ELECTRICITY: TRIAL EXAM QUESTIONS

7.1 CURRENT & ELECTRIC FIELDS 1. Melaka Mid year 09: Question 8 Diagram 8.1 shows an apparatus set up to observe a pattern of electric field.

(c)

Q, R and S are three set of apparatus to observe electric field. Type of Type of Type power electrode of supply liquid Dry cell Glass Olive rod oil Extra Metal Olive high oil tension Low Carbon Olive voltage oil supply

Set of apparatus Q R

Based on Table 8, state the suitable properties for the set of apparatus to observe the pattern of the electric field. (i) Type of power supply (a) (i) What is meant by electric field? ..................................................... [1 mark] (ii) In the space below, draw electric field pattern formed by the apparatus arangement on Diagram 8.1. [2 marks] .................................................... Reason .................................................... [2 marks] Type of electrodes ................................................... Reason .................................................... [2 marks] (d) Based on the answers in 8(c, which set of the apparatus is the most suitable to observe the electrid field? .......................................................... [1 mark] (e) State one reason why olive oil is used as liquid for the experiment. .......................................................... [1 mark] (ii) Number of electrons flow in 3 minutes. [1 mark]

(ii)

(b) A current of 0.2 A is let to flow for 3 minutes. Calculate (i) Quantity of charge carried by the current [2 marks]

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7.2 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CURRENT AND VOLTAGE 2. Question 1: MRSM 08 Diagram 1 shows an electric circuit which is used to investigate the relationship between electric current and potential difference across a conductor XY.

3. Qustion 2: Johor 09 Diagram 2.1 shows two constantan wire P and Q of the same length but of different cross-sectional area, being sectional used to carry out an experiment.

(a) What is the function of the nction voltmeter? ........................................................... [1 mark] (b) Underline the correct answer in the bracket to complete the sentence below. When the electric current increases, (i) The potential difference (increases, decreases, remain unchanged) [1 mark] (ii) The resistance will (increase, decrease, remain unchanged) [1 mark]

Initialy, the experiment is carried out with P placed acros XY. After that, P is replaced with Q and the experiment is repeated. The V-I graph in Diagram 2.2 I shows the results obtained from the experiment.

(a) Based on Diagram 2.1, compare the cross sectinal area of wires P and Q. ............................................................ [1 mark] (b) Based on Diagram 2.2: (i) State how the resistance of the constantant wire can be onstantant obtained. ................................................... [1 mark]

(c) State one physical quantity which is kept constant in the experiment. .......................................................... [1 mark]

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(ii) Determine the resistance of conductor Q. Show on your graph. [3 marks] 4. Question 4: Kelantan 09 Diagram 4.1 shows a circuit used to investigate the relationship between current and potential difference accross a constantants wire s.w.g 24 with length of 10 cm.

Based on graph in Diagram 4.2; (i) What is the physical quantity represented by the gradient of the graph? .................................................... ............................... [1 mark] Which of the constantan wire has the highest resistance? Why? .................................................... [1 mark] 5. Question 8: Kedah 08 (a) State Ohms law ............................................................ [1 mark] (b) Diagram 8.1 shows a graph of current, I, against potential difference, V, of a diode.

(ii)

(a) Name the measuring instruments labeled X and Y in Diagram 4.1 X = .................................. Y = .................................. [2 marks] (b) (i) What is the relationship between the reading of the measuring instruments X and Y? ........................................................ ........................... [1 mark] (ii) State the physics law involved in 4(b)(i) ...................................................... [1 mark] (c) The experiment is repeated by using a constantan wire s.w.g 36 with the same length. Diagram 4.2 shows the graph V against T for the experiment.
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(i) State whether the ohms law is obeyed by the diode. ........................................................... [1 mark] (ii) Give a reason why there is no current flowing through the diode when the potential difference is between 0 V and -2 V. ........................................................... .................................................... [1 mark] (iii) What is the resistance of the diode when the potential difference is 2 V? [2 marks]

(i) Match the graphs K, L and M to the circuits X, Y and Z. Circuit X Y Z Graph

[3 marks] (ii) Explain your answers in (c)(i). ......................................................... ........................................................ ................................................ [2 marks] (iii) Calculate the value of R. [2 marks]

(c) Identical light bulbs, each of ight resistance R are connected in three circuits as shown in Diagram 8.2.

7.3 SERIES AND PARALLEL CIRCUIT 6. Question 3: Kelantan 08 Diagram 3.1 shows a photograph of an electric circuit. The circuit contains four identical bulbs connected to four identical new dry cells.

The rheostat in each circuit is adjusted and the potential difference, V, against current, I, graphs are plotted for each circuit. The graph for each circuit i is shown in Diagram 8.3

Diagram 3.1 (a) What is the type of the circuit? ............................................................. [1 mark]

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(b) Draw an electric circuit diagram for the above arrangement of apparatus using appropriate symbols. [2 marks] (c) Compare the brightness of the lamps J, K, L and M. Tick () one box below. ....... The brightness of lamp J > lamp K > lamp L > lamp M ....... The brightness of lamp L > lamp K > lamp J > lamp M ....... The brightness of lamp J = lamp K = lamp L = lamp M [1 mark] (d) Give one reason for your answer in (c). ............................................................. [1 mark] (e) Explain why the circuit above is used in the house lighting circuit. ............................................................ [1 mark] 7. SBP 09: Question 8 Diagram 8.1 and Diagram 8.2 shows three identical filament bulbs marked 6V, 12W arranged in two different ways and connected to a battery 6 V .

(a) What is meant by 6V,12W ? ....................................................... [ 1 mark ] (b)State the type of circuit in Diagram 8.1 and 8.2 Diagram 8.1: .......................... Diagram 8.2: ........................... [ 2 marks ] (c) The bulbs in Diagram 8.2 are brighter than the bulbs in Diagram 8.1. Explain your answer . ...................................................... ...................................................... [ 2 marks ] (d)The resistance of each bulb in Diagram 8.1 and Diagram 8.2 is 4 . Determine the current flow in each bulb. Diagram 8.1:

(i) Diagram 8.2:

[ 4 marks ] (e)A student wants to design an incubator. Bulbs are used to heat up the incubator. (i) Between the circuit in Diagram 8.1 and in Diagram 8.2, which circuit is the most suitable to be used by the student to heat up the incubator. Diagram 8.1
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Diagram 8.2

................................................ [1 mark]

[ 1 mark ] (ii) Give two reasons for your answer in 8(e)(i). ................................................. ............................................. ................................................. [2 marks] (b) Compare the placement of the voltmeter in Figure 10.1(a) and Figure 10.2(a). Then compare the relationship between potential ip difference and current for both graphs. Explain the results shown in both graphs. Hence state the related physics law and concepts applicable in each situation.
[ 5 markah ]

7.4 ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE AND INTERNAL RESISTANCE 8. Figure 10.1 (a) and Figure 10.2 (a) show two circuits used to investigate the relationship between potential difference and electric current. Figure 10.1(b) and Figure 10.2(b) show the potential difference against electric current graph respectively for Figure 10.1(a) and Figure 10.2(b). V

7.5 ELECTRICAL ENERGY 9. Question 7: Kedah 09 Diagram 7 shows an electric motor iagram lifting a 2.0 kg load. When the motor is switched on, the load moved through a height of 1.5 m in 2.5 s with constant speed. The current flowing in the circuit is 1.7 A and the potential difference across the motor is 10.0 V. 10.

V
Figure 10.1(a)

0 Figure 10.1(b 10.1(b)

Rajah

(a) State the changes in energy that occure when the motor is switched on. ............................................................. [1 mark] (b) Calculate: (i) The electrical power supplied when the motor is lifting the load. [2 marks]

0 Figure 10.2(a) 0 Figure 10. 10.2(b)

(a) What is meant by electric current?

