Indian gauge 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) is a track gauge (broad gauge) commonly used in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka,Argentina

and Chile. It is also the gauge that is used on BART (Bay Area Rapid Transit), in northern California.
Broad Gauge Breitspurbahn 3,000 mm (118.1 in) Brunel Indian Iberian Irish Russian Standard (Stephenson) 2,140 mm (84.3 in) 1,676 mm (66.0 in) 1,668 mm (65.7 in) 1,600 mm (63.0 in) 1,520 mm (59.8 in) 1,435 mm (56.5 in

In India, the Governor-General James Andrew Broun-Ramsay, 10th Earl of Dalhousie, being Scottish, determined that a wider gauge than standard gauge was more suitable for larger firebox and stability in high winds and long steep gradients, and chose a wide gauge already familiar in Scotland.

Summary
Country/region Notes

Afghanistan

Argentina

Almost all lines America Latina Logistica, (Railroad Development Corporation ) (former San Martn line), Sarmiento line, Nuevo Central Argentino (former Mitre line) and Ferrosur Roca (former Ferrocarril General Roca), except Urquiza and Belgrano

[2]

[3]

Bangladesh

Bangladesh Railway

Canada

Grand Trunk Railway, St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad and the Champlain and St. Lawrence Railroad until 1873, Specific names, Provincial gauge [4] Grand Trunk Railway of Canada Intercolonial Railway of Canada until 1875. See also Canada.

Chile

Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado

India

Major routes of Indian Railways, Delhi Metro (some lines), Kolkata Metro; The 1 other metro lines are 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 2 in) standard gauge.

Pakistan

Now only Broad gauge railway lines are operational in Pakistan Railways network. Few Metre gauge & Narrow gauge railway lines have converted in to Broad gauge and remaining have abandoned or dismantled.

Paraguay

The Ferrocarril Presidente Don Carlos Antonio Lopez from Asuncin to Encarnacin was originally laid in this gauge, in the hope that the connecting line from Posadas to Buenos Aires would be built to the same gauge; alas, this line was laid to standard gauge, and when the FCPCAL reached Encarnacin in 1912 the whole line had to be re-gauged to standard gauge to allow through-working.

Scotland

Two early (1830s) linked railways around Arbroath, (see Scotch gauge)

Sri Lanka

All of the rail tracks in Sri Lanka is in Indian gauge now. Two narrow gauge tracks were there. NG tracks were completely removed now.

United States

Maine Central Railroad until 1871; Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART), San Francisco Bay Area.

Russia (Crimea)

Grand Crimean Central Railway built for the British Army besieging Sebastopol during the Crimean War (1854-1855).