same meaning but different use She forbids us to talk. / She forbids talking. different meaning infinitive or present participle He stopped to smoke. / He stopped smoking. I saw him go up the stairs. / I saw him going up the stairs.

Exercises and Tests

Infinitive

Infinitive with / without to Exercise 2 Infinitive Constructions Exercise 2

Gerund

Gerund Form Gerund used as a subject

Infinitive / Gerund

Infinitive or Gerund Exercise 2 Infinitive or Gerund Exercise 2 Infinitive or Gerund Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Infinitiv and/or Ing-Form