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IPv6 Rapid Deployment (6rd) at Swisscom

ITMCCS-2943
Martin Gysi, Swisscom martin.gysi@swisscom.com

Swisscom is the Leading Telecom Provider in Switzerland: Our Figures

Source: www.swisscom.com/ir
ITMCCS-2943 2010 Swisscom, Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

What Needs to be Changed for an IPv6 Internet Access Service? Complex infrastructure is barrier to cost-efficient IPv6 deployment. Legacy infrastructure cannot be upgraded easily.
End-to-end overview of Swisscoms Internet Access Service network
IT Systems: DHCP, RADIUS, LDAP
BRAS

wholesale
ADSL ATM

retail
IT Systems: Various user/service databases Required IPv6 features available (6VPE) IPv4/IPv6 dual stack
LNS

MPLS VPN
Route Reflector: Required IPv6 features available

L2 platform, IPv6 not required

L2 platform, IPv6 not required

PPP IPoE IPoEoA

VDSL

native Ethernet

MPLS VPN

MPLS VPN

No IPv6 support in used mode of operation

L2 platform, IPv6 not required, but scalability issues

3P-PE
6VPE ready

SSG

FTTH

Ethernet over MPLS


BNG IPoE

P Routers: IPv6 not required ISG

L2 platform, IPv6 not required

L2 platform, IPv6 not required


ITMCCS-2943

Access Core
Cisco Public

ISP connectivity

ISP core

Internet peering
3

Access

Aggregation 2010 Swisscom, Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Edge

Using 6rd, IPv6 Internet Access is an Incremental Upgrade


Production-quality IPv6 Internet access at a fraction of the costs

No complex upgrade of infrastructure, leverage IPv4 network to provide IPv6 access


Simply add
IPv6 and 6rd support to customer modems 6rd Border Relays to dual-stack portion of network
6rd CE router
native IPv6 home network IPv4 access network IPv6 Internet

New IPv6 6rd Border Relay Router

Home network (dual stack)


IPv6 6rd functionality

Swisscom Internet Access Service network (IPv4 only) Internet peering (dual stack)

ITMCCS-2943

2010 Swisscom, Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Public

6rd is a Stateless Tunnel Technology, Embedding the CEs IPv4 Address into the IPv6 Prefix
IPv6 Rapid Deployment on IPv4 Infrastructures (RFC 5969)
Network topology

native IPv6 network 6rd CE router

IPv4 network

native IPv6 network 6rd Border Relay

send to preconfigured BR address


IPv6 address format for 6rd
0

send to embedded CE address

2A02:1200
28

85.5.7.171

Subnet ID
60 64

Interface ID

6rd prefix

subscriber subnetting

up to 32 bits of subscribers IPv4 address IPv4 header & encapsulated IPv6 packet (downstream)

IPv4 Header

IPv6 Header

IPv4 dest 85.5.7.171

copy

IPv6 Payload

ITMCCS-2943

2010 Swisscom, Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Public

6rd Provides Control over Routing Return Path and Provides Native IPv6 Access to Home User
Packet processing
native IPv6 network 6rd CE router send to preconfigured BR address

IPv4 network

native IPv6 network 6rd Border Relay

send to embedded CE address

Upstream processing, end host to Internet


1. Host sends IPv6 packet to Internet host. IPv6 source address contains embedded IPv4 address 2. IPv6 packet is forwarded natively to Residential Gateway (RG) 3. RG tunnels packet to pre-provisioned IPv4 address of 6rd gateway 4. 6rd gateway forwards IPv6 packet natively

ITMCCS-2943

2010 Swisscom, Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Public

6rd Provides Control over Routing Return Path and Provides Native IPv6 Access to Home User
Packet processing
native IPv6 network 6rd CE router IPv4 network

native IPv6 network


6rd Border Relay

send to preconfigured BR address

send to embedded CE address

Downstream processing, Internet to end host


1. Internet host sends IPv6 packet to end host 2. IPv6 packet is forwarded natively up to 6rd gateway 3. 6rd gateway extracts IPv4 address from the IPv6 destination address, and tunnels packet to IPv4 address of RG

4. RG forwards IPv6 packet natively to end host

ITMCCS-2943

2010 Swisscom, Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Public

For ISPs that Control the Residential Gateway, 6rd Offers the Easiest, yet Highly Scalable Upgrade Path to a Production-quality IPv6 Service
(Almost) identical to native IPv6 Internet access. [Exceptions: MTU, Multicast] Multiple subnets per subscriber possible Native IPv6 on the LAN, WAN side not visible to subscriber Fixed IPv6 prefix if IPv4 address is fixed

Service offering

Impact on legacy network

No changes in the access network (DSLAM, BRAS, etc.) Native IPv6 connectivity from 6rd gateway to ISPs required

