INDUSTRY PROFILE

Indian leather industry is the core strength of the Indian footwear industry. It is the engine of growth for the entire Indian leather industry and India is the second largest global producer of footwear after China. Reputed global brands like Florsheim, Nunn Bush, Stacy Adams, Gabor, Clarks, Nike, Reebok, Ecco, Deichmann, Elefanten, St Michaels, Hasley, Salamander and Colehaan are manufactured under license in India. Besides, many global retail chains seeking quality products at competitive prices are actively sourcing footwear from India. While leather shoes and uppers are produced in medium to large-scale units, the sandals and chappals are produced in the household and cottage sector. The industry is poised for adopting the modern and state-of-the-art technology to suit the exacting international requirements and standards. India produces more of gents footwear while the worlds major production is in ladies footwear. In the case of chapels and sandals, use of non-leather material is prevalent in the domestic market. Leather footwear exported from India are dress shoes, casuals, moccasins, sport shoes, horrachies, sandals, ballerinas, boots. Non-leather footwear exported from India are Shoes, Sandals and Chappals made of rubber, plastic, P.V.C. and other materials. With changing lifestyles and increasing affluence, domestic demand for footwear is projected to grow at a faster rate than has been seen. There are already many new domestic brands of footwear and many foreign brands such as Nike, Adidas, Puma, Reebok, Florsheim, Rockport, etc. have also been able to enter the market. The footwear sector has matured from the level of manual footwear manufacturing methods to automated footwear manufacturing systems. Many units are equipped with Inhouse Design Studios incorporating state-of-the-art CAD systems having 3D Shoe Design packages that are intuitive and easy to use. Many Indian footwear factories have also acquired the ISO 9000, ISO 14000 as well as the SA 8000 certifications. Excellent facilities for Physical and Chemical testing exist with the laboratories having tie-ups with leading international agencies like SATRA, UK and PFI, Germany.

One of the major factors for success in niche international fashion markets is the ability to cater them with the latest designs, and in accordance with the latest trends. India, has gained international prominence in the area of Colours & Leather Texture forecasting through its outstanding success in MODEUROP. Design and Retail information is regularly made available to footwear manufacturers to help them suitably address the season's requirement. The Indian Footwear Industry is gearing up to leverage its strengths towards maximizing benefits. Strength of India in the footwear sector originates from its command on reliable supply of resources in the form of raw hides and skins, quality finished leather, large installed capacities for production of finished leather & footwear, large human capital with expertise and technology base, skilled manpower and relatively low cost labor, proven strength to produce footwear for global brand leaders and acquired technology competence, particularly for mid and high priced footwear segments. Resource strength of India in the form of materials and skilled manpower is a comparative advantage for the country. The export targets from 2007-08 to 2010-11 as tabulated below reflects the fact that footwear sector is the most significant segment of the Leather Industry in India. The export targets from 2007-08 to 2010-11 (In Million US$) Product 2006-07 Actual Export Leather Footwear Garments Leather Goods 688.05 1212.25 308.98 690.66 726.85 1967.88 358.53 733.34 105.66 3892.26 785.00 2597.60 372.87 798.69 127.85 4682.01 847.80 3428.83 387.78 870.06 154.70 5689.17 915.63 4526.05 403.30 948.04 187.19 6980.21 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Saddlery & Harness 81.85 Total 2981.79

India has emerged in recent years as a relatively sophisticated low to medium cost supplier to world markets The leather industry in India has been targeted by the Central Government as an engine for economic growth. Progressively, the Government has prodded and legislated a reluctant industry to modernise. India was noted as a supplier of rawhides and skins semi processed leather and some shoes. In the 1970s, the Government initially banned the export of raw hides and skins, followed this by limiting, then stopping the export of semi processed leather and encouraging local tanneries to manufacture finished leather themselves. Despite protestations from the industrialists, this has resulted in a marked improvement in the shoe manufacturing industry. India is now a major supplier of leather footwear to world markets and has the potential to rival China in the future (60% of Chinese exports are synthetic shoes). India is often referred to as the sleeping giant in footwear terms. It has an installed capacity of 1,800 million pairs, second only to China. The bulk of production is in mens leather shoes and leather uppers for both men and ladies. It has over 100 fully mechanised, modern shoe making plants, as good as anywhere in the world (including Europe). It makes for some upmarket brands including Florsheim (US), Lloyd (Germany), Clarks (UK), Marks and Spencer (UK). India has had mixed fortunes in its recent export performance. In 2000, exports of shoes were US$ 651 million, in 2001 these increased to 663 million but declined in 2002 to 623 million dollars (See Statistics). The main markets for Indian leather shoes are UK and USA, which between them take about 55% of total exports. India has not yet reached its full potential in terms of a world supplier. This is due mainly to local cow leather that although plentiful, has a maximum thickness of 1.4 1.6mm, and the socio / political / infrastructure of the country. However, India is an excellent supplier of leather uppers. Importation of uppers from India does not infringe FTA with Europe or the USA.

