Influence Line Diagrams-II

Theory of Structures - I

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Contents

Qualitative Influence Lines Influence lines for Girders

Influence Lines for Trusses

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Qualitative Influence Lines

In 1886, Heinrich Muller-Breslau developed a technique for rapidly constructing influence lines. It states the influence line for a function (reaction, shear or moment) is to be the same scale as the deflected shape of the beam when the beam is acted upon by that function
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In order to draw deflected shape properly, the capacity of the beam to resist the applied function must be removed so the beam can deflect when the function is applied.
REACTION
A Ay Ay

A
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Influence line for Ay

SHEAR
C

Vc
Deflected Shape

Vc

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MOMENT
C

Deflected Shape

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Proof: Reaction
Work = Force . Displacement = Moment . Rotational displacement

Ay y 1. y ' 0

y 1;
Ay y '
1 y C A
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1 y C Ay
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SHEAR
C

Vc y 1. y ' 0

y 1;
Vc y '

Vc

1 y

Vc
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MOMENT
1

M c 1. y ' 0

1; Mc y'

Mc Deflected Shape Mc 1 y

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Example 6-9

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Practice Problems

Example 6-9 to 6-12 Chapter 6

Structural Analysis by R C Hibbeler

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Influence Lines for Girders

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Unit load on the slab is transferred to the girder only at points where it is in contact with the floor beams. A, B, C and D are panel points and the region between these points is known as panel.

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M P F1d FB (d s) VP F1 FB
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Moment will depend on where the point p is located but shear will remain same in the whole panel. Influence line for shear in floor girders are specified for panels in the girder and not specific points along the girder. Shear is referred to panel shear.

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Since the girder is affected only by the loadings transmitted by the floor beams, the unit load is generally placed at each floorbeam location to establish the necessary data used to draw the influence line.

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Example 6-13

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x 0 10 20 30 40

VCD 0.333 0 -0.333 0.333 0

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Practice Problems

Example 6-13 to 6-14 Chapter 6

Structural Analysis by R C Hibbeler

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Truss
sway bracing top lateral bracing deck top cord

portal bracing stringers portal end post

bottom cord
panel

floor beam

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Example 6-15

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x
0 10 20 30 40

FGB
0 0.354 -0.707 -0.354 0

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Practice Problems

Example 6-15 to 6-17 Chapter 6

Structural Analysis by R C Hibbeler

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