A P P L I C AT I O N DATA S H E E T

Understanding Neutralizing Value and Dough Rate of Reaction

Description
Neutralizing Value (NV) is the measure of available acidity in leavening acids. The value is used to determine the amount of acid or acids needed so when combined with sodium bicarbonate, it produces a neutral pH. NV represents the number of parts of sodium bicarbonate that can be neutralized by 100 parts of the leavening acid.

Leavening Acid Neutralizing Values

Leavening Acid Description Pounds to Neutralizing Neutralize Value 100# Bicarb

Regent 12XX Monocalcium Phosphate V-90 Monocalcium Phosphate Anhydrous DCP-D Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate Levair Sodium Aluminum Phosphate, Acidic BL-60 Sodium Aluminum Phosphate, Acidic w/Aluminum Sulfate Anhydrous Actif-8 Levair/V-90 Blend Perfection Donut Pyro Victor Cream Sodium Acid BP Pyro Pyrophosphate SAPP #4 CAL-RISE Calcium Acid Pyrophosphate DOUGH-RISE Calcium Acid Pyrophosphate and Sodium Aluminum Phosphate Tortilla-Rise Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate and Dicalcium Phosphate

80 83 33 100 100

125 120 303 100 100

Applying Neutralizing Values

The formula to figure acid amounts Amount of Bicarb x 100 = Amount of acid to Neutralizing Value (NV) neutralize the bicarb How much acid to use? Example: A formula calls for 2.5 grams of bicarb. How much V-90 (NV = 83) is needed? 2.5 grams bicarb/83 (NV of V-90) x 100 = 3.01 3.01 grams V-90 are needed Using two acids: Example: A formula calls for 3.74 grams of bicarb and a blend of 80/20 BP Pyro/V-90. a. Find average NV by percentage: 80% of 72 = 57.6 20% of 83 = 16.6 Average NV = 74.2 b. Determine amount of blend using formula: 3.74 x 100 = 5.04 grams acid blend 74.2 c. Calculate % of each acid to use: 5.04 x 80% = 4.03 grams BP Pyro 5.04 x 20% = 1.01 grams V-90

95

105

72

139

72 86

136 116

56

179

Innophos, Inc. 259 Prospect Plains Road Building G P.O. Box 8000 Cranbury, NJ 08512-8000 Technical Assistance: (866) 631-7394 Customer Service: (800) 243-5052 www.Innophos.com
The above application information is provided in good faith, and is primarily based upon on our current knowledge. It is the users responsibility to determine the suitability of Innophos products for any application. In no event should such information be used as a substitute for applications testing or other evaluations to determine product suitability. The above information is provided without warranty or obligation of any kind, including its completeness or accuracy, infringement of intellectual property rights, legal or regulatory requirements, or results obtained from use of the information. Innophos warrants solely to meet standard manufacturing specifications for its products, subject to the limitations set forth in its standard terms and conditions of sale, or those set forth in a written contract between Innophos and its customer. 6/05

A P P L I C AT I O N DATA S H E E T

Understanding Neutralizing Value and Dough Rate of Reaction

Dough Rate of Reaction (DRR) @ 27 C
60

50

40

% CO2

30

t t X t X t
X

t
X

20

X t

t X

10

8
Minutes

10

12

14

16

Regent 12XX Perfection

V-90

DCP-2H2O Victor Cream

X Levair
BP Pyro

BL-60

Actif-8

t Donut Pyro

t SAPP #4

NaHCO3

Dough Rate of Reaction (DRR)

The measurement of the speed of reactivity of the leavening acid in a dough mixture. The test for this is performed by measuring the amount of carbon dioxide released over a period of time at a certain temperature (27C is typically used). This Rate of Reaction is controlled by the leavening acids physical and chemical characteristics. The results are expressed in percentage of CO2.

Percent of CO2 Released at Various Stages

Acid Regent 12XX V-90 DCPD Levair BL-60 Actif-8 Perfection Donut Pyro Victor Cream BP Pyro SAPP #4

Mixing 60 15 0 22 22 27 40 36 32 28 22

Bench Time 0 35 0 9 9 20 8 8 8 8 11

Baking 40 50 100 69 69 53 52 56 60 64 67

Innophos, Inc. 259 Prospect Plains Road Building G P.O. Box 8000 Cranbury, NJ 08512-8000 Technical Assistance: (866) 631-7394 Customer Service: (800) 243-5052 www.Innophos.com
The above application information is provided in good faith, and is primarily based upon on our current knowledge. It is the users responsibility to determine the suitability of Innophos products for any application. In no event should such information be used as a substitute for applications testing or other evaluations to determine product suitability. The above information is provided without warranty or obligation of any kind, including its completeness or accuracy, infringement of intellectual property rights, legal or regulatory requirements, or results obtained from use of the information. Innophos warrants solely to meet standard manufacturing specifications for its products, subject to the limitations set forth in its standard terms and conditions of sale, or those set forth in a written contract between Innophos and its customer. 6/05