The potential is set to change albeit slowly, but with a population rivalling China for size, there is no doubt the tussle for world domination in footwear supply is between these two countries.

Few Interesting Facts:

- The Indian footwear retail market is expected to grow at a CAGR of over 20% for the period spanning from 2008 to 2011. - Footwear is expected to comprise about 60% of the total leather exports by 2011 from over 38% in 2006-07. - Presently, the Indian footwear market is dominated by Men's footwear market that accounts for nearly 58% of the total Indian footwear retail market. - By products, the Indian footwear market is dominated by casual footwear market that makes up for nearly two-third of the total footwear retail market. - As footwear retailing in India remain focused on men's shoes, there exists a plethora of opportunities in the exclusive ladies' and kids' footwear segment with no organized retailing chain having a national presence in either of these categories. - The Indian footwear market scores over other footwear markets as it gives benefits like low cost of production, abundant raw material, and has huge consumption market. - The footwear component industry also has enormous opportunity for growth to cater to increasing production of footwear of various types, both for export and domestic market.

In a Nutshell:
There are nearly 4000 units engaged in manufacturing footwear in India. The industry is dominated by small scale units with the total production of 55%. The total turnover of the footwear industry including leather and non-leather footwear is estimated at Rs.8500-9500 crore (Euro 551.3-1723.1 Million) including Rs.1200-1400 crore (Euro 217.6-253.9 Million) in the household segment.

India's share in global leather footwear imports is around 1.4% Major Competitors in the export market for leather footwear are China (14%), Spain (6%) and Italy (21%). The footwear industry exist both in the traditional and modern sector. While the traditional sector is spread throughout the country with pockets of concentration catering largely to the domestic market, the modern sector is largely confined to select centres like Chennai, Ambur, Ranipet, Agra, Kanpur and Delhi with most of their production for export. Assembly line production is organized, and about 90% of the workforces in the mechanized sector in South India consist of women. In fact, this sector has opened up plenty of employment opportunities for women who have no previous experience. They are trained to perform a particular function in the factory itself. The Indian footwear retail market is expected to grow at a CAGR of over 20% for the period spanning from 2008 to 2011. Footwear is expected to comprise about 60% of the total leather exports by 2011 from over 38% in 2006-07. The major production centres are Chennai, Ranipet, Ambur in Tamil Nadu, Agra and Delhi. By products, the Indian footwear market is dominated by casual footwear market that makes up for nearly two-third of the total footwear retail market. The Indian footwear market scores over other footwear markets as it gives benefits like low cost of production, abundant raw material, and has huge consumption market.

COMPANY PROFILE
The Bliss Shoe manufacturing company established in the year 2007 specialized in ladies, mens and childrens shoes. They have three upper and three full Shoes convey. We have the capacity to produce 1500 pairs per day. We have Italian technician, Who looks after the quality of production they have specialized designer from Italy who visits to make collections for every seasons.

ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE
GENERAL MANAGER

MARKETING MANAGER

CUSTOMER SERVICES

FINANCE DEPARTMENT

SALES DEPARTMENT

NETWORK ADMIN DEPARTMENT PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT

100% GURANTEE WARRANTY FACTORY

CUSTOMER CARE

ACCOUNT ING

PAYMENT

QC PASS QA/QCD DEPART MENT

INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING TEAM

R&D

DEPARTMENTS OF BLISS SHOE MANUFACTURERS GENERAL MANAGER Reporting to the Board of Directors, the general manager is responsible for enforcing the policies and governance set forth by the Board in the operation of the business.

The GM is directly authorized to implement policies to maximize revenues and minimize operational costs, which generally translates into direct Profit & Loss responsibility.

