IPTV System This figure shows a sample IPTV system.

This diagram shows the IPTV system gathers content from a variety of sources including network feeds, stored media, communication links and live studio sources. The headend converts the media sources into a form that can be managed and distributed. The asset management system stores, moves and sends out (playout) the media at scheduled times. The distribution system simultaneously transfers multiple channels to users who are connected to the IPTV system. Users view IPTV programming on analog televisions that converted by adapter box (IP set top box), on multimedia computers or on IP televisions (data only televisions).

IP STB This figure shows a functional block diagram of an IP STB. This diagram shows that an IP STB typically receives IP packets that are encapsulated in Ethernet packets. The IP STB extracts the IP packets to obtain the transport stream (TS). The channel decoder detects and

corrects errors and provides the transport stream to the descrambler assembly. The descrambler assembly receives key information from either a smart card or from an external conditional access system (e.g. via a return channel). Using the key(s), the STB can decode the transport stream and the program selector can extract the specific program stream that the user has selected. The IP STB then demultiplexes the transport stream to obtain the program information. The program table allows the IP STB to know which streams are for video, audio and other media for that program. The program stream is then divided into its elementary streams (voice, audio and control) which is supplied to a compositor that create the video signal that the television can display.

IP Video System This figure shows how video can be sent via an IP transmission system. This diagram shows that an IP video system digitizes and reformats the original video, codes and/or compresses the data, adds IP address information to each packet, transfers the packets through a packet data network, recombines the packets and extracts the digitized video, decodes the data and converts the digital video back into its original video form.

Table of Contents Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) Why Consider IPTV and Internet Television Services -More Channels -More Control -More Services How IPTV and Internet Television Systems Work -Digitization - Converting Video Signals and Audio Signals to Digital Signals -Digital Media Compression Gaining Efficiency -Sending Packets -Converting Packets to Television Service -Managing the Television Connections -Multiple IPTVs per Home -Transmission Viewing IPTV -Multimedia Computer -IP Set Top Boxes (IP STB) -IP Televisions -Mobile Video Telephones

IPTV Services and Features -Television Programming -Enterprise (Company) Television -Gaming -Security Monitoring -Advertising -Television Commerce (T-Commerce) IPTV Content -Network Programming -Syndicated Programming -Local Programming -Sponsored Programming -International Programming -Community Content -Personal Media -Long Tail Content -Flat Tail Content IPTV System Features -Instant Activation -Real Time Accounting and Billing -Channel Selection (Program Guides) -Interactive Television (iTV) -Anywhere Television Service (TV Roaming) -Global Television Channels -Personal Media Channels (PMC)

-Addressable Advertising -Ad Telescoping -Everything on Demand (EoD) -Ad Bidding -T-Commerce Order Processing -User Profiling Introduction to IP Video -Resolution -Frame Rates -Aspect Ratio -Letterbox Analog Video -Component Video -Composite Video -Separate Video (S-Video) -Interlacing -NTSC Video -PAL Video -SECAM Video Digital Video -4:2:2 Digital Video Format -4:2:0 Digital Video Format -Source Intermediate Format (SIF) -Common Intermediate Format (CIF) -Quarter Common Intermediate Format (QCIF)

Video Digitization -Video Capturing -Film to Video Conversion Video Compression -Spatial Compression (Image Compression) -Time Compression (Temporal Compression) -Coding Redundancy (Data Compression) -Pixels -Blocks -Macroblocks -Slice -Frames -Groups of Pictures (GOP) -Compression Scalability -Advanced Video Coding (AVC/H.264) IP Video Transmission -File Downloading -Video Streaming -Progressive Downloading Digital Video Quality (DVQ) -Tiling -Error Blocks -Jerkiness -Artifacts -Object Retention

Streaming Control Protocols -Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) -Digital Storage Media Command and Control (DSM-CC) Video Formats -MPEG -Quicktime -Real Media -Motion JPEG (MJPEG) -Windows Media (VC-1) Introduction to IP Audio -Monoral (Mono) -Sterophonic (Stereo) -Surround Sound Analog Audio -Audio Filtering -Pre-Emphasis and De-Emphasis -Companding and Expanding -Dolby Noise Reduction (Dolby NR) Digital Audio -Audio Digitization -Audio Format Conversion Audio Compression -Waveform Coding -Perceptual Coding

-Voice Coding IP Audio Transmission -Audio Streaming -Audio Synchronization -File Downloading -Progressive Downloading Digital Audio Quality (DAQ) -Audio Fidelity -Frequency Response (FR) -Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) -Crosstalk -Noise Level -Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) Digital Media Formats -Musical Instrument Digital Information (MIDI) -Wave Audio (WAV) -Audio Interleaved (AVI) -Advanced Streaming Format (ASF) -Advanced Streaming Index (ASX) -Advanced Streaming Format (ASF) -Real Media (RM, RA, RAM) -MPEG -Advanced Audio Codec (AAC) -Audio File Format (AU)

-Ogg -Windows Media Audio (WMA) Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) -Digital Audio -Digital Video Distribution Systems Media Streams -Elementary Stream (ES) -Packet Elementary Stream (PES) -Program Stream (PS) -Transport Stream (TS) MPEG Transmission -Packet Sequencing -Channel Multiplexing -Statistical Multiplexing MPEG Program Tables -Program Allocation Table (PAT) -Program Map Table (PMT) -Conditional Access Table (CAT) -Private Tables Video Modes -Frame Mode -Field Mode -Mixed Mode Media Flow Control

