University of Winnipeg http://www.io.uwinnipeg.ca/~simmons/flower.

htm

Plant Reproduction
Topic # 2022

Mr. Christensen
Pearson College http://www.pearson-college.uwc.ca/pearson/biology/asex/asex.htm

Asexual Reproduction
Asexual reproduction is the formation of new individuals from the cell(s) of a single parent. It is common in plants, less so in animals.

Plant Asexual Reproduction

Above ground Stems arch over and take root at the tips, forming new plants (Forsythia, Raspberry and Strawberry) Horizontal above ground stems are called stolons

Plant Asexual Reproduction

Underground stems that serve for food storage and reproduction. Rhizomes, bulbs, corms and tubers
Quackgrass Rhizomes Irises and day lilies Jeruasalem Artichoke, potato (tuber)

Plant Asexual Reproduction

Amaryllis Bulb Gladiolus Corm

Pearson College http://www.pearson-college.uwc.ca/pearson/biology/asex/asex.htm

Plant Asexual Reproduction

LeavesMitosis along the meristems at the leaf margins produce tiny plantlets that fall off and can take up an independent existence.

Pearson College http://www.pearson-college.uwc.ca/pearson/biology/asex/asex.htm

Plant Asexual Reproduction

RootsPlants can send up stems from their roots to reproduce. Dandelion, Poplar, Aspen

California Pictures www.californiapictures.com/gallery.html

Plant Asexual Reproduction

Plant PropagationDeliberate propagation by asexual means to keep particularly desirable traits. Grafting removal of a twig (scion) from a desired plant and inserting it into a notch of a cut stump (stock plant).

University of Arizona http://ag.arizona.edu/pubs/garden/mg/propagation/grafting.html

Plant Asexual Reproduction

CuttingsUsing stems, leaves or roots of plants for asexual reproduction.

Pearson College http://www.pearson-college.uwc.ca/pearson/biology/asex/asex.htm

Plant Sexual Reproduction

Sexual ReproductionSperm carried in the pollen from the male part of a flower fuses with the egg in the female part of the flower.

http://www.howe.k12.ok.us/~jimaskew/bflower.htm

Plant Sexual Reproduction

PollinationTransfer of pollen from the male to the female part of the plant. Self-PollinationPollen of a plant pollinates a flower of the same plant (only some plants can do this, apple trees for example cannot)

University of the Western Cape http://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/ecotree/flowers/pollination4.htm

University of Illinois Urbana Champaign http://www.life.uiuc.edu/plantbio/260/breedingsystems/breedingsystems.htm

Plant Sexual Reproduction

Cross PollinationPollen of a plant pollinates another plant. HybridThe offspring of genetically different plants.

University of the Western Cape http://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/ecotree/flowers/pollination4.htm

Pollination Vectors
Wind (grasses) Water (aquatic plants) Insects (bees, beetles, butterflies and wasps) Mammals (bats/rodents) Birds

University of the Western Cape http://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/ecotree/flowers/pollination4.htm

Plant Sexual Reproduction

Complete FlowerA flower having all floral structures, including the calyx (sepals, corolla (petals), stamen (anthers and filaments) and pistil (stigma, style and ovary). (Rose)

Plant Sexual Reproduction

Incomplete FlowerA flower which lacks one or more floral structures Perfect FlowerA flower which has male and female floral structures in the same flower. (Rose, Apple, Tomato and Wheat)

Texas Technological University http://www.pssc.ttu.edu/pss1321/Web%20topics/cpa2.htm

Plant Sexual Reproduction

Imperfect FlowerA flower which has male and female floral structures in separate flowers. (Spruce, Ash and Maples Monoecious PlantA plant species having separate male and female flowers on the same plant.(example corn, cucumber, Birch) Dioecious PlantA plant species having male and female flowers that are on separate plants. (example buffalograss, Hollies, Yews, Ash, Asparagus and Maple.)

Plant Sexual Reproduction

Male and Female flowers on a Pumpkin plant

http://www.pumpkinnook.com/how to/pollen.htm

Plant use of the Suns Energy

1% Photosynthesis 2% Heat the mass of the plant 6% Heat the air 10% Reflected 43% Converted to heat and radiated 48% Used to evaporate water

Plant Growth Cycles

Flower Structure

Fruit Classifications