SMPS - Forward Converters

Question 1 of 13 The primary advantage gained by the two switch forward/flyback over the single switch version is :Correct answer: A) Selected answer: B)

A) Effective removal of energy stored in leakage inductances of the transformer. B) Increase in available window area. C) Lower voltage rating for the switches used. D) None of the remaining answers. Points: 0 out of 3 Question 2 of 13 Forward Converters are inherently incapable of operating at duty cycles greater than 50% Correct answer: B) Selected answer: A)

A) True B) False Points: 0 out of 3 Question 3 of 13 For any offline forward converter topology, working with a larger maximum duty cycle always results in higher efficiency.

Correct answer: A) Selected answer: A)

A) True B) False Points: 4 out of 4 Question 4 of 13 For a forward converter that uses a PWM controller which limits the maximum duty cycle to 50% , the turns ratio of the transformer is predominantly dependant upon :Correct answer: A) Selected answer: C)

A) Low Line voltage B) High Line voltage C) Low Line current D) High Line current Points: 0 out of 3 Question 5 of 13 Given identical primary side power switch switching frequencies, output choke ripple current, input and output specifications, the main drawback of the choice of a Two Transistor Forward Converter as compared to the Symmetric Half Bridge is :Correct answer: B) C) Selected answer: C)

A) The need for additional clamp diodes in the input to reset the core

B) The approximately double size of transformer required C) The approximately double size of output choke required D) Larger output voltage ripple You did not select all available correct options. Points: 1 out of 2 Question 6 of 13 If the theoretical maximum duty cycle is 0.5 for a forward converter, then practically, to allow for component variations, temperature changes and transient headroom, a practical design maximum would be max duty cycle of around : Correct answer: A) Selected answer: C)

A) 0.4 B) 0.3 C) 0.25 D) 0.2 Points: 0 out of 3 Question 7 of 13 In a well designed and stable offline forward converter power supply operating in CCM and at Full Load, where the contribution to output ripple due to ESR of the output capacitors is negligible, the magnitude of the output ripple.... Correct answer: C) Selected answer: C)

A) Does not change with change in input ac line voltage. B) Decreases with increase in input ac line voltage. C) Increases with increase in input ac line voltage. D) Will randomly change with change in input ac line voltage Points: 4 out of 4 Question 8 of 13 In a well designed and stable offline forward converter power supply operating in CCM and at Full Load, where the contribution to output ripple due to ESR of the output capacitors is negligible, the magnitude of the output ripple :Correct answer: A) Selected answer: B)

A) Increases with increase in input ac line voltage B) Does not change with change in input ac line voltage C) Decreases with increase in input ac line voltage D) Will randomly change with change in input ac line voltage Points: 0 out of 5 Question 9 of 13 An air gap was introduced into a current mode controlled forward converter transformer, with duty cycle limited to less than 50% and a reset winding having identical number of turns as the primary winding. The most likely reason for introduction of the airgap could be :Correct answer: B) Selected answer: A)

A) To prevent core saturation due to excessive votage polarisation B) To properly define the primary inductance and reduce manufacturing variations C) To properly define the operating duty cycle range. D) To improve the signal to noise ratio on the current sensing waveform Points: 0 out of 3 Question 10 of 13 To accomodate for leakage inductance spikes and transient overvoltages on the mains supply, the typical derating factor on reverse recovery voltage, for switching diodes used in flyback and forward converter topologies should be atleast :Correct answer: B) Selected answer: A)

A) 1.1 B) 1.25 C) 1.5 D) 1.0 Points: 0 out of 3 Question 11 of 13 It is desired to design a variable voltage power switching supply, for which the output voltage is settable right from 0VDC upto say 24VDC. Further the minimum output load current is zero amps. Which of the below techniques would you feel are appropriate to maximumise the efficiency of the power supply at light / no-loads.

Correct answer: D) Selected answer: B)

A) Use a linear transformer with an IC linear post regulator B) A Switched Mode Power Supply (SMPS) designed using discrete components, with a characteristic of increasing frequency at light loads C) An SMPS designed using an IC that operates at a fixed frequency D) An SMPS designed using an IC with a characteristic of decreasing frequency at light loads . Points: 0 out of 5 Question 12 of 13 For offline smps, hysteresis is required to be provided for the turn-on and turn-off thresholds on the AC input . This is required so that the power supply does not get into a sequence of repeated and noisy turn on - turn off states, due to AC input power quality issues. Which of the below would be a typical range of hysteresis chosen to overcome this problem. Correct answer: A) Selected answer: D)

A) 10VAC ~ 15VAC B) 30VAC ~ 40VAC C) 20VAC ~ 30VAC D) 5VAC ~ 10VAC Points: 0 out of 4 Question 13 of 13

For any offline forward converter current mode control topology (without PFC preregulator), operating at constant rated load, the power dissipation in the sense resistor is :Correct answer: A) Selected answer: B)

A) approximately inversely proportional to the line voltage. B) approximately inversely proportional to the square of the line voltage. C) approximately proportional to the line voltage D) approximately proportional to the line voltage Points: 0 out of 5