Pembelahan Sel II : Meiosis

Reproduksi Seksual : Meiosis

Tjd pada sel gamet ( sel ovum & sel sperma)

Meiosis mereduksi jumlah kromosom dr diploid menjadi haploid

Pembelahan sel tjd 2 kali 4 sel anak memiliki kromosom setengah dr sel induk

Meiosis 1
Saat tjd pembelahan pertama (meiosis 1), kromosom homolog berpasangan

Selama kromosom homolog b'pasangan terjadi pertukaran genetik (CROSS OVER)

Pasangan kromosom homolog b'pisah & menghasilkan 2 sel anak

Meiosis 1
MEIOSIS I: Homologous chromosomes separate

INTERPHASE
Centrosomes (with centriole pairs)

PROPHASE I

METAPHASE I
Microtubules attached to kinetochore

ANAPHASE I

Sites of crossing over Spindle

Metaphase plate

Sister chromatids remain attached

Nuclear envelope

Chromatin

Sister chromatids

Tetrad

Centromere (with kinetochore)

Homologous chromosomes separate

Meiosis II
Meiosis 2 pada intinya sama dengan mitosis:

Sister kromatid pada masing2 kromosom b'pisah

Menghasilkan 4 sel anak yg haploid

Meiosis II
MEIOSIS II: Sister chromatids separate TELOPHASE I AND CYTOKINESIS PROPHASE II METAPHASE II ANAPHASE II TELOPHASE II AND CYTOKINESIS

Cleavage furrow

Sister chromatids separate

Haploid daughter cells forming

Review: Perbandingan Mitosis & Meiosis

MITOSIS PARENT CELL (before chromosome replication) PROPHASE Duplicated chromosome (two sister chromatids) Chromosome replication 2n = 4 Chromosome replication MEIOSIS Site of crossing over MEIOSIS I PROPHASE I Tetrad formed by synapsis of homologous chromosomes

METAPHASE

Chromosomes align at the metaphase plate

Tetrads align at the metaphase plate

METAPHASE I

ANAPHASE TELOPHASE

Sister chromatids separate during anaphase

Homologous chromosomes separate during anaphase I; