Database Material Information Sheet

Alloy: Designation/heat No: Heat-treatment: Fabrication process: Material use: AISI 316LN (annealed) Annealed (essentially fully austenitic) PF coils supports (frames, clamp plates, tie rods, flexible plates and bolts), parts of radial plates and covers, CS supports, tie plates and flanges. (Anon 00) CS pre-load structure flanges, CS support structure (Mitchell 98) Various Composition, weight % Si Cr Ni 10.5-14.2 1.00 max 16-18 10-14 0.41 16.7 13.7 0.59 0.44 17.2 16.7 12.8 13.6

Manufacturer:

Material AISI 316LN AISI 316LN

German 316LN LCT Case NET Prototype Cond 316LN Alcator CMOD Lower Cover

C 0.03 max 0.032 0.022 0.024

Mn 2.00 max 1.26 1.5 1.48

Mo 2.0-4.0 2-3 2.7 2.69 2.58

N 0.03-0.2 0.10-0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16

Reference
Simon et al 97 Mitchell 98 Mitchell 98 Mitchell 98 Mitchell 98

Measured tensile properties

[N] wt% [C] wt% File & Specimen Youngs Mod Yield Strength Ultimate Tensile Total Reduction of orientation Temperature (K) (GPa) MPa strength MPa Elongation % area %
T GS: 100m L GS: 103m T GS: 31m T GS: 110180m L GS: 72m T GS: 69m L GS: 58m T GS: 58m T GS: 75m GS: 15-40m L GS: 91m L GS: 70m L&T T GS: 63m Through thickness 700mm GS: 150335m Nonstandard orientation in rolling plane Nonstandard orientation in rolling plane L&T GS: 105m

References
Simon, Reed '88a,b; Reed et al. '86b Reed, Walsh, McCowan '92 Simon, Reed '88a,b; Reed et al. '86b Takahashi et al. '82

0.10 0.10 0.10 0.122 0.139 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.158 0.160 0.16 0.16
NBS 0.156

0.028 0.0243 0.028 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.0190.023 0.0042 0.0042 0.032 0.014
NBS

1373K, 2h 1473K, 1h 1255K, 2h 1343K, 2h 1313K, 2h 1313K Ann., AR Ann., AR 1375K, 1.5-2h 1375K, 1.5-2h 1375K, 1h Forged, ~1373K, 12h 1473K, 1h 1473K, 1h 1323K, 0.5h 873K, 3.5h Forging: 873K, 30h Hot rolled Heat Treated Hot rolled Heat Treated AR, A 410, ESR Quality AR

784 780 832 840 894 866 871 902 900 898 970 924 942 119546 935 889226

1346 1290 1374 1625 1640 1635 1632 1626 1629 1652 1440 1560 1585 136358 1482 143020

49 49 44 50 44 45 41 40 41 49 35 48 41 357 35 645

57 57 57 55 48 47 44 40 53 46 40 61 56 644 58 304

Ogata, Ishikawa, Yuri, et al. '88 Simon, Reed '88a,b; Reed et al. '86b Simon, Reed '88a,b; Reed et al. '86b Simon, Reed '88a,b; Reed et al. '86b Simon, Reed '88a,b; Reed et al. '86b Simon, Reed '88a,b; Reed et al. '86b Ross, Smith '78; Ross '78 Reed, Walsh, McCowan '92 Reed, Walsh, McCowan '92 Nyilas, Krauth '82 Simon, Reed '88a,b; Reed et al. '86b Drexler et al. 94

0.16

0.0245

0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16

<0.03 <0.03 0.022 0.016

1117 1135 984 1022

1624 1650 1566 1387

46 53 47.5 35

50 57 51

Prioul et al. '86

Prioul et al. '86

Muster '89 Read, Reed '79; Mazandarany et al. '80

0.16 0.164
[N] wt%

0.016 0.0132
[C] wt%

L&T GS: 105m L GS: 50m

1311K, 1h 1473K, 1h

1020 877

1362 1475

34 57

46 38

Mazandarany et al. '80 Reed, Walsh, McCowan '92

File & Specimen Youngs Mod Yield Strength Ultimate Tensile Total Reduction of orientation Temperature (K) (GPa) MPa strength MPa Elongation % area %
T T GS: 110180m T L T-L L-T L GS: 80m T GS: 60m T GS: 242m GS: 242m
C516TXA1 C516TXA2 C516TXM1 C516TXM2 C516TXQ1 C516TXQ2 C516TYA1 C516TYA2 C516TYM1 C516TYM2

References
Mende,Oppenheim 72 Chan et al. '94 Takahashi et al. 82

0.165 0.166 0.166 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.170 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.181 -

