ABSTRACT

This project aimed to develop a wireless system to detect and allow only the authorized persons. The system was based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology and consists of a passive RFID tag. The passive micro transponder tag collects power from the 125 KHz magnetic field generated by the base station, gathers information about the Tag ID and sends this information to the base station. The base station receives, decodes and checks the information available in its Database and Manchester code was used to send that information. The system performed as desired with a 10cm diameter antenna attached to the transponder. The Base Station is built by using the Popular 8051 family Microcontroller. It gets the tag ID and if the tag ID is stored in its memory then the microcontroller will allow the person inside. RFID Reader Module, are also called as interrogators. They convert radio waves returned from the RFID tag into a form that can be passed on to Controllers, which can make use of it. RFID tags and readers have to be tuned to the same frequency in order to communicate. RFID systems use many different frequencies, but the most common and widely used Reader frequency is 125 KHz.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTERS

PAGE

1. INTRODUCTION

2.

BLOCK DIAGRAM AND EXPLANATION 2.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM 2

3.

MATERIALISATION OF BLOCK DIAGRAM 3.1 3.2 POWER SUPPLY MICRO CONTROLLER 89C51 3.2.1 ARCHIETECTURE OF 89C51 3.2.2 REGISTERS IN MCS-51 FAMILY 3.3 3.4 LCD MODULE RFID 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.4.3 RFID READER BLOCK DIAGRAM DATA TRANSMISSION IN ASCI STANDARDS 3.4.4 3.4.5 3.4.6 3.5 3.6 COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL INTERFACE DETAILS 22 22 14 18 20 20 20 3 5 6

APPLICATIONS OF LF DT125R SERIES 23 23 24

MAX 232 RS 232

4.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND WORKING 4.1 MAIN CIRCUIT 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 CONTROLLER SECTION POWER SUPPLY SERIAL INTERFACING AND RFID MODULE 27 27 28 28

4.2 4.3

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF RFID RECEIVER MODULE

29

WORKING

29

5.

PROGRAMMING 5.1 5.2 5.3 ALGORITHM PROGRAM FLOW CHART PROGRAMME 31 32 33

6. 7. 8.

MERITS AND DEMERITS FUTURE ENHANCEMENT CONCLUSION AND REFERENCES 8.1 8.2 CONCLUSION REFERENCES

39 40

41 42

LIST OF FIGURES

CHAPTER

PAGES

CHAPTER 2

2.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM

CHAPTER 3

3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.9

BLOCK OF POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT OF POWER SUPPLY UNIT MICROCONTROLLER LCD MODULE LCD DISPLAY RFID MAX 232 RS 232

3 4 6 14 15 20 23 24

CHAPTER 4

4.1

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 CONTROLLER SECTION POWER SUPPLY SERIAL INTERFACING AND RFID MODULE

27 27 28 28

4.2

RECIEVER MODULE

29

LIST OF TABLES
CHAPTER 3

3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11

SCON REGISTER SERIAL PORT SETUP VARIOUS SERIAL MODES TMOD REGISTER MODES IN TMOD LCD PIN DESCRIPTION LCD COMMON CODES RFID DATA TRANSMISSION RFID PIN DESCRIPTION RFID SPECIFICATIONS PIN DESCRIPTION OF RS 232

10 11 12 14 14 16 18 20 21 21 25