Phylum Porifera

Sponges-Pore-bearing

Sponges-Pore-bearing
Basic Characteristics
Aquatic environments Sessile-they cant move Heterotrophic filter feeder Respirations & Excretion carried through water No nervous System Reproduce Sexually(hemaproditic) & Asexually Asymmetric symmetry

Phylum Porifera

Phylum Porifera Sponges-Pore-bearing

Water flow
Osculum Central cavity Pores Choanocyte Spicule Pore cell Pore Epidermal cell Archaeocyte

Special Adaptations Regeneration collar cells have flagella to filter food Large opening in top of sponge where water exits

Phylum Porifera Sponges-Pore-bearing

The Good And the Bad
Make up coral reefs Protect land from waves Animal habitat Consumer products

Phylum Porifera Sponges-Pore-bearing

For Example.
Euspongia bath sponge Glass sponges Tube sponges Finger sponges

Phylum Cnidaria

stinging cells

Phylum Cnidaria stinging cells

Radial Symmetry sting and capture food Aquatic, mostly marine Two body forms Movement: Polyp= sessile, Medusa= free-swimming Asexual and sexual reproduction

Basic Characteristics

Phylum Cnidaria stinging cells

Special Adaptations NEMATOCYSTS-stinging cells

Coral= colonial Have nerve nets (network of nerve cells that allow it to detect stimuli)

Phylum Cnidaria stinging cells

The Good And the Bad Coral reefs-aquatic habitats Symbiotic relationships-Sea Anemone Can be deadly-Man O war

Phylum Cnidaria stinging cells

For Example. Hydra-Man O war Jellyfish Sea Anemone Coral reefs

Phylum Platyhelminthes Flatworms

Basic Characteristics

Symmetry: Bilateral
Parasites (absorb), carnivores, scavengers Aquatic(fresh & salt), Terrestrial, within a host Reproduction: Asexual (REGENERATION) and sexual acoelomate -no body cavity CEPHALIZATION or a head with ganglia or small brain

= mouth & anus

(detect light)

PLANARIA

Phylum Platyhelminthes Flatworms

Special Adaptations
One opening to digestive system, mouth&anus rely on diffusion to get oxygen eyespots to detect light move by cilia and body muscle reproduce asexually by fission & regeneration and sexually by being hermaphrodites, contain both male & female parts

Phylum Platyhelminthes Flatworms

The Good And the Bad

Free living flatworms often eat dead matter Flukes are parasitic flat worms Tapeworms, eat your digested food.

Schistosoma mansoni

Phylum Platyhelminthes Flatworms

For Example.

Parasitic Tapeworm Non-parasitic planaria

Parasitic Liver fluke

Phylum Nematoda

roundworms

Phylum Nematoda Roundworms

Basic Characteristics Symmetry: Bilateral
Carnivores, Parasites, Scavengers Habitat: Aquatic, terrestrial, within a host, very diverse Reproduction: Sexual (internal fertilization)

Phylum Nematoda Roundworms

Special Adaptations Two body openings, mouth & anus Pseudocoelom-false body cavity Diffusion carries nutrients and wastes

Phylum Nematoda Roundworms

The Good And the Bad Used in scientific research Phylum well know for parasite species Some parasite worms can clog blood vessels Other worms eat host digested food

Phylum Nematoda Roundworms

For Example. Hook worms Trichinosis Ascaris (Heartworms) C. Elegans

Phylum Annelida

segmented worms

Phylum Annelida segmented worms

Symmetry: Bilateral

Basic Characteristics

Feeding: Carnivores, Scavengers, Parasites, very diverse Habitat: Terrestrial and Aquatic

Reproduction: Mostly sexual (external fertilization for separate sexes), some species are hermaphroditic

Phylum Annelida segmented worms

Special Adaptations Well-developed nervous system (brain and nerve cords Coelom-first to have true body cavity Closed circulatory system-does not rely on diffusion Hydrostatic Skeleton-longitudinal and circular muscles

