PUMPS

WHAT ARE PUMPS??

Pump Is Defined As A device which transfers the input mechanical energy of a motor or of an engine into pressure energy or kinetic energy or both of a fluid

Or Simply
Its a device which converts the mechanical energy into hydraulic energy of a fluid

CLASSIFICATION.
PUMPS
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS RECIPROCATING PUMPS
BUCKET PUMPS PLUNGER PUMPS DIAPHRAGM PUMPS

CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS

ROTARY PUMPS
GEAR PUMPS LOBE PUMPS SCREW PUMPS CAM PUMPS VANE PUMPS

RECIPROCATING PUMPS
These

Pumps are positive displacement pump in which the liquid is actually sucked and then displaced by a pistoncylinder arrangement which is driven to and fro by a crank and connecting rod mechanism.

CLASSIFICATION OF RECIPROCATING PUMP.

1.

According to the liquid being in contact with Piston-

a. Single acting pump in which the liquid remains in contact only with one side of the piston . b. Double acting pump in which liquid remains in contact with both sides of the piston.

2.

According to number of cylinders in a PumpSingle Cylinder Pump. Multicylinder pumps in which the pump the pump has two or more cylinders.

a.

b.

COMPONENTS OF RECIPROCATING PUMPS-

COMPONENTS1.

Crank / Connecting Rod Mechanism-

Crank is mounted on crankshaft which is driven by either I.C Engine Or Electric Motor.
2.

Piston And Cylinder-

The Piston reciprocates inside cylinder. The reciprocating motion of piston is obtained by connecting rod which transfers rotary motion of crank.

3. Suction PipeIt is the pipe which is connected to the suction of the pump. Through this pipe, the liquid will be sucked from sump. Provided with a Non-return valve called Suction Valve.

4. Delivery PipeConnected to discharge end. It carries liquid at high pressure at some height.

5. SumpIts reservoir of liquid through which water is pumped.

1. SINGLE ACTING RECIPROCATING PUMP

Single Acting Pump gives intermittent discharge. This Is Because of the Non Continuous Delivery Stroke.

2. DOUBLE ACTING RECIPROCATING PUMP

In A Double Acting Reciprocating Pump, both suction and delivery strokes simultaneously. 1. When the crank rotates from I.D.C in clockwise direction, a vacuum is created on left hand side of piston and the liquid is sucked from the sump through first suction valve . At Same time, the liquid on the right hand side of the piston is compressed and high pressure liquid causes the opening of second delivery valve so that liquid is passed on discharge tank. This continues till the crank reaches O.D.C.

2.

With the further rotation of the crank, the piston now moves towards I.D.C. At this time water will be sucked through valve 2 since vacuum will be created on right hand side of piston. At the same time, the liquid on left hand side of piston will be compressed which forces delivery valve 1 to open so that liquid will rise through that delivery pipe. This operation continues till the crank reaches I.D.C , when piston is at extreme left position. Thus In this cycle the discharge obtained is continuous.

APPLICATIONS
1.

Pumping of water in buildings.

1. 2.

3.

4.

5. 6.

Hydraulic control systems. In petroleum installations to pump oil. To pump water from source to fields fro agricultural and irrigation purposes. In steam and diesel power plants to circulate feed water and cooling water respectively. Fire fighting Transfer of raw materials.

THANKS

FOR LISTENING
Prepared By117- Mohsin Ansari