RURAL URBAN DIVIDE IN CONTEMPORARY INDIA

Tathagato Chakraborty
BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, PILANI Email: tathagato@bits-pilani.ac.in

INDIA
A vast country with diversity The understanding of diversity is at an elementary level UNITY IN DIVERSITY A famous quote for understanding India as a nation School level to higher education : all have dealt with the issue of diversification in India in many forms

ISSUES ON DIVERSITY
ETHNIC SOCIAL NORMS AND VALUES ECONOMIC STATUS RELIGIOUS PRACTICES And many more to add to the list

DIVERSITY or DISPARITY?
An ever debatable context..... Diversity is said to be horizontal and disparity is vertical Diversity is healthy and disparity is a disease. Diversity is appreciable and disparity is to be removed.

INDIA :
DIVERSITY AND DISPARITY
On the basis of 1. Socio-cultural 2. Economic ..... Can be stated in two segments... RURAL AND URBAN

GRAMIN BHARAT
(The Rural India)
Share

of major part of GDP (agriculture as the main factor) Economy is dependent on low productivity of agriculture An agrarian economy with a high degree of vulnerability to collapse due to climatic factors High indebtedness and poverty issue

URBAN INDIA
Centres

of growth Trading and manufacturing and industrial advancement Rapid economic growth Distinguishable from rest of the Indian landscape

THE DISPARITY ISSUE

Eventually what exists between rural and urban India is more like disparity than diversity.

ANALYSIS
Indicators

of development can ascertain the whether divide or continuum is existing between rural and urban India

MAJOR INDICATORS
SEX

RATIO LITERACY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT MORTALITY AND FERTILITY FACTORS GROWTH RATE FEMALE WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION POVERTY CONSUMPTION PATTERN

GENERAL ASSUMPTION
Indicators

will show a decreasing or increasing trend in rural and urban areas respectively.
Life expectancy Birth rate; death rate and IMR Poverty Sex ration FWPR

Will DECREASE from urban to rural Will INCREASE from urban to rural Literacy Growth rate Educational attainment Consumption pattern

FACTS AND FIGURES

ITEMS URBAN INDIA MALE SEX RATION LITERACY BIRTH RATE DEATH RATE GROWTH RATE IMR POVERTY FWPR 32 67.1M 11.55 89.7 18.3 5.8 31.8 35 54 260.3 M 30.98 926 79.9 78.6 24.1 7.8 12.2 56 FEMALE RURAL INDIA MALE 947 58.7 FEMALE

DIVIDE OR CONTINUUM?
If

the indicators decline sharp... The status is said to be DIVIDE If the indicators decline smooth.... The status is said to CONTINUUM. Theoretically... This can be examined statistically by creating a composite index.

HYPOTHETICAL GRAPH

EXTERNAL FACTORS
A

transport network An industrial establishment Creation of growth pole Can help reducing the divide factor.

CONCLUSION
This

can be used to assess the regional imbalance Can be understood as the indicators for development Can help crating an even development

THANK YOU