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DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER

PHE

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER


Intro

a heat exchanger is a device used for heat transfer between tow or more streams of fluids. Heat exchangers are used in wide verity of application as in process plants, power plants, refrigeration and air conditioning, waste heat recovery, cryogenic, manufacturing industry....etc.

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER


yw

Thot

Tcold

Q = U A DT We have thermal resistances in series

yw 1 1 1 rcold rhot U cold w hot

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER

Design methodology of heat exchanger

Sizing Refers to obtaining the heat transfer area and dimensions required to perform its function Q = UA*LMTD A=? L= ? D= ? n= ?

THERMAL DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER. 2-lmtd 3-p-NTU

1- eata-NTU

Rating Is determining performance characteristic as transfer rate pressure drop inlet and outlet temperatures for known exchanger dimensions

methodologies for optimum design of heat exchanger


2-GA 3-DE

1-SA

Origin Incorporator Function. Comparison.

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER


Intro

Types
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

of heat exchangers
heat exchanger can be classified but not for limiting into

Transfer process (direct/ indirect) Recuperators and regenerators Flow arrangement (parallel/ counter/cross flow) Transfer mechanism (single phase/ two phase) Geometry and construction (tubular/ platelet/ compact/ special type)

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER

Exchanger
class Name components How does it work Performance limits Known applications

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER

Selection criteria for heat exchanger


there is large number of heat exchanger types, understanding their function and performance parameter, one would select the right type for a application.

Major operation parameter:


Pressure and temperature. Cost. Fouling and clean-ability. Leakage and contamination. Fluid type. Fluid and material compatibility.

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER

Other selecting guides

Maintenance and shutdown schedule. Future expansion. Heat exchanger must withstand varying operating conditions. Easy maintenance and chemicals clean-ability. Life long and durability. Limitation in dimensions.

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER

Distribution of types in terms of market value in Europe


Waste Heat Boilers Cooling Towers 5% 9% Air Coolers 10% Other Proprietary 2% Other Plate 4% Plate & Frame 15% Other Tubular 5% Shell & Tube 40% Other Heat Recovery 10%

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER


Intro Why PHE?

To avoid repetition of previous studies. although shell and tube are the most used exchanger PHE are more effective and have higher (q) and (u).

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER


BENEFITS OFFERED BY PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER

High Turbulence and High HeatTransfer Performance. Reduced Fouling. Cross-Contamination Eliminated. True Counter-flow. Close Approach Temperature Multiple Duties with a Single Unit.

Easy to Inspect and Clean, and Less Maintenance. Lightweight. High- Viscosity Applications,

Saves Space and Servicing Time.


Less Operational Problems. Lower Cost.

Expandable

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER

PHE components
Plates Gaskets Frames Nozzles Tie Bolts Connector Plates

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER

PHE vs. shell and tube.


Traditional PHE STHE Possible Impossible From one direction (on frame plate) From several directions 3-5 1 Low 1 None Not sensitive On every plate Easy to detect on exterior On each side of plate 15 min with pneumatic tightener 1 3-10 High 2-5 Welded Sensitive On each flanged joint Difficult to detect Limited 60-90 min

Features Multiple duty Piping connections Heat-transfer ratio Operating weight ratio Hold-up volume Space ratio Welds Sensitivity to vibrations Gaskets Detection of leakage Access for inspection Time required for opening Repair Modification Fouling

Easy to replace plate and\or gasket Requires tube plugging Easy by adding or removing plates 10-25% that of STHE Impossible -----

DESIGN OF HEAT
EXCHANGER

General

view of plate exchanger Plate exchanger normally refers to a gasketed plateand-frame exchanger

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER

Basic Design Procedure

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER

Results
Pressure drop and heat duty Fouling High and low theta Cleaneleness and over design.

Recommendations. Conclusion

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