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[1 mark] (ii) The output power of the motor when the load moved throught a height of 1.5 m in 2.5 s. [2 marks] the efficiency of th eletric the motor. [2marks] (b) The electric iron is connected to a ) 240 V supply and used to iron clothes for 30 minutes. Calculate: (i) the current that passes through the heating element in the iron.

(iii)

[2 marks] (c) If some of the load is removed while the motor is still lifting the load, what change i observed on the ammeter? Explain your answer. .......................................................... .......................................................... .............................................. (d) Suggest one way to increase the efficiency of the motor. .......................................................... [2 mark] 10. Question 8: Johor 07 Diagram 8.1 shows an electric iron with specification of 240 V, 1000 W. [2 marks] (c) A student conducts an experiment to compare the heating effect of bread toasters P, Q and R. Two slices of bread is toasted each time. Table 8.1 shows the result of the experiment. Bread toaster Potential Current, difference, I/A V/v Time to toast 2 slices of bread, t/s 90 150 120 (ii) the cost of using the electric iron in 30 days, if the cost of electricity by Tenaga Nasional is Nasion 23 cents per kW h for first 200 units.

DIAGRAM 8.1

(a) What is meant by specification 240 V, 1000 W? .. ... .....

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P Q R

240 240 240

6.0 5.0 4.0

TABLE 8.1

(i) Calculate the energy supplied by each of bread toaster to toast the bread.

(ii)

the resistance of the heating elements in the kettle.

[4 marks] (ii) Using your answer in (c c)(i), state which bread toaster is most suitable. Give two reasons for your answer. ....... ........... ........................................................... [3 marks] 11. Question 8: Trengganu 08 Diagram 8.1 shows an electric kettle with specification of 240 V, 1.2 kW.

[2 marks]

(c) Four electric kettles W, X , Y and Z with specification 240 V, 2 kW are made from the materials with different characteristics. Table 8.1 shows the characteristics of the materials. The characteristics of the materials are used in the heating element in the kettle Boiling point / oC W X Y Z 3501 1085 3387 1064 Resistivity/ 10-8 m 13.5 5.2 12.4 4.63 Fuse 8A 10 A 10 A 8A

Kettle

(a) What is meant by the label 240V, 1.2 kW? ............................................................ [1 mark] (b) Calculate (i) the current flows through the electric kettle.

(i) Based on the characteristics of the heating elements in Table 8.1, suggest two electric kettles are suitable to heat water. Give the reason for your answer. ....................................................... ....................................... ....................................................... ...................................................... [3 marks]

[2 marks]

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(ii) Based on the fuse used in the Table 8.1 , suggest two electric kettles are suitable to heat water. Give the reason for your answer. ....................................................... ........................................................ [2 marks] (iii) Using your answer in (b)(i) and (b)(ii), suggest which electric kettle is the most suitable to heat water. Give the reason for your answer. ........................................................ ........................................................ [2 marks] 12. Melaka 09: Question 8 Diagram 8.1 shows an electric motor used to lift a load.

is 1.2 A and the reading of the voltmeter is 5.0 V. Calculate (i) Input energy to the motor [2 marks]

(ii)

Output energy of the motor.

[2 marks]

(c) Computer, air condition and water heater are common home electrical appliances. Table 8 shows the power rating and the time consumption for a day for these electrical appliances.