-Quantizer Scaling -Bit Rate Control -Buffering -Digital Storage Media Command and Control (DSM-CC) -Real Time Interface (RTI) Media Synchronization Display Formatting MPEG-1 MPEG-2 MPEG-4 MPEG-7 MPEG-21 MPEG Profiles -MPEG-2 Profiles -MPEG-4 Profiles MPEG Levels Conformance Points IP Television Systems Managed IP Television Systems Internet Television Service Providers (ITVSPs) Private IP Television Systems -IP Television (IPTV) Networks Contribution Network -Connection Types

-Program Transfer Scheduling -Content Feeds Headend -Integrated Receiver Decoder (IRD) -Off Air Receivers -Encoders -Transcoders -Packet Switch Asset Management -Content Acquisition -Metadata Management -Playout Scheduling -Asset Storage -Content Processing -Ad Insertion -Distribution Control Distribution Network -Core Network Access Network -Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) -Cable Modem -Wireless Broadband -Power Line Carrier (PLC) -Optical Access Network Premises Distribution

Premises Distribution Networks (PDN) Home Multimedia Service Needs -Telephone -Internet Access -Television -Interactive Video -Media Streaming Home Multimedia System Needs -Co-Existence -No New Wires -Data Rates -Quality of Service (QoS) -Home Coverage -Security -Cost -Installation Home Networking Technologies -Adaptive Modulation -Echo Control -Synchronized Transmission -Interference Avoidance -Power Level Control -Channel Bonding Transmission Types -Wired LAN

-Wireless -Power Line -Coaxial -Phoneline Premises Distribution Systems -HomePlug -HomePNA -Digital Home Standard (DHS) -HD-PLC -TVnet -Multimedia over Coax Alliance (MoCA) -802.11 Wireless LAN IPTV End User Devices -Set Top Boxes (STB) -Analog Television Adapters (ATVA) -Download and Play -Hybrid STB -IP Television (IP Television) -Mobile Video Telephones -Multimedia Computers -Portable Media Players IP STB Capabilities -Network Connection Types -Display Capability -Video Scaling

-Dual Display (Picture in Picture) -Security -Smart Card -DRM Client -Secure Microprocessor -Media Processing -Communication Protocols -Software Applications -Accessories -Middleware Compatibility -Upgradability -Plug-In -Media Portability End User Device Operation -Network Interface -Network Selection -Channel Selection -Return Path -Demultiplexing -Decoding -Rendering -Video Coding -Audio Coding -Graphic Processing -User Interface

-On Screen Display (OSD) -Electronic Programming Guide (EPG) -Remote Control -Wireless Keyboard -Infrared Blaster -Web Interface -Game Port -Universal Serial Bus (USB) Premises Distribution Interfaces -Network Connections -Ethernet -Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) -Satellite Connection (Optional) -DTT Connection (Optional) -Cable TV Connection (Optional) -TV RF Output -Video -Composite Video -Component Video -S-Video -SCART -IEEE 1394 -High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) -Audio

-Baseband Audio -Sony Philips Digital Interface (S/PDIF) -Wireless -Wireless LAN (WLAN) -Ultra Wideband (UWB) Digital Rights Management (DRM) Intellectual Property Rights -Copyright -Patents -Trademarks -Trade Secrets (Confidential Information) Types of Rights -Rendering Rights -Transport Rights -Derivative Rights Digital Rights Management -Rights Attributes -Rights Models Digital Assets -Digital Audio (Voice and Music) -Images -Animation -Digital Video -Data Files (Books and Databases) -Application Program Files (Software

Applications) -Container Files -Digital Asset Management (DAM) Media Identification -Unique Material Identifier (UMID) -International Standard Book Number (ISBN) -International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) -Digital Object Identifier (DOI) -International Standard Recording Code (ISRC) -International Standard Audiovisual Number (ISAN) -International Standard Work Code (ISWC) DRM Security Processes -Authentication -Encryption -Digital Watermarks -Digital Fingerprint -Digital Certificate -Digital Signature -Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (S-HTTP) -Machine Binding -Conditional Access (CA) -Product Activation -Secure Socket Layer (SSL)

-Transport Layer Security (TLS) DRM System -Content Server -Metadata -DRM Packager -License Server -Key Server -DRM Controller -DRM Client Media Transfer -File Downloading -Media Streaming -Stored Media Distribution Media Distribution -Direct Distribution -Superdistribution -Peer to Peer Distribution -Media Portability Key Management -Smart Card -Virtual Card Digital Rights Management Threats -Ripping -Hacking -Spoofing

-Hijacking -Bit Torrent -Camming -Insider Piracy -Analog Hole -Digital Hole -Misrouting Protocols and Industry Standards -Extensible Rights Management Language (XrML) -Extensible Media Commerce Language (XMCL) -Open Digital Rights Language (ODRL) -MPEG-7 -MPEG-21 -Contracts Expression Language (CEL) -Secure Digital Music Initiative (SDMI) -Resource Description Framework (RDF) -World Wide Web consortium (W3C). Copy Protection Systems -Copy Control Information (CCI) -Copy Generation Management System (CGMS) -Broadcast Flag -Serial Copy Management System (SCMS)

-Content Protection for Prerecorded Media (CPPM) -Content Protection for Recordable Media (CPRM) -Content Scrambling System (CSS) -Secure Video Processing (SVP) -Digital Transmission Content Protection (DTCP) -High Bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP) -High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) -Extended Conditional Access (XCA)