1st Cluster: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn: The First Circle; The Cancer Ward Jean-Paul Sartre: Nausea; No Exit; Being

ng and Nothingness Arnold J. Toynbee: A Study of History; Civilization on Trial Franz Kafka: The Trial; The Castle Jacques Maritain: Art and Scholasticism; The Degrees of Knowledge; The Rights of Man and Natural Law; True Humanism James Joyce: 'The Dead' in Dubliners; A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man; Ulysses Albert Einstein: The Meaning of Relativity; On the Method of Theoretical Physics; The Evolution of Physics Thomas Mann: The Magic Mountain; Joseph and His Brothers Bertrand Russell: The Problems of Philosophy; The Analysis of Mind; An Inquiry into Meaning and Truth; Human Knowledge, Its Scope and Limits Marcel Proust: Remembrance of Things Past 2nd Cluster: Lenin: The State and Revolution George Santayana: The Life of Reason; Skepticism and Animal Faith; Persons and Places Alfred North Whitehead: An Introduction to Mathematics; Science and the Modern World; The Aims of Education and Other Essays; Adventures of Ideas John Dewey: How We Think; Democracy and Education; Experience and Nature; Logic: the Theory of Inquiry Henri Bergson: Time and Free Will; Matter and Memory; Creative Evolution; The Two Sources of Morality and Religion Max Planck: Origin and Development of the Quantum Theory; Where Is Science Going?; Scientific Autobiography George Bernard Shaw: Plays and Prefaces Sigmund Freud: The Interpretation of Dreams; Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis; Civilization and Its Discontents; New Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis Jules Henri Poincar: Science and Hypothesis; Science and Method Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche: Thus Spoke Zarathustra; Beyond Good and Evil; The Genealogy of Morals; The Will to Power 3rd Cluster: Henry James: The American; 'The Ambassadors William James: The Principles of Psychology; The Varieties of Religious Experience; Pragmatism; Essays in Radical Empiricism Mark Twain: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn; The Mysterious Stranger Leo Tolstoy: War and Peace; Anna Karenina; What is Art?; Twenty-Three Tales Henrik Ibsen: Plays

Gustave Flaubert: Madame Bovary; Three Stories Fyodor Dostoevsky: Crime and Punishment; The Idiot; The Brothers Karamazov Herman Melville: Moby-Dick; Billy Budd George Eliot: Adam Bede; Middlemarch Karl Marx: Capital; Communist Manifesto

4th Cluster: Henry David Thoreau: Civil Disobedience; Walden Claude Bernard: Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine Charles Dickens: Pickwick Papers; David Copperfield; Hard Times Charles Darwin: The Origin of Species; The Descent of Man; Autobiography John Stuart Mill: A System of Logic; On Liberty; Representative Government; Utilitarianism; The Subjection of Women; Autobiography Alexis de Tocqueville: Democracy in America Nathaniel Hawthorne: The Scarlet Letter Ralph Waldo Emerson: Representative Men; Essays; Journal Honor de Balzac: Pre Goriot; Eugenie Grandet Auguste Comte: The Positive Philosophy 5th Cluster: Charles Lyell: Principles of Geology Michael Faraday: Chemical History of a Candle; Experimental Researches in Electricity Arthur Schopenhauer: Studies in Pessimism Lord Byron: Don Juan Stendhal: The Red and the Black; The Charterhouse of Parma; On Love Carl von Clausewitz: On War Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice; Emma Samuel Taylor Coleridge: Poems; Biographia Literaria William Wordsworth: Poems Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel: Phenomenology of Spirit; Philosophy of Right; Lectures on the Philosophy of History 6th Cluster: Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier: Analytical Theory of Heat Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: Faust; Poetry and Truth Jeremy Bentham: Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation; Theory of Fictions Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison: Federalist Papers Antoine Laurent Lavoisier: Trait lmentaire de Chimie (Elements of Chemistry) James Boswell: Journal; Life of Samuel Johnson, Ll.D. Edward Gibbon: The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire; Autobiography