Appliance Power,P W Computer 200 Air condition Water heater 200 3 800

Time, t Hr 1 1

Voltage, V 240 240 240

Calculate energy consumption for each electrical appliances for one week. (i) Computer

(ii) (a) State the energy transformation when the switch is closed. (iii) .......................................................... [1 mark] (b) The mass of the load is 1.5 kg and is lifted to a height 1.5 m in 5.0 s. The reading of the ammeter
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Air condition

Water heater [5 marks]

(d) (i) Based on the answers in 8(c), which electrical appliance should be less time during save electricity campaign. .................................................... [1 mark] (ii) State one reason for the answer in 8(d)(i). ....................................................... [1 mark]

(a) State the energy transformations that take place in the dry cell. [1 mark] (b) Observe Figure 10.1 and Figure 10.2. Compare the arrangement of dry cells in the circuit, the voltage supplied and the reading of the ammeter. State the relationship between the energy transferred to flow the electric charges around the circuit and (i) the voltage supplied (ii) the current flowing around the circuit [5 marks] Explain why it is more dangerous to touch the live wire of a mains supply, rather than the neutral wire. [4 marks] Diagram 10.3 shows a cabin wiring consisting of a filament lamp, an air conditioner and an electric kettle. The electric supply enters the cabin via meter and fuse box.

ESSAY QUESTIONS: 13. SBP 07 Section B Figure 10.1(a) and Figure 10.1(b) show photographs of two electric circuits. Each circuit contains two identical new dry cells marked 1.5 V, a 2 ohm resistor and an ammeter. Figure 10.2(a) and Figure 10.2(b) show the reading of the ammeter for each circuit respectively.

(c)

(d)

Diagram 10.3 L Live wire N Neutral wire E Earth wire Using your knowledge on electricity and Diagram 10.3, suggest and explain suitable designs or ways to
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(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

make the cabin wiring more effective protect electric appliances from damage prevent electric shock increase energy efficiency [10 marks]

14. Trengganu 07:Section B Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show two identical resistors which has resistance R connected to the ammeters, voltmeters, switches and batteries with different ways.

(b) With reference to Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2, compare the type of circuit connections, the reading of ammeters, the reading of voltmeters and the effective resistance of the circuits. Relate the current flows in a circuit with the effective resistance to make a deduction regarding the relationship between type of a circuit connection and the effective resistance. [6 marks]

Diagram 10.1

(c) One identical resistor is connected parallel to the resistors in Diagram 10.2. Explain what happens to the reading of ammeter and voltmeter. [3 marks]

(d) Diagram 10.3 shows the lamps in a domestic lightning circuit are connected in parallel.

Diagram 10.2 When the switch is on, the ammeters and the voltmeters show a reading. (a) What is meant by current? [1 mark]

Diagram 10.3

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The circuit is not complete and not efficient for electrical energy consuming and less safety. Suggest modifications that need to be t done to the circuit to improve safety, produce the lamps lights up with normal brightness and to increases the efficiency of electrical energy consuming. [10 marks]

Calculate (i) the effective resistance, (ii) the current in the 5 resistor, (iii) power dissipated by the 10 resistor. [5 marks]

15. Kedah 07 (Section C) (a) Draw a diagram to show how 3 resistors can be connected in series. [1 mark] (b) A student plans to fix a lamp in his room. Table 12.1 shows the features of 4 different types of lamps.
Type of lamp Compact fluorescent lamp Filament lamp Long fluorescent lamp Round fluorescent lamp Power P/W 18 Efficiency 50 % Life span hours 7000 price

16. Understanding: Teknik 07 Diagram 12.1 and 12.2 shows two identical bulbs connected to one cell and two dry cell respectively. The bulb ry connected to two dry cells lights up brighter

High

75 20

12 % 45 %

1000 14000

Low Medium

24

40 %

10000

high

DIAGRAM 12.2

Explain the suitability of each feature in Table 12.1 and then determine the most suitable lamp to be used. Give a reason for your choice. [10 marks] (c) A 5 resistor and a 10 resistor are connected in parallel to a 9 V power supply.
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(a) (i) What is meant by the value 9 V labelled on the dry cell? [ 1 marks ] (ii) Explain why the bulb connected to two dry cells is brighter. [ 3 marks ]

17. Section B: N9 08 The lamps in a house are connected in parallel to the main supply. Diagram 10 shows two bulbs are connected to a switch and a dry cell. d (i) Based on Diagram 10, draw the electric circuit diagram in your answer sheet. [3 marks]

Explain the suitability of the following aspect of the wire. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) resistance of wire melting point of wire density of wire rate of rusting of wire rate of expansion of wire [10 marks]

18. Section B: Johor 08 Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show the bulbs connection at the fruit stores. The bulbs and the battery in both the store are identical.

