A. Solubility of alcohols in water 1.

Label 5 test tubes, A through E, and with the aid of a Pasteur pipette, place ten droops of each of the alcohols listed into the appropriate tube: A ethanol B n-butyl alcohol C sec-butyl alcohol D tert-butyl alcohol E benzyl alcohol

results after the addition of 2.0 mL water, the alcohol is soluble in water. Note down the results B. Lucas Test Preparation of reagent: Dissolve 16 g of anhydrous zinc chloride in 10 mL of conc. HCL. Allow the mixture to cool. 1. Add about 50 mg (2-3 drops) of the sample to 1 mL of the reagent in a small vial. Cap the vial and shake vigorously for a few seconds.

10 drops each

20 mL Lucas reagent 2. Allow the mixture to stand at room temperature. 3. Perform this test on n-butyl alcohol, sec-butyl alcohol, tert-butyl alcohol as well. Observe the rate of formation the cloudy suspension or the formation of 2 layers. C. Chromic Acid test (Jones Oxidation) 1. Dissolve 1 drop of liquid or small amount of the solid sample in 1 mL of acetone in a small vial.

2. Add 1 mL of water dropwise to the tube containing alcohol, shaking the mixture thoroughly after each addition. If a cloudness results, continue adding water 0.25 mL at a time, with vigorous shaking, until a homogeneous dispersion results. Note the total volume of water added. If no cloudness

2. Add 2 drops of 10% aqueous K2Cr2O7 soln and 5 drops of 6M H2SO4. 3. Perform this test on : A -n-butyl alcohol B - sec-butyl alcohol C - tert-butyl alcohol D - n-butyraldehyde E benzaldehyde F acetone G - acetophenone Add 95% ethanol

3. Add 3 drops of 2,4dinitrophenylhydrazine. If no yellow or orange-red precipitate forms, allow the solution to stand for at least 15 min. D 3 drops 2,4dinitrophenylhydrazine

4. Perform this test on acetone, acetaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, and acetophenone. Describe the results. E. Fehlings test

2 drops of 10% aqueous K2Cr2O7 soln and 5 drops of 6M H2SO4 D. 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (or 2,4DNP) test Preparation of reagent: add a solution of 3 g of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone n 15 mL of conc. H2SO4 slowly, while stirring to a mixture of 20 mL of water and 70 mL of 95% ethanol. Stir and filter. 1. Place a drop of a liquid sample into a small test tube. 2. Add 5 drops of 95% ethanol. Shake well

Fehlings A: 7 g of hydrated copper (II) sulfate dissolved in 100 mL of water Fehlings B: 35 g of potassium sodium tartrate and 10 g of NaOH in 100 mL of water 1. Into each test tube place 1 mL of freshly prepared Fehlings reagent (made by mixing equal amounts of Fehlings A and Fehlings B).