0.020 0.023 0.014 0.027 0.019 0.023 0.023 0.020 0.020 0.0209 0.019 0.021 0.021 0.0215 -

1323K, 10 min
Product form unclear

209 193 204 206 210 211 210 192 204 198

930 1030 945 1143 989 929 988 927 1039 1037 106515 923 1150 990 1051 1002 1000 1015 1009 1009 991 1026 977 994

1596 1590 1650 1557 1517 1533 1462 1444 1570 171428 1431 1708 1450 1662 1631 1619 1641 1551 1616 1620 1565 1614 1639

47 75 52 37.9 41 38 39 32 48.32.7 33 38 47 50 42 40 38 49 49 45 52 48

50 49 54 43.9 54 46 52 42 55 48.86.2 61 50 -

AR 1313K, 2h
Product form unclear

Dietrich, Schmidt 72 Muster, Elster 90 Nyilas, Obst, Zhang, Muster 90; Nyilas, Komarek 89 Nyilas, Obst, Zhang, Muster 90; Nyilas, Komarek 89 Nyilas, Komarek 89 Nyilas, Komarek 89 Reed, Walsh, McCowan 92 Ogata et al. 94 Simon, Reed 88a,b Suzuki et al. 92 Reed, Walsh, McCowan 92 Nyilas 00 Nyilas 00 Nyilas 00 Nyilas 00 Nyilas 00 Nyilas 00 Nyilas 00 Nyilas 00 Nyilas 00 Nyilas 00

AR Solution treated Solution treated ESR forging ST ESR forging ST 1473K, 1h Hot-rolled AR ESR 1473K, 1h
80mm thick, T-L, surface 80mm thick, T-L, surface 80mm thick, T-L, mid-plane 80mm thick, T-L, mid-plane 80mm thick, S-T 80mm thick, S-T 80mm thick, L-T, surface 80mm thick, L-T, surface 80mm thick, L-T, mid-plane 80mm thick, L-T, mid-plane

Minimum Tensile Property Values at 4K [N] wt% Yield Strength (Mpa) Ultimate Strength (Mpa) Elongation to Failure % 0.12 750 1320 35 0.15 820 1360 35 0.18 890 1400 35 N.Simon, F.Wong & R.Reed, 1997, Metallic Materials Mechanical and Thermal-Property Database, Annex 1, page 2.1-12. Engineering Stress Strain Curves

Engineering Stress Strain Curve at 4, 76 and 295 Kelvin with [N] = 0.16 (Simon and Reed [1982]) Engineering Stress Strain Curves

! Engineering Stress Strain Curve of AISI 316LN, strain rate = 2.4 x 10-4s-1 at 7K. The material was hot-rolled with [N] = 0.16 wt%. (Obst and Bauriedl [1988])

Load-strain curves for 316LN (hot-rolled, VAMAS alloy, [N] = 0.18wt% for different loading rates. (Ogata and Yuri [1996])

Load-displacement curves obtained at various loading rates for 316LN ([N] = 0.10 wt% (Ogata, Ishikawa, Reed, et al. [1998]) Elastic Constants at 4K Youngs Modulus Shear Modulus Bulk Modulus E (GPa) G (GPa) B (GPa) 193.2 207.7* 1999.2 204 81.0* 158.9* -

Type of Measurment 316LN, CW Sheet, Dynamic

~5% Mo 316, 2.2% Mo

Alloy Description

Poissons Ratio v 0.282* -

References
Zhang et al. 91 Ledbetter 80b; Ledbetter 81 Ogata, Nagai, Ishikawa, 94 Zhang et al. 91

Dynamic Static Static

316LN (VAMAS) 2.6% Mo 316LN, 2.7% Mo

* Values reported for 5K. No significant change expected at 4K.

Fracture Toughness

[Ni] wt%
13.9 10.5 10.5 13.313.6

[N] wt%
0.10 0.15 0.15 0.16

Remarks & Orientation Yield Strength Fracture Toughness MPa KIC(J), MPam
Intermagnetics Alloy S-T LLNL Alloy L-T LLNL Alloy T-L
Inclusion Spacing 0.16-0.60mm Centre-top of 700mm thickness E813 met but problems with uniform crack growth Through Thickness E813-81. Effect of precrack temp, side grooves & thickness

Minimum Measured KIC(J), MPam

360 195 159 413

Minimum Measured Yield Strength MPa

831 854 836 845

References
Simon, Reed '88a,b; Reed et al. '86b Simon, Reed '88a,b; Reed et al. '86b Simon, Reed '88a,b; Reed et al. '86b Drexler et al. '94

