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5.

4 DATA BUSES

BITS, BYTES,WORD
The traditional data hierarchy are:
Bit either 0 or 1 Bytes a collection of bits to make a character Word a collection of bytes to have a meaningful word. Field a collection of words A record a collections of field on a related subject.

Traditional Example STUDENTS FILE


Students File consist of 100 records of student. A record for example information on a student. Fields example students name or address or telephone number e.g Abraham Maslow Word the name of a student e.g Abraham Bytes e.g A is represented by 10000001 Bit either 0 or 1
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ARINC 429 DATA WORD


In computing, word is the natural unit of data used by a particular processor design. It is basically a fixed sized group of bits that are handled as a unit by the instruction The number of bits in a word (the word size, word width, or word length) is determined by the computer architecture.

INTRODUCTION TO DATA BUSES


Data buses are used to transmit data from one component to another. The buses can be electrical or fibre optic. The specification for data transmission is drawn by ARINC. The standard used in aircrafts is the ARINC 429.

ABOUT ARINC 429


It defines how avionics equipment should talk with each other. Defines the electrical and data characteristics and protocol. A 32 bits serial bus with data flow in one direction. If two directions are required, then two sets of buses are required. (max 20 receivers) The signal uses three level -10v, 0 and +10v.
(measured between 2 wires)

High speed 100k and low speed of 12-14k/sec (cannot be mixed)


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ARINC 429 DATA WORD


Five Basic Parts
Label (e.g True air speed, TAT) Source /Destination Identifier (SDI) Data Field (bit 11-28) Sign Status Matrix (SSM) (e.g +, - , North) Parity Bit ( Odd parity)

DATA TRANSMISSION

ARINC DATA WORD

1- 8 Label information about the data 9-10 SDI Source Destination Information 11-28 Data 29-31 SSM Sign Status Matrix 32 Parity bit - sum of all logic is ODD

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DATA FORMAT
It is using Bipolar return to zero (RZ) modulation.
The data in 3 states, hi, null, lo (1, null, 0) A 4 null period separate the words.

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DATA BUS
Operates on one of the two speeds
High - 100kbits/sec Low - 12.0kbits/sec

Self clocking the receiver receives the null between the bits to generate its internal clock. Self synchronous the 4 bits null is recognized and used to generate word synchronisation.

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VOLTAGE LEVEL
The voltage used is +10 , 0 and -10 volts. +10volts signifies logic 1 and (-10v) is logic 0
(obsolute voltage +- 5 )

The second half of the bit is always null. The shield is grounded at both end of he wire.

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INSTALLATION

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1977

=> Boeing began to work on DATAC


project

1977 - 85 => DATAC Emerged as ARINC 629 1989 1990 => ARINC 629 was adopted by AEEC => ARINC 629 was first implemented in BOEING-777
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Triple-Triple Redundant 777 Primary Flight Computer

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Time Division Multiplex Linear Bus Multiple Transmitter Access 2 Mbps Data Rate Current Mode Coupling (Present implementation)

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ARINC 629
ARINC 629 introduced in May 1995 Used on B777, A330 andA340 . Multiple-source, multiple sink system Each terminal can transmit receive data ARINC 629 can handle total of 120 terminals It supports a data rate of 2 Mbps

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ARINC 629 SYSTEM - COMPONENTS

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ARINC 629 DATA BUS CABLE

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ARINC 629
BUS INSTALLATION Most of the wires are in electronics compartment. This to enable the black boxes to talk to each other. BUS COUPLER The coupler is used to connect the LRU to the data bus. A maximum of 120 couplers can be connected.

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429 V 629 BUSES

A pair if wire per link One way flow Max 100kb Receiver max 20

Shared buses max 120 Two ways Max 2 mega Receiver max 120
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ARINC 629 MESSAGE STRUCTURE


Message

Max 31 word string / gap 4 bits

Each word string Label + 256 datawords Each label 20bits/label-12/ext-4/3 syncro/1 parity Each data word 20bits/ 16 data/ 3 syn/ 1 parity

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MESSAGE STRUCTURE

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