 Immanuel Kant: Critique of Pure Reason; Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals; Critique of Practical Reason; The Science of Right; Critique of Judgment; Perpetual Peace Adam Smith: The Theory of Moral Sentiments; The Wealth of Nations Laurence Sterne: Tristram Shandy; A Sentimental Journey through France and Italy 7th Cluster: Jean-Jacques Rousseau: On the Origin of Inequality; On the Political Economy; Emile, The Social Contract David Hume: Treatise on Human Nature; Essays Moral and Political; An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding Samuel Johnson: The Vanity of Human Wishes; Dictionary; Rasselas; The Lives of the Poets Henry Fielding: Joseph Andrews; Tom Jones Voltaire: Letters on the English; Candide; Philosophical Dictionary Charles de Secondat, baron de Montesquieu: Persian Letters; Spirit of Laws Alexander Pope: Essay on Criticism; Rape of the Lock; Essay on Man George Berkeley: Principles of Human Knowledge William Congreve: The Way of the World Jonathan Swift: A Tale of a Tub; Journal to Stella; Gulliver's Travels; A Modest Proposal 8th Cluster: Daniel Defoe: Robinson Crusoe Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz: Discourse on Metaphysics; New Essays Concerning Human Understanding; Monadology Isaac Newton: Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy; Optics Jean Baptiste Racine: Tragedies John Locke: Letter Concerning Toleration; Of Civil Government; Essay Concerning Human Understanding; Thoughts Concerning Education Benedict de Spinoza: Ethics Christiaan Huygens: Treatise on Light Blaise Pascal: The Provincial Letters; Pensees; Scientific Treatises Molire: Comedies John Milton: Works 9th Cluster: Ren Descartes: Rules for the Direction of the Mind; Discourse on the Method; Geometry; Meditations on First Philosophy Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan William Harvey: On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals; On the Circulation of the Blood; On the Generation of Animals Johannes Kepler: Epitome of Copernican Astronomy; Concerning the Harmonies of the World

Galileo Galilei: Starry Messenger; Dialogues Concerning Two New Sciences William Shakespeare: Poetry and Plays Francis Bacon: Essays; Advancement of Learning; Novum Organum, New Atlantis Edmund Spenser: Prothalamion; The Faerie Queene Miguel de Cervantes: Don Quixote William Gilbert: On the Loadstone and Magnetic Bodies

10th Cluster: Michel de Montaigne: Essays John Calvin: Institutes of the Christian Religion Franois Rabelais: Gargantua and Pantagruel Martin Luther: Table Talk; Three Treatises Thomas More: Utopia Nicolaus Copernicus: On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres Desiderius Erasmus: The Praise of Folly Niccol Machiavelli: The Prince; Discourses on the First Ten Books of Livy Leonardo da Vinci: Notebooks Geoffrey Chaucer: Troilus and Criseyde; The Canterbury Tales

11th Cluster: Dante Alighieri: The Divine Comedy;The New Life; On Monarchy St. Thomas Aquinas: Summa Theologica The Saga of Burnt Njl The Nibelungenlied The Song of Roland St. Augustine: On the Teacher; Confessions; City of God; On Christian Doctrine Plotinus: The Enneads The New Testament Galen: On the Natural Faculties Marcus Aurelius: Meditations

12th Cluster: Lucian: Works Ptolemy: Almagest Epictetus: Discourses; Encheiridion Nicomachus of Gerasa: Introduction to Arithmetic Tacitus: Histories; Annals; Agricola Germania Plutarch: Parallel Lives; Moralia Ovid: Works Livy: History of Rome Horace: Works

 Virgil: Works 13th Cluster: Lucretius: On the Nature of Things Cicero: Works Apollonius of Perga: Conic Sections Archimedes: Works Euclid: Elements Epicurus: Letter to Herodotus; Letter to Menoecus Aristotle: Works Plato: Dialogues Aristophanes: Comedies Hippocrates: Medical Writings

14th Cluster: Thucydides: History of the Peloponnesian War Euripides: Tragedies Herodotus: Histories Sophocles: Tragedies Aeschylus: Tragedies The Old Testament Homer: Iliad, Odyssey