MARKETING MANAGER
Researching and reporting on external opportunities Understanding current and potential customers Managing the customer journey (customer relationship management) Developing the marketing strategy and plan Management of the marketing mix Managing agencies Measuring success Managing budgets Ensuring timely delivery Writing copy Approving images Developing guidelines Making customer focused decisions

SALES TEAM
The communications in a shoe The communication in the Sale Exercise of reflection The oral and nonverbal communication The oral communication Key features of SHOES and oral communication Standards for effective oral communication
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 Rules to speak well in public The non-verbal communication or body language Finance Department Accounts Department Production & Shipping Department R&D Quality Control Customer Services & Care Department

CURRENT ACTIVITIES
Currently they are exporting full shoes /uppers to various European countries like Italy, Germany, France, Spain, Greece, Finland, United Kingdom etc. They have one more factory named harming leather exports in that they are working with various customers like humane/base London etc. They are specialized in making moccasins and we also make cemented/other constructions as well.

NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES:
Supervisor Production manager Store in charge Electrician Workers 10 04 24 02 65

FUNCTIONS OF DEPARTMENTS PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

Production is the functional area responsible for turning inputs into finished outputs through a series of production processes. The Production Manager is responsible for making
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sure that raw materials are provided and made into finished goods effectively. He or she must make sure that work is carried out smoothly, and must supervise procedures for making work more efficient and more enjoyable.

Five production sub-functions:

In a manufacturing company the production function may be split into five subfunctions: 1. The production and planning department will set standards and targets for each section of the production process. The quantity and quality of products coming off a production line will be closely monitored. 2. The production department will be responsible for providing the materials, components and equipment required to keep the production process running smoothly. A vital aspect of this role is ensuring stocks arrive on time and to the right quality. 3. The stores department will be responsible for stocking all the necessary raw materials and equipment required to service the manufacturing process. 4. The design and technical support department will be responsible for researching new products or modifications to existing ones, estimating costs for producing in different quantities and by using different methods. 5. The works department will be concerned with the manufacture of products. This will include the maintenance of the production line and other necessary repairs. The works department may also have responsibility for quality control and inspection

HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT

Human Resource Department is responsible for hiring members of staff this will involve attracting employees, keeping them in their positions and ensuring that they perform to expectation. It also clarifies and sets day to day goals for the organization. The human aspect of resources within an organization contributes approximately eighty percent of the organizations value.

Human Resource Departments main objective is to bring out the best in their employees and thus contribute to the success of the Company.

These roles come with certain positive and negative aspects. However, the negative aspects can be minimized by improvements to their roles and functions.

FINANCE DEPARTMENT
The most part, the duties include all things related to budgeting. From appropriations to control of expenditure and auditing duties, the finance department of any given company has an array of duties. A finance department basically has three main functions:

To provide strategic financial support regarding operational and general business planning

To provide daily financial services functions To meet and surpass the internal and external needs and financial reporting requirements of the company at large The finance department generally focuses on providing relevant information

necessary for upper level management. Such information is crucial in determining how a company can make better financial decisions. When it comes to reviewing a companys overall practices and efforts, the finance department is the key. Finance department will work cohesively with the company to build a corporate environment that will be able to use the financial resources of the company in order to ensure that the desired level of customer satisfaction is met. The role of the finance department is very important to every business and according to the financial position of the company the purchases and other development process will be done. The overall structure of the finance department, there are four key point people that may come to mind:

The finance director

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Deputy finance director Accountant Finance specialist

Finance Director The finance director is the head of the finance department. This individual will have the supreme responsibility to ensure that all financial reports are accurate and up to date. The finance director is tasked with giving a financial forecast for the company. Deputy Finance Director The deputy finance director is usually responsible for putting together the companys annual budget. In this position, the deputy finance director will be responsible for developing an overall financial strategy. Sometimes referred to as the finance manager, the deputy finance director is also responsible for managing the finance departments team of employees. Accountant The next position of importance in the department of finance is the accountant. The accountant is responsible for handling the accounts payable and accounts receivable. Accountants also process payroll. Other duties include putting together financial-related documents such as reports, auditing, and closing out accounting books. Finance Specialist The finance specialist basically handles capital investments. This position may also require a bit of analytical work such as reconciliations, maintaining the general ledger and keeping a close eye on the funds of the company.

