Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is Internet-based computing, whereby shared resources, software, and information are provided to customers on demand.
It is considered as the 5th generation of computing after after Mainframe, Personal Computer, Client-Server Computing, and the web.

istory

The underlying concept of cloud computing dates back to the 1960s, when John McCarthy said that "computation may someday be organized as a public utility." Douglas Parkhill's in1966 explored all the modern-day characteristics of cloud computing. He even compared cloud computing with the electricity industry, in his book The Challenge of the Computer Utility, Amazon played a key role in the development of cloud computing by modernizing their data centres and by providing cloud computing to external customers, and launched Amazon Web Service on utility computing basis in 2006. In 2007, even companies like Google, IBM and a number of universities realized its importance.

Characteristics

Generally, cloud computing customers do not own the physical infrastructure. They consume resources as a service and pay only for resources that they use. Sharing computing power among multiple tenants can improve utilization of resources as servers are not unnecessarily left idle. The cloud is becoming increasingly associated with small and medium enterprises as in many cases they cannot justify or afford the large capital expenditure of traditional IT. With cloud computing, you eliminate those headaches because youre not managing hardware and software.

IT Vision

Organization
Improve Productivity & Innovation

Operations
Improve Efficiency

Infrastructure
Reduce Cost

Why Cloud Computing

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Flexibility It allows users to rapidly and inexpensively re-provision technological infrastructure resources. Cost It greatly reduces capital expenditure as it is based on operational expenditure. Device and location independence It enable users to access systems using a web browser regardless of their location or what device they are using (e.g., PC, mobile). As infrastructure is off-site and accessed via the Internet. Sharing of resources

Centralization of infrastructure in locations with lower costs (such as real estate, electricity, etc.) Peak-load capacity increases

Utilization and efficiency improvements for systems.

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Reliability It is improved if multiple redundant sites are used, which makes well designed cloud computing suitable for business continuity and disaster recovery. Security Security could improve due to centralization of data, increased security-focused resources, etc., Security is often as good as or better than under traditional systems, in part because providers are able to devote resources to solving security issues that many customers cannot afford. Maintenance Maintenance of cloud computing applications is easier, since they don't have to be installed on each user's computer. They are easier to support and to improve since the changes reach the clients instantly.

Cloud storage

Cloud storage is a model of networked online storage where data is stored on multiple virtual servers, generally hosted by third parties, rather than being hosted on dedicated servers. Cloud storage services may be accessed through a web service application, or through a Web-based user interface.

Layers
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Application (SaaS) Cloud application services or "Software as a Service (SaaS)" deliver software as a service over the Internet, eliminating the need to install and run the application on the customer's own computers. It simplifying maintenance and support. It enabling customers to access applications remotely via the Web.

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Platform(PaaS)
Cloud platform services or "Platform as a Service (PaaS)" deliver a computing platform . It act as a connecting link. It facilitates deployment of applications without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware and software layers. Examples of Paas are Microsoft Windows Azure ,Google App Engine.

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Infrastructure(IaaS)

Cloud infrastructure services, also known as "Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)", delivers computer infrastructure - typically a platform virtualization environment - as a service. Rather than purchasing servers, software, datacentre space or network equipment, clients instead buy those resources as a fully outsourced service. Suppliers typically bill such services on a utility computing basis and amount of resources consumed (and therefore the cost) will typically

Deployment models
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Public cloud Public cloud or external cloud describes cloud computing in the traditional main stream sense, whereby resources are dynamically provisioned on a fine-grained, self-service basis over the Internet, via web applications/web services, from an off-site third-party provider who bills on a fine-grained utility computing basis. Community cloud A community cloud may be established where several organizations have similar requirements and seek to share infrastructure so as to realize some of the benefits of cloud computing.

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Hybrid cloud

A Hybrid cloud environment consisting of multiple internal and/or external providers. By integrating multiple cloud services users may be able to ease the transition to public cloud services. Hybrid cloud can also be defined as combination of public and community cloud. Hybrid clouds are often used in real time performance. A hybrid storage cloud uses a combination of public and private storage clouds. Hybrid storage clouds are often useful for archiving and backup functions, allowing local data to be replicated to a public cloud.

Advantages
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Reduced cost
Companies need only pay for the storage they actually use. Companies do not need to install physical storage devices in their own data center or offices, which reduces IT and hosting costs. Storage maintenance tasks, such as backup, data replication, and purchasing additional storage devices are offloaded to the responsibility of a service provider, allowing organizations to focus on their core business.

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Scalability
You can grow or shrink as per your demands.

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Instant
Computing power is there when you need it. You just have to turn it on whatever you need is instantly available on cloud. And if the need goes down you can turn it off.

Issues
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Security The relative security of cloud computing services is a contentious issue which may be delaying its adoption. Depending on third-party to ensure the security and confidentiality of data and information. Sensitive information and data cannot be handed over to third party. Now a days, advanced security is provided by many vendors, but still it will take at least 5 years to provide high quality security.

2. Performance In addition to

concerns about security, businesses are also worried about acceptable levels of performance of applications hosted in the cloud.

3. Availability There are also

concerns about a cloud provider shutting down for financial or legal reasons, which has happened in a number of cases. Lost control comes with handing over your data and information. If your cloud host disappears, where does your information go?

Thank You