Organic Electronics and its applications

Today we will talk about

Organic materials Advantages Disadvantages Applications Future of organic electronics

What is Organic electronics?

Organic electronics,plastic electronics or polymer electronics is the branch of electronics which deals with conductive polymers,plastics or small molecules that are carbon based. This contrasts with traditional electronics, which relieson inorganic conductors and semiconductors, such as copper and silicon.

HISTORY:
In 1862, Henry Letheby obtained a partly conductive material. This finding indicated that organic compounds could carry current.

And there were many discoveries after this .however these early discoveries were forgotten. Thus , Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid, and Hideki Shirakawa are often credited for the "discovery and development" of conductive polymers and were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2000 for their 1977 report

Organic vs. Inorganic

Silicon based inorganic material Covalently bonded crystals Low mobility (<0.4 cm2/Vs )

Polymer based organic material Van der Waals bonded crystals High mobility 1- 1500 cm2/Vs

Why Organic?

Flexible Lighter Low cost Biodegradable This opens the door to many exciting and advanced new applications that would be impossible using copper or silicon.

Why Organic?
Comparison Example

Organic Electronic
Cost Fabrication Cost Device Size Material Required Conditions Process $5 / ft2 Low Capital 10 ft x Roll to Roll Flexible Plastic Substrate Ambient Processing Continuous Direct Printing

Silicon
$100 / ft2 $1-$10 billion < 1m2 Rigid Glass or Metal Ultra Cleanroom Multi-step Photolithography

Why not Organic?

Disadvantages

High Resistance Smaller bandwidths Shorter lifetimes Dependant on stable environment

Applications

Displays:

(OLED) Organic Light Emitting Diodes Organic Nano-Radio Frequency Identification Devices

RFID :

Solar cells

Other Applications

New applications include smart windows and electronic paper.

Conductive polymers are expected to play an important role in the emerging science of molecular computers.

Displays (OLED)

One of the biggest applications of organic transistors right now.

Organic TFTs may be used to drive LCDs and potentially even OLEDs, allowing integration of entire displays on plastic.

Brighter displays Thinner displays More flexible

How it Works

An electron and hole pair is generated inside the emissive layer by a cathode and a transparent anode, respectively. When the electron and hole combine, a photon is produced, which will show up as a dot of light on the screen. Many OLEDs together on a screen make up a picture

Less expensive to produce Flexible and extremely thin Wide range of colours and viewing angle Consumes less energy than traditional LCDs

ORGANIC LED

RFID

Passive RF Devices that talk to the outside world so there will be no need for scanners.

RFID benefits

Quicker Checkout Improved Inventory Control Reduced Waste Efficient flow of goods from manufacturer to consumer

Solar Cells

The light falls on the polymer Electron/hole is generated The electron is captured C60 The electricity is passed by the nanotube

BENEFITS

Organic solar cells-reduce the cost of solar power by making use of inexpensive organic polymers rather than the expensive crystalline silicon used in most solar cells. the polymers can be processed using lowcost equipment such as ink-jet printers or coating equipment employed to make photographic film Reduced capital and manufacturing cost.

MORE ABOUT ORGANIC ELECTRONICS..

One IMPORTANT advantage of printed electronics is that different electrical and electronic components can be printed on top of each other, saving space and increasing reliability and sometimes they are all transparent.

The Future of Organic Electronics Smart Textiles

Integrates electronic devices into textiles, like clothing Made possible because of low fabrication temperatures Has many potential uses, including: Monitoring heart-rate and other vital signs controlling embedded devices (mp3 players) etc.

->Lab on a Chip

A device that incorporates multiple laboratory functions in a single chip Organic is replacing some Si fabrication methods: -Lower cost -Easier to manufacture -More flexible

->Portable, Compact Screens

Screens that can roll up into small devices Black and White prototype already made by Philips (Shown at the bottom-left) Color devices will be here eventually

Thank You