Diagram 10 Rajah 10 (ii) Each bulb is labelled 1.5V, 3W. What is meant by 1.5V , 3W ? [2marks] (iii) Compare the brightness of bulb A and bulb B, when the switch is on. [1 marks] (iv) Determine the current in the circuit when the switch is on? [2marks] (v) Calculate the energy consumed by the two bulbs if they are switched on for 1 hour. [2marks] (b) As an engineer you are given the task of determine the type of wire that is suitable to be used for hat connecting electric devices in a house.
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Diagram 10.1

Diagram 10.2

(a) (i) What is meant by a potential t different? [1 mark] (ii) Draw a circuit diagram for each circuit and label the type of circuit. [4 marks] (b) Using Diagram 10.1 and 10.2, gram compare the brightness of the bulbs. Relate the brightness of the bulb, the potential different and the current flow for the bulbs to deduce a relevant physics concept. [5 marks] (c) Diagram 10.3 shows an ele electric kettle which is a rated at 240 V, 2 000 W and connected by a flexible cable to a three-pin-plug.

19. Section C: Melaka 08 (a) Diagram 11.1 (a) shows a filament bulb labeled 240 V. 80 W. Diagram 11.1 (b) shows a graph of potential difference against current for two materials, Y and Z. One of the materials will be chosen as filament in a bulb.

i) What is meant by 240 V, 80 W? [1 mark] ii) Based on the graph in Diagram11.1 (b), compare the resistance of materials Y and Z. Choose the more suitable material to use as a filament of the bulb. Explain your choice. [4 marks]

Suggest modifications that can be made to the electric kettle in Diagram 10.3 so that it can boil water faster and has better safety. [10 marks]

b)

As a researcher, your duty is to er, study the characteristics of a material to make a heating element of a water heater. You are given four choices of heating elements J, K, L and M. Table 1 shows the characteristics of the four heating elements.

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20. Section C: Trengganu 09 Diagram 12.1 shows a ping pong ball coated with thin metal foil placed between a pair of parallel metal disc. When the EHT is switched on an electric field is formed in between the metal disc.

You are required to determine the termine most suitable heating element.Study the specifications of all the four metals based on the following aspects. - The cross sectional area - Melting point - Specific Heat Capacity - Length of the heating element [10 marks] c) Three resistors with resistance 1 , sistance 2, and 3 respectively are connected to 6 V battery as shown in Diagram 11.2. (a) What is meant by electric field? [1 mark] (b) Explain what will happen to the ping pong ball when it is brought to touch the metal disc connected to positive terminal of EHT? [4 marks] (c) Diagram 12.2 shows four electric circuits K,L,M and N with different arrangement of bulbs and power sockets. The current is to be used in wiring a guard booth. You are required to determine the most suitable circuit to light up le and supply the electrical power to the booth. Study all the four circuits based on the following aspects. (i) Safety feature (ii) Arrangement of bulb and power sockets (iii) Position of the kilowat-hour kilowat meter and main fuse.

Based on Diagram 11.2 Calculate (i) Effective resistance (ii) Power dissipated by 2 resistor [5 marks]
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(d) An electric toaster has a heating element of resistance 26.7 . The current flowing through it while in use is 9 A. (i) State the suitable fuse for the toaster (ii) Calculate - The supplied voltage - The power dissipated by the toaster [5 marks] 21. Johor 09: Section C Diagram 12.1(a) and Diagram 12.1(b) show photographs of two electric circuits. Each circuit contains two identical dry cells of e.m.f 1.5 V, a resistor R and an ammeter.

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(a) What is meant by e.m.f?