MARKETING DEPARTMENT
The marketing departments act as a guide and lead the company's other departments in developing, producing, fulfilling, and servicing products or services for their customers. Communication is vital.
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 The marketing department has a better understanding of the market and customer needs, but should not act independently of product development or customer service. Marketing should be involved, and there should be a meeting of the minds, whenever discussions are held regarding new product development or any customer-related function of the company. The goals and guidelines set by the marketing department should, by design, be in line with the vision and mission of the company. Marketing is a team effort. Individuals may have their own goals and priorities, but if they don't also consider the goals and greater need of the company, they may hinder efforts and make youre carefully planned marketing efforts fail. The marketing department studies the market and the customers, determines the best way to reach those customers, and works with the rest of the company to help determine the new product needs of the market and represent the company in a consistent voice. MARKETING OBJECTIVES Customer Relationship Management. Sales Forecasting. Vendor Management. Market Research. Sales Analysis. Price Analysis. Sales Reporting. Inventory Maintenance.

Shoe Making- How Shoes are made

Shoes and Shoe making Shoes are further divided into many categories such as athletic shoes also known as sneakers, galoshes, high heels, Stiletto heels, kitten heels, laceup shoes, high-Tops, loafers, school shoes and many others. Shoemaking can be considered a traditional handicraft profession. However, now it has been largely taken over by industrial manufacture of footwear. A variety of materials is used for making shoes- leather fabrics,

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rubber, fabrics, wood, jute fabrics and metal. More than 200 operations are required for making a pair of shoes. However, with the development of modern machines, a pair of shoes can be made in very less time as each step in its manufacturing is generally performed by a separate footwear making machine. Parts of a Shoe A shoe consists of sole, insole, outsole, midsole, heel, and vamp (upper). They are the basic parts of a shoe that are mostly included in all types off shoes. Other parts of a shoe are lining, tongue, quarter, welt and backstay. These parts are included as per the design of the shoes. Clicking or Cutting Department In this department, the top part of the shoe or the "upper" is made. The clicking operative is given skins of leather, mostly cow leather but not restricted to this type of leather. Using metal strip knives, the worker cuts out pieces of various shapes that will take the form of "uppers". This operation needs a high level of skill as the expensive leather has to be wasted at the minimum level possible. Leather may also have various defects on the surface such as barbed wire scratches which needs to be avoided, so that they are not used for the uppers. Closing or Machining Department Here the component pieces are sewn together by highly skilled machinists so as to produce the completed upper. The work is divided in stages. In early stages, the pieces are sewn together on the flat machine. In the later stages, when the upper is no longer flat and has become three-dimensional, the machine called post machine is used. The sewing surface of the machine is elevated on a post to enable the operative to sew the three dimensional upper. Various edge treatments are also done onto the leather for giving an attractive look to the finished upper. At this stage only, the eyelets are also inserted in order to accommodate the laces in the finished shoes.

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Lasting & Making Department The completed uppers are molded into a shape of foot with the help of a "Last". Last is a plastic shape that simulates the foot shape. It is later removed from the finished shoe to be used further in making other shoes. Firstly, an insole to the bottom of the last is attached. It is only a temporary attachment. Sometimes, mostly when welted shoes are manufactured, the insole has a rib attached to its under edge. The upper is stretched and molded over the last and attached to the insole rib. After the procedure completes, a "lasted shoe" is obtained. Now, the welt- a strip of leather or plastic- is sewn onto the shoe through the rib. The upper and all the surplus material is trimmed off the seam. The sole is then attached to the welt and both are stitched together. The heel is then attached which completes the "making" of the shoe. That was the process for heeled shoes. When a flat shoe is in the making, there are considerably fewer operations. The insoles in this case are flat and when the uppers are 'lasted', they are glued down to the surface of the inner side of the insole. The part of the upper, which is glued down, is then roughed with a wire brush to take off the smooth finish of the leather. This is done because rough surface absorbs glue to give a stronger bond. The soles are usually cut, finished and prepared as a separate component so that when they are glued to the lasted upper, the result is a complete and finished shoe. Soles can also be pre-molded as a separate component out of various synthetic materials and again glued to the lasted upper to complete the shoe. Finishing Department and the Shoe Room The finishing of a shoe depends on the material used for making it. If made of leather, the sole edge and heel are trimmed and buffed to give a smooth finish. To give them an attractive finish and to ensure that the edge is waterproof, they are stained, polished and waxed. The bottom of the sole is often lightly buffed, stained and polished and different types of patterns are marked on the surface to give it a craft finished look. A "finished shoe" has now been made. For shoe room operation, an internal sock is fitted into shoe which can be of any length- full, half or quarter. They usually have the manufacturers details or a brand name wherever applicable. Depending on the materials used
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for the uppers, they are then cleaned, polished and sprayed. Laces and any tags that might have to be attached to the shoes, such as shoe care instructions are also attached. The shoes, at last, get packaged in boxes. PROCESS IN SIMPLE First they see size Common size is 42 so they make from 35-46 size shoes, they Then hand cutting, Then pattern has been made. Cutting pieces. Dying, Cutting components, Shoe has three parts front top bottom attachments in that the shoe will go on into process called attaching, stitching, lamping, marking. Putted into threaded tapes adhesive creams machinery items off all. PRODUCT FEATURES Good quality Reasonable price High production Operating speed: 0.5-15m/min. Extremely long service life. High efficiency Accurate Durable... U shaped rack, preventing boots from slipping down make sample shoe.

