They are inert outside the host cell and multiply only in host cell so they are called obligatory parasite.
Characteristics of Virus
They can reproduce in large amount They may have different enzymes like riboflavin and different vitamin like biotin They have DNA or RNA which helps to transmit genetic character in its offspring
Mode of transmission
Virus can be transmitted from different modes like: Air Water Food Droplet infection
Bacteriophage
Common cold
Mode of transmission: Air (Droplet of infection) Virus: Rhino Virus (RNA virus) Symptoms: Sneezing fluent flow of water from nose Headache and fever Preventive measures: Rest and get protect from cold environment Cover nose while sneezing, avoid exposure with infected person
Mump
Virus: Paramyxo (RNA) attacts parotid glad Mode of transmission: droplets during sneezing, coughing Symptoms: Pain and swelling around neck and ear Fever (irregular) Swelling of parotid gland which may lead to sterile in male Preventive measures: safety measures not to spread discharges during sneezing and coughing
Measles
Virus: Paramyxo (RNA) (Usually attacks children) Mode of transmission: droplets during sneezing, coughing Symptoms: High Fever (irregular) Small pink colored rashes on skin Pain in throat Hard to see on sunlight Preventive measures: safety measures not to spread discharges during sneezing and coughing Safety measure: Polio vaccination
Rabies
Virus: Polio virus (RNA) Mode of transmission: Saliva of infected animals like dog, fox Symptoms: Hydrophobia Headache Restless Preventive measures: Vaccination to domestic pets Safety measure: Vaccination
Worksheet
Explain why virus is considered the borderline of living and non-living. Why is virus called obligatory parasite? How are virus transmitted? What is the study of virus called? Draw a well-labeled diagram of bacteriophage. What is a capsid? Define vaccine. What is the best preventive measure against virus? Can virus be grown on artificial medium? Why? What will you find if you open a virus? Name 2 RNA and 2 DNA virus. AIDS does not kill but help other diseases. Justify the statement. Name the virus causing rabies. Why is it also called hydrophobia? A person suffering from polio may have paralysis. Why? Identify the disease with following symptoms, also mention the causative agentSwelling of parotid glands and testes. High fever, sore throat and red rashes 11. What are the preventive measures of- a) AIDS b) common cold 12. Name the first discovered virus. 13. Write full forms of a. AIDS b. TMV c. HIV