832 [T] 866 [L] 871 [T] 88926

377 (av. of 3) 199 (av. of 2) 170 (av. of 2) 419 (av. of 3)

10.51 13.9 12.6 12.6 12.6 13.0 12.8 13.9 12.88 11.16

0.139 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.15 0.16 0.16 0.166 0.18

894 923 [T] 929 [T] 988 [L] 927 [TL] 970 984 1020 1030 106515

KfK ESR alloy ~1320K, 0.5h ~1320K, 0.5h ESR forging, ST LCT Coil case
Equivalent energy technique used to provide estimated values; No marked influence E813/81; L-T, crack transverse to rolling direction

159 (sole valid) 175 (av. of 13) 355 (av. of 2) 277* 328* 392* 326 (av. of 4) 283 214* (2 or 3 tests) 280 (larger specimen) 272 (smaller specimen) 26315

350 303 237

923 926 988 906 820 965 992 1043

Ogata, Ishikawa, Yuri, et al. '88 Simon, Reed '88a, b Nyilas, Komarek '89; Nyilas, Yanagi '89 Nyilas, Komarek '89; Nyilas, Yanagi '89 Nyilas, Komarek '89; Nyilas, Yanagi '89 Ross, Smith 78; Ross 78 Muster '89 Mazandarany et aI, '80 Chan et al, '94 Ogata, Nagai, Ishikawa '94; Ogata, Nagai, Ishikawa, et al, '92 Krauth, Nyilas '80, '83

Probably T-L T-L -

13.7

0.16

T-L; machined notches in C-R direction

1160

198*

* Corrected with (1-v2)1/2 factor. Others presumably did not use this factor.

Fracture Toughness KIC(J) versus yield strength

N.Simon, F.Wong & R.Reed, 1997, Metallic Materials Mechanical and Thermal-Property Database, Annex 1, page 2.3-8.

Stress-controlled axial, tensile fatigue life of AISI 316LN (annealed) at 4, 12K.

Strain-controlled axial, tensile fatigue life of AISI 316LN (annealed) at 4K.

(Ogata et al. [1990])

Percentage thermal contraction on cooling to low temperatures and expansion on warming to 973K Temperature K Thermal Expansion % 4 -0.300 10 -0.300 20 -0.301 50 -0.294 75 -0.280 100 -0.260 150 -0.206 200 -0.138 250 -0.064 293 0 400 +0.173 500 +0.346 600 +0.529 700 +0.723 800 +0.925 900 +1.130 973 +1.279 (Reed [1994])

Thermal expansion coefficient of a 316 stainless steel -6 -1 Temperature K Coefficient 10 K 5 -0.295 10 -0.466 15 -0.545 20 -0.53 25 -0.415 30 -0.18 40 +1.00 60 +4.30 75 +6.35 85 +7.60 283 +16.07 (Collocott and White [1986])

Tensile & Fracture Toughness properties for WELDED 316LN

Weld process & filler material designation Youngs Yield Strength Ultimate Tensile Uniform Modulus GPa MPa Strength MPa Elongation % KIC E-813 MPam KIC JETT MPam

GTAW 2684A, as rec. GTAW 2684B, as rec. SMAW 2677A, as rec. SMAW 2677B, as rec. SMAW 2676B, as rec. SMAW 2676E, as rec. SAW 2676F, as rec. GTAW 2675A, as rec. SAW 2676H, as rec. SAW 2676G, as rec. SMAW 2677C, as rec.* GTAW 2684A, ht. SMAW 2677A, ht. SMAW 2677B, ht. GTAW 2675A, ht.

190 186 180 167 136 150 189 168 181/173 152 147/166 193 182 201 158

1253 1195 1170 1067 1029 1083 1058 1127 956/951 934 1032/1022 893 1162 1117 1064

1550 1565 1513 1447 1155 1285 1285 1451 1359/1301 1372 1389/1378 1253 1373 1407 1395

17 17 33 31 6** 25 25 27 30/25 26 27/33 16 9 9 17

150 122 -

174/166 131/156 173/154 146 152/114 135 134/134 148/171 142/144 163/175 131 142/195 87/88 89/86 99/120

*Specimens consist of pure weld metal. Tensile specimens were machined in weld longitudinal orientation inside the weld mid zone **Massive pores were detected on the fracture surface

