Investigating the Performance of a Fuel Cell Based Distributed Generation System

Presented by

Under the esteemed guidance of

A.Arunchand
10G01D5401

K.Sudharshan.,M.Tech.,
Asst professor, Dept of EEE.

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

sri venkatesa perumal college of engineering & technology an iso 9001:2000 certified institute(affiliated to j.n.t.u, anantapur, approved by aicte, new delhi) rvs nagar, puttur 517 583. 2010-2011

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Objective
Design the fuel cell based distributed generation system

It objective being to regulate the input fuel flow in order

to meet a desirable output power demand

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Introduction
Present existing system has disadvantages In this technique source is fuel cell

This technique can over come these problems

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Basic proposed model of FCDG system

Fig 1. block diagram of modeling and control of a grid connected pem fuel cell

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FUEL CELL
Fuel Cells are electrochemical devices that convert

the chemical energy of reaction directly into electrical energy

The fuel cell operates with a low voltage in a wide

voltage range (25V-45V)the is voltage must be transformed to around 350-400V in order to invert this dc power into ac power to the grid

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Types of fuel cell

proton exchange membrane (pem): molten carbonate solid oxide

alkaline
phosphoric acid direct methanol (a subset of pem)
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Basic PEM fuel cell

Anode: 2H2 => 4H+ + 4e-

Cathode: O2 + 4H+ + 4e- => 2H2O

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pem fuel cell modeling

Make some assumptions

One-dimensional treatment Ideal and uniformly distributed gases Constant pressures in the fuel-cell gas flow

channels

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Mathematical equation representation in pem FC

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pem fuel cell output equation

without loses

with loses
N

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Block diagram of FCDG system

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Fig 2. fuel cell distributed generating system

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DC-DC boost converter

Fig 3. DC-DC boost converter

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Operation of boost converter

Fig 4. Switch is in ON State

Fig 4. Switch is in OFF State

The output voltage Vo is directly proportional to the

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duty cycle D at the same input voltage

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PWM for boost converter

The output voltage can be
controlled

The

control signal is compared with a saw tooth signal such that if the control signal is higher than the saw tooth waveform
Fig 5. Control Circuit Waveforms for PWM

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DC/DC converter control Circuit

Fig 6. Block diagram of a DC/DC converter control Circuit

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The three-phase voltage source inverter

Fig 7. the main circuit of the three-phase voltage source inverter

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PWM Techniques
Sinusoidal PWM

Third-harmonic PWM
60 PWM Space vector modulation

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Fig 8. The triangular voltage waveform and three sinusoidal control voltages EEE DEPT , SVPCET 12/12/2012

DC/AC inverter control Circuit

Fig 9. DC/AC inverter control Circuit 18 EEE DEPT , SVPCET 12/12/2012

LC filter circuit
The inverter output contains a large amount of harmonics and to reduce these harmonics Both L and C and the input dc voltage should be

chosen so that the following equation is satisfied

between the dc side and ac side voltages of the inverter

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Practical cases
1. 2. 3. 4.

Heavy loading condition Sudden increase in load Operation under unbalanced load Switching a load of 10 KW with PF = 0.5

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Conclusion
This paper has presented an overall evaluation of a

100 KW FCDG system

All 3-phase voltages are simulated and verified to be

controllable at 1.0 unbalanced loads

p.u.

under

balanced

or

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Zhe, Joseph M. Guerrero and Fred Blaabjerg (2009 ),Fuel cell based generating system , IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, Vol. 24, No.8, pp.1859-1875.

Willkie J., Leithead W.E. and Anderson C. (1990),PWM technique for DC-DC BOOST CONVERTER, Vol. 13, No. 4,pp. 134-142.

Muller.S, Deicke.M and De Doncker.R.W (2001), pwm technique for dc-ac inverter, IEEE Trans.on Industry Applications Magizine, vol.8, No.3, pp.26-33

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Thank you..
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