Phylum Annelida segmented worms

The Good And the Bad Decomposer, earthworms Medical uses, leeches Important part of food chain, terrestrial & aquatic

Phylum Annelida segmented worms

For Example. Earthworms Leeches Polychaetes, marines annelids

Germ Layers
Roundworms Segmented worms Flatworms

Pseudocoelomate
Ectoderm
Mesoderm

Coelomate

Acoelomate

Nervous system, epidermis of the skin, pituitary, lens of eye Muscles, skeleton, notochord, circulatory system, kidney, reproductive system Lining of digestive tract, liver, pancreas, epithelial lining of lungs, many endocrine glands

Endoderm

Phylum Mollusca

the mollusks

Phylum Mollusca soft body

Basic Characteristics
Bilateral Symmetry Herbivores, Carnivores, Filterfeeders, Scavengers, or Parasites

Aquatic and Terrestrial

Movement: Motile (very diverse ways, even jet propulsion!) Reproduction: Sexual (often external fertilization

Phylum Mollusca soft body

Special Adaptations
Gastropods
shell-less or single-shelled mollusks, use muscular foot to move ex: slugs, snails Respire through diffusion Have two shells held together by muscles Ex: clams, oysters, mussels Respire with gills

Bivalves:

Cephalopods Squids, Octopi, and Chambered Nautiluses Show very intelligent, learned behaviors Feet with suckers

Phylum Mollusca soft body

The Good And the Bad
Large food source for humans and other animals Live symbiotically with other organisms

Some are filter feeders, decomposers

Used in scientific research

Phylum Mollusca soft body

For Example. Clams Oysters Nautilus Snails, slugs Octopus Squid

Phylum Echinodermata spiny skin

Basic Characteristics
Radial Symmetry Carnivores and scavengers Marine

Motile, most use tube feet

Reproduction: Sexual (external fertilization)

Phylum Echinodermata spiny skin

Special Adaptations

Spiny skin Internal skeleton Water vascular system Tube feet (suction), used to pry open clams, oysters

Phylum Echinodermata spiny skin

The Good And the Bad Important in predator of urchins, clams Bio-indicators of marine life Crown-of-thorns, destroyed extensive areas of coral, especially the Great Barrier Reef

Phylum Echinodermata spiny skin

For Example. Sea Cucumbers Sea Urchins Brittle Star Sea Stars

Phylum Arthropoda

jointed appendages

Phylum Arthropoda jointed legs

Basic Characteristics
Bilateral Symmetry Herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores Aquatic and Terrestrial, VERY diverse habitats Motile, using well-developed groups of muscles Sexual Reproduction(internal and external fertilization) Open Circulatory System

Basic insect internal structure

HEAD THORAX ABDOMEN

ANTENNA

*Legs are always attached to thorax

Phylum Arthropoda jointed appendages

Special Adaptations

Exoskeleton of chitin, molting Jointed appendages Respiration: tracheal tubes, spiracles, book lungs Can taste and smell with mouthparts, antennae & legs Heightened sense of hearing and detecting movement Specialized mouthparts for eating almost anything Many can fly-have spread everywhere!

Phylum Arthropoda jointed appendages

The Good And the Bad Many insects cause damage
Termites, Lice Mosquitos(spread disease, malaria) Locusts

Many Insects contribute to life

Pollinate plants Produce honey, wax, silk Sometimes we eat them!

METAMORPHOSIS
Adult Adult Eggs

Nymph

Eggs Adult Incomplete Metamorphosis Nymph Pupa Larva Complete Metamorphosis Larva

Nymph Immature Adult

Phylum Arthropoda jointed appendages

For Example.
Spiders Horseshoe crabs Tarantulas

Ticks
Scorpions Insects Centipedes

Crustaceans Crabs Lobsters Shrimp Crayfish Barnacles

Millipedes
Beetles Flies Wasps