[1 mark]

Lamp S Cost RM 10

Power rating 60 W, 240 V efficiency 50 % Life time: 1000 hours

(b) (i) Draw two electrical circuit diagrams for photographs in Diagram 12.1(a) and Diagram 12.1(b). [2 marks] (ii) Name the dry cells connection for Diagram 12.1(a). [1 mark] (iii) State the advantage of Diagram 12.1(b) as compared to Diagram 12.1(a). [1 mark]

(d) The power rating of lamp P is 200 W, 240 V. (i) State the change of energy in lamp P. [1 mark] (ii) Calculate the electric current and resistance for lamp P. [4 marks]

(c) Table 12 shows four lamps P, Q, R and S with different specifications. You are asked to investigate the characteristic of the lamps as shown in Table 12. Explain the suitability of each feature of the lamp in Table 12. Determine the most suitable lamp to be used as a reading lamp. Give reasons for your choice. [10 marks] Power rating 3000 W, 240 V efficiency 75 % Life time: 4000 hours Power rating 36 W, 240 V efficiency 80 % Life time: 8000 hours Power rating 100 W, 240 V efficiency 60 % Life time: 6000 hours

22. Mid-year Melaka 09: section C Diagram 11.1 shows a rheostat. Rheostat is a common device used in the laboratory.

Lamp P Cost RM 70

Lamp Q Cost RM 30

(a) What is the function of the rheostat? [1 mark] (b) State one factor which effects the changes of the resistance in the rheostat. [1 mark] (c) Explain the working principle of the rheostat . [3 marks]

Lamp R Cost RM 15

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(d) Diagram 11.2 shows an electric kettle used to boil water.

(e) Diagram 12.3 shows a graph of current against voltage for wire A and wire B.

Table 11.3 shows the specifications of four wires of the same diameter that can be used as a heating element of an electric kettle.
Type Density Melting Oxid- Resistivity Kgm-3 point / tion / m C rate

Based on Diagram 12.3 (i) Name the wire with a bigger diameter. [1 mark]

J K L M

6 500 7 000 5 000 2 500

7 500 8 050 8 500 9 000

High high low low

8.0 x 10-7 7.0 x 10-7 5.0 x 10-7 8.0 x 10-7

You are required to determine the most suitable wire and explain the suitability of the of the following aspects. - Density - Melting point - Oxidation rate - Resistivity [10 marks]

(ii) If the resistance of wire A is R1 and resistance of wire B is R2, determine the ratio of R1 : R2. [4 marks]

23. MRSM 09: section C A typical torchlight with batteries is shown in Diagram 12.1.

(a) (i) Name the type of current used in the torchlight. [1 mark]

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(ii)

Draw a circuit diagram for the torchlight in Diagram 12.1 [3 marks] (c) Energy efficiency and safety are important considerations in the purchase and use of electrical products and appliances. (i) A fuse in a power plug is labelled 8 A. What does the label 8A mean? (ii) Table 12.3 shows four types of power socket remains extension P, Q, R and S available in a supermarket. You are asked to evaluate the characteristics of the four power socket extensions for normal home use. Study the pictures and the specifications for the following aspects. - Safety - Energy efficiency - Control of electrical appliance Using physics concept, explain the suitability of the power socket extensions for each aspect. Determine the most suitable socket extension and justify your choice.

(b) Table 12.1 give details of the electricity used by three electrical appliances in a household with a 240 V mains power supply. Duration switched Appliance Appliance on per specification day (hours) Refrigerator 240 V, 24 1 kW Air 240 V, 10 conditioner 1.2 kW Washing 12 2 machine

The electricity tariff for domestic use is given in Table 12.2 Electrical energy Cost per unit (RM) First 100 units 0.20 Second 100 units 0.29 Above 200 units 0.25 Calculate, (i) The total energy consumed in one day. (ii) The total energy consumed by the appliance in on month (30 days). (iii) The total cost in one month (30 days) [5 marks]

[10 marks]

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