PLANT DESIGN
SAMPLE Double-layer infrared shoe production line PRODUCT DETAILS Quick Details
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Place of Origin: BLISS Brand Number: R-9980C

Name: rocmachine Model

Function: product line for making shoes Dimension: 16800*1350*1550Power: 48kw Packaging & Delivery Packaging Detail: wooden cases or in accordance with the requirements of customers Delivery Detail: within 15 days DOUBLE-LAYER INFRARED ASSEMBLY LINE 1. Technical parameters Machine size: 16800*1350*1550mm Power: 48kw Electric voltage: 380V/50Hz Capacity: 1800~2000/8h 2. Features Imported low-glare filters infrared (NIR) lamps to heat the glue evenly inside and outside, and with hot air circulation for fast drying and activation of stable glue; oven and gluing bits are equipped with suction and exhaust devices, hidden inside the oven exhaust system can smell exhaust So effectively excluded, to ensure the physical and mental health staff; using SCR analog 4-20mmA, high-precision temperature control system so that the infrared brightness temperature and precise control available; adjustable shoe-laying shelf is suitable for all kinds of shoes ,and the 25-inch high boots can be hung upside down;

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES

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LIMITATIONS

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OBSERVATIONS
1. There was no proper transportation facility available. 2. Employees are not having proper dress code. 3. No local advertisements to their products. 4. Sports shoes are not manufactured. 5. No promotion of their products communication media like television. 6. No proper fire accident evacuation.

7. Only Muslim peoples are appointed in the admin department that too only men 8. Each department head are guided in a much planned manner. 9. Predictions are made how the future trend may like and exhibited if it works out they proceed with the production process.

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SUGGESTIONS
Control and reduction of time and cost of inventory. Traceability of delivery. Contrasting counterfeit from manufactures in low cost countries and improved. Automatic control of the raw material of the safety shoes which have a specific ISO. En class. Adoption of a system which allows linking internal procedures to the future request of large and specialized distribution. Presently the main benefits are for the customers using these solutions are summarized as follows. Automatic control system. Easier pair re-coupling after washing. Automatic monitoring of exit points for verifying the complete staff evacuation in case of danger.

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CONCLUSION

In conclusion, it takes more than luck to produce a successful company. while the reasons why Bliss is the biggest shoe company are numerous, the key distinctiveness which towers over its competitors lies in the area of marketing, particularity in the area of consumer brand awareness and brand power. .

Two key attributes of this distinctiveness are its inability to be easily replicated and the value or benefit it offers to consumers. As bliss becomes a more integrated part of world culture, its brand power becomes increasingly difficult to replicate. This image is something that competing companies cannot easily duplicate by simply enhancing the physical characteristics of their products. After looking at the above data we have come to a conclusion that presently there is a trend of considerable increase of shopping malls in all the metro cities, small towns and a large section of middle class, upper middle class people are coming for shopping because of the following reasons:

1. Customers convenience for shopping. Items from shoes to clothing, grocery to electronics are available under one roof.

2. Better environment and improved customer service.

3. Competitive price with seasonal discount various gift scheme.

4. Various options to the customer for choosing brand and variety.

5. Ample scope of promoting sales and enhance brand image.

6. Scope of employment at local area for various segment

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

TEXT BOOKS: MAGAZINES: WEBSITES:

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