Nylias 00

Additional comments

References
Anon, 2000 (8 December), Material Selection for the magnets. J.W. Chan, D. Chu, C. Tseng, and J.W. Morris, Jr. 1994. Cryogenic fracture behavior of 316LN in magnetic fields up to 14.6 T, pp. 1215-1221 in Advances in Cryogenic Engineering (Materials), vol. 40. Plenum, New York. S.J. Collocott and G.K. White. 1986. Thermal Expansion and heat capacity of some stainless steels and FeNi alloys. Cryogenics 26:402-405. H. Dietrich and W. Schmidt. 1972. Zur Geftigestabilitat austenitischer Chrom-Nickel-Stahle bei der Temperatur des flussigen Heliums (On the structural stability of austenitic Cr-Ni steels at the tem- perature of liquid helium). DEW Techn. Ber. 12:199-206. E.S. Drexler, N.J. Simon, and R.P. Reed. 1994. Strength and toughness at 4 K of forged, heavy-section 316LN, pp. 1199-1205 in Advances in Cryogenic Engineering (Materials), vol. 40. Plenum, New York. H. Krauth and A. Nyilas. 1980. Fracture toughness of nitrogen strengthened austenitic steels at 4 K, pp. 119-128 in Fracture and Fatigue. Elasto-Plasticity, Thin Sheet and Micromechanisms Problems. Pergamon Press, Oxford. H. Krauth and A. Nyilas. 1983. Toughness and fatigue properties of austenitic steels at cryogenic temperature and their application in complex structures, pp. 159-169 in Austenitic Steels at Low Temperatures. Plenum, New York. H.M. Ledbetter. 1980b. Sound velocities and elastic constants of steels 304, 310, and 316. Met. Sci. 14:595-596. H.M. Ledbetter. 1981. Stainless-steel elastic constants at low temperatures. J. Appl. Phys. 52: 1587- 1589. F.N. Mazandarany, D.M. Parker, R.F. Koenig, and D.T. Read. 1980. A nitrogen-strengthened austenitic stainless steel for cryogenic magnet structures, pp. 158-170 in Advances in Cryogenic Engineering (Materials), vol. 26. Plenum, New York. A.B. Mende and R. Oppenheim. 1972. Tieftemperatureigenschaften stickstofflegierter austenitischer Chrorn-Nickel-(Molybdan)sowie Chrom-Mangan-Nickel-Stahle und deren Eignung als kaltzahe Stahle (Low-temperature properties of nitrogen-containing austenitic Cr-Ni-(Mo)-as well as Cr- Mn-Ni steels and their suitability as cold-tough steels). DEW Tech. Ber. 12: 13-19. N. Mitchell, 1998 (19 May), DDD 1.1-1.3 Design Criteria Appendix C, Superconducting Coils And Structures Division, Naka Joint Work Site. W.J. Muster. 1989. Jacket Material for NET's Wind- and React-Superconductor. EMPA No. 113'362 and 113'362/1. Eidgenossische Materialpriifungs- und Forschungsanstalt, Dubendorf, Switzerland. W.J. Muster and J. Elster. 1990. Low temperature embrittlement after ageing stainless steels. Cryogenics 30:799-802. A. Nyilas, 2000. Final Report on ITER Coil Casing and Intercoil Structures ITER Task No. N11TT89. Institut fur Technische Physik, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany. A. Nyilas and P. Komarek. 1989. Cryogenic tensile and fracture properties of structural materials for superconducting magnets in fusion technology, pp. 55-60 in Fracture Mechanics in Reactor Technology, proceedings of 10th International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology (14-18 August 1989). International Association for Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology and American Association for Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology, Anaheim, California. A. Nyilas and H. Krauth. 1982. Use of heavy section austenitic welds for 4 K service, pp. 853-863 in Advances in Cryogenic Engineering (Materials), vol. 28. Plenum, New York. A. Nyilas, B. Obst, J. Zhang, W.J. Muster. Jul. 1990. Cryogenic Tensile, Fracture, and Fatigue Investigations of Nitrogen Alloyed Stainless Steels; Preliminary Rept. 03.03.06 P 30 C. Institut fur Technische Physik, Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe,

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T. Takahashi, K. Yoshida, M. Shimada, E. Tada, R. Miura, and S. Shimamoto. 1982. Mechanical evaluation of nitrogen strengthened stainless steels at 4K, pp. 73-81 in Advances in Cryogenic Engineering (Materials), vol. 28. Plenum, New York. O. Umezawa, T. Ogata, T. Yuri, K. Nagai, and K. Ishikawa. 1994. Review of high cycle fatigue properties of structural materials at cryogenic temperatures, pp. 1231-1238 in Advances in Cryogenic Engineering (Materials), vol. 40. Plenum, New York. J. Zhang, A. Nyilas, and B. Obst. 1991. New technique for measuring the dynamic Young's modulus between 295 and 6 K. Cryogenics 31: 884-889.