Impact on IT systems

Configuration and activation of 6rd can be performed through TR-69 or DHCP Swisscom prefers TR-69, as such a system is already in place and works for all our access technologies Otherwise, no impact on service provisioning and activation systems (OSS)

Scalability & Manageability

6rd is stateless. High throughput, with very little management effort. 6rd gateways can be multiplied by using Anycast addressing Excellent scalability for a large-scale rollout
2010 Swisscom, Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

ITMCCS-2943

ASR1002

6rd Border Relay


Implementation details
Router on a stick

Cisco ASR1002-ESP10
Scales up to 10 Gb/s per box (tested)
IPv4 + IPv6 OSPFv2 IPv4

6rd Border Relay

OSPFv3 IPv6 Dual stack core router


Link failure propagated on both IGPs

6rd supported on all ASR1000 platforms


Starting from IOS XE Release 3.1.0S

Using anycast IPv4 address, geographically distributed


Scaling by adding more nodes

Separate IPv4 and IPv6 interface

6rd Border Relay

Topology: Router on a stick


No danger of black hole routing, as IPv4 and IPv6 interface status is inherently coupled
ITMCCS-2943 2010 Swisscom, Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

OSPFv2

OSPFv3

IPv4

Link failure not noticed in IPv4 IGP (or vice versa)

IPv6

6rd CPE Routers


Implementation details

Vendors: Motorola and ADB Broadband (formerly Pirelli Broadband) 6rd parameters configured using TR-069
- Swisscom 6rd prefix and length (2a02:1200::/28) - IPv4 bits suffix length (all 32 bits) - 6rd Border Relay Anycast IPv4 address - Swisscom DNS servers - IPv6 flag (enable/disable)

IPv6 must be enabled by customer on customer centre website Third-party modems (AVM Fritz Box and others) work, but need manual configuration
ITMCCS-2943 2010 Swisscom, Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

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Addressing Aspects
Implementation details
2A02:1200
0 28

85.5.7.171

Subnet ID
60 64

Interface ID

6rd prefix

subscriber subnetting

up to 32 bits of subscribers IPv4 address

Swisscom received a /27 allocation based solely upon existing IPv4 customers, no special 6rd policy

Currently, multiple variable-length IPv4 subnets are used for Internet Access
Swisscom uses /28 for 6rd, using the full 32 bits of the IPv4 address. Every subscriber gets a /60, i.e. 16 /64-subnets
Smaller ISPs may chose to use only part of the IPv4 address to save some bits.

First /64 subnet of /60 prefix is advertised using SLAAC


ITMCCS-2943 2010 Swisscom, Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

11

Renumbering the Home Network: How to Handle a Changing IPv4 Address


Implementation details
6rd IPv6 prefix is tied to IPv4 address: Static IPv4 addresses should be preferred to avoid home network renumbering IPv6 prefix lifetimes (valid / preferred) in Router Advertisement should be
Small enough for quick recovery large enough to survive a CPE reboot

If IPv4 address changes, CPE advertises


Old prefix with valid and preferred lifetime = 0, until prefix expires. Prefix is still marked as valid, but deprecated. Prefix validity is not updated and will time out.

New prefix with valid lifetime = 300 s, preferred lifetime = 60 s


Prefix is marked as valid and preferred
mgysi@mgysi-desktop:~$ ip addr 3: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 00:e0:18:f1:8e:ec brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.100.49/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global eth0 inet6 2a02:1205:5054:aaa0:2e0:18ff:fef1:8eec/64 scope global dynamic valid_lft 293sec preferred_lft 53sec inet6 2a02:1205:5054:cab0:2e0:18ff:fef1:8eec/64 scope global deprecated dynamic valid_lft 290sec preferred_lft 0sec inet6 fe80::2e0:18ff:fef1:8eec/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
ITMCCS-2943 2010 Swisscom, Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

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Modem Settings are Centrally Managed, for Easy Replacement of Defective Devices
Tool chain to manage IPv6
Request web page Display IPv6 option

IPv6 capable? yes

Customer center webpage


Enable/ disable IPv6

Home Device Manager Configuration DB


Enable/ disable IPv6 TR-069 modify configuration

Enable/ disable IPv6

Enable/ disable IPv6

Support agent tool

Enable/ disable IPv6

Modem
2010 Swisscom, Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

ITMCCS-2943

13

Swisscom Will Launch IPv6 for Residential Customers in 2011, Using 6rd Technology
6rd changes the IPv6 business case from complex & expensive to simple & cheap
Theres no excuse for not deploying IPv6 now!

6rd is simple, reliable, scalable technology


Fast prototyping thanks to Linux implementation Vendors engineering/beta implementations quickly available, yet (inter-)worked flawlessly Tested and proven scalability

Large-scale pilot to be started in June 2011

Apply at swisscom.ipv6@swisscom.com, if you are one of our customers!


ITMCCS-2943 2010 Swisscom, Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

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ITMCCS-2943

2010 Swisscom, Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Public

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