INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Romero Godoy Carlos Juan Manuel Hernndez Lpez Faustino Largo Soto Jorge Luis Vzquez Vera Jos Luis Medina Ortega Elas Quiroz Melndez

WHAT IS?

HISTORY

PHILIPPE LEBON

REV. W. CECIL

WILLIAM BARNETT

tienne Lenoir

Nicolaus August Otto

Rudolf Diesel

Main components of the internal combustion engine

Camshaft

Cylinder Head

Valves

Cylinders

Block or Monoblock

piston

crankshaft

Crankcase

Assembly of the main parts of an internal combustion engine

In the next picture can be seen as they are assembled each of the parts of an internal combustion engine.

0peration of an internal combustion engine

The engine is the mechanism which converts the chemical energy of fuels into mechanical energy by means of explosion generated inside it. There are 2-stroke and 4-stroke. 4 stroke engines are the most currently used in vehicles.

Differences between Otto and diesel cycle

 In Otto cycle to avoid detonation, it is ensured at any time during the loading occurs by compression ignition in diesel engines, however, it is producing, as soon as possible. In Otto cycle increasing compression ratio on the danger of detonation, in the Diesel engine diminishes, because increasing the temperature of the compression end, the ignition delay decreases. Diesel engines require much air for combustion to compensate the poor mixing conditions and within certain limits as combustion is better the higher the air excess fuel

First time: Admission

At this time the intake valve is open and the piston, in your career or downward movement is creating a vacuum within the combustion chamber as it reaches the PMI (bottom dead center).

Second time : Compression

Once the piston reaches BDC (bottom dead center), the cam shaft, which rotates synchronously with the crankshaft and which has remained open until the moment the inlet valve to allow the air-fuel mixture enters the cylinder, closes.

Third time: Explosion

Once the cylinder reaches TDC (top dead center) and the air-fuel mixture has reached the maximum compression, an electrical spark jumps the spark plug electrode, which ignites the mixture and make it explode.

Fourth time: Escape

The piston, which is now back in the PMI occurred after the time of explosion, begins to rise. The cam shaft, which is kept rotating synchronously with the crankshaft then opens the exhaust valve and the gas accumulated in the cylinder to the atmosphere leaving.

ENGINE TYPES

Otto engine
There are two types of 4T and 2T. Have an average yield of 20 to 25%. Operation: 1.- Time of admission. 2.- Time Compression. 3.- Burning time. 4.- Exhaust time.

DIESEL ENGINE

Its combustion is at constant volume. The majority are 4T cycle, The bigs engines are of 2T.

Wankel engine
Uses a triangular-lobe rotor in an oval-shaped chamber instead of a piston and cylinder.

Engine 4 cylinder
Mounted longitudinally or transversely, with vertical cylinders and pistons, or even partially inclined or horizontal. Is the configuration used in most cars up to 2.2 liters.

Engine 6 Cylinder

6 cylinders are in two banks of three cylinders each. These at the bottom, forming a "V.

Engine V12

Has two banks of six cylinders each with character and common crankshaft. with an aperture of 60 and 120 between them.

Additional Systems

Cooling system
We find two common types of cooling systems: Air cooling

Water cooling

Air cooling system

Applications

Water cooling system

Electric system

Fuel Injection

Fuel system

2T Motors

Smallest Size Application on small thinks

4T Motors

Type of Motors

More used More powerful than T2

Diesel Motors

More power Heavy Machines

Wankel Motors

Rotatory Slow vibration Short Duration

Application of 2T Motor

Outboard Motor

Motorcycles and Go-Kars

Gardening Tools

Application of 4T Motor

Cars and Trucks

Electric Generators

Big size Motorcycles

Application of Motor Diesel

Heavy Machine

Heavy Trucks

Boats

Agricultural Machinery

Application of Wankel Motor

Mazda Car

Prototype Motorcycle

Prototype car

Thank you !