1.

He believed that many of the problems of them Muslims resulted from their incomplete knowledge of the Quran and about Islam in genaral. Another major problem for the muslim community was the way it was divided into sectrain groups. Shah Wali Ullah wanted the Muslims to concentrate on the fundemantal princeples of Islam and put aside their diffrences, beliving that this would create a more united community. 2. It was essential to follow the moral and spritual princples of Islam in order to create a good scocitey. 3. His writting in Persian made Islamic teaching available to large number of Muslims ho had not been able to under stand Arabic. He also wrote various books in Persian and Arabic to build bridges between the diffrent Muslim sects and to unite the community. 4. One of Shah Wali Ullah's most important contribution to the Muslim community was his organisation of oposition to the Maratha's. He realised that the Muslims had to unite to deal with this threath. He wrote to all the Muslim nobles calling on them to join together to save the Mughal Empire. He joined forces with local muslim leaders and defeated the Maratha's at the Battle of Panipat in 1761. 5. The land lords did not want Haji Shariat Ullah creating difficulteis for them and were very alarmed that the Muslim cultivaters were uniting in a desire to improve there lives and purify there religon, so they drove Haji Shariat Ullah out of the reigon to Nawabganj in Dhaka District. 6. Because Mohsin-ud-Din's opposition to the payment of taxes led to unrest in the East Bengal, but he went further and threatend to declaer a jihad agains the British Government. 7. This means "an area where non-muslims ruled" . 8. He belived that the Muslim community had move away form true Islamic practise. He wanted them to return to what he thought was the proper observation of Islamic duties called faraiz. Thats why his movement was called the Faraizi Movement. 9. Syed Ahmed toured the Punjab and the North West Fronteir to enlist men to fight hte Sikhs. He fighted two battles against the Sikhs in Attock and Balakot. 10. Weakneses of India : There was no strong uniting force in India. It was a collection of dis- united terotrories the rulers faught with each other often over land, culture and religion. They lived lavishly and allowed there staes to delcine through neglect.

11. Strength of British : The Britishers were technologically mcuh more advanced than Indians. They had supirior weapons, means of communication and confidence. A major reason for british sucsess was there belief that they were destened to rule it. Q : What do Historians mean when they say that to be sucsess ful in the 19th century Indians had to become Anglicized ? A : This means that in 19th century when the britishers were sucsess fully established in India then if the Indian people wanted to sucseed they have to change there way of life to that of a Britisher.One example of this was the replacement of Persian as an official language with English. Urdu : Urdu started to develop in the fouteenth century among the soliders of forces invading India. The soliders spoke persians, turkish and arabic and wanted a comman communicating language. Thus they invented a new language. The name urdu was derived from a Turkish word which means army. At first it was only spoken among the army people but as time passes it became the interacting language of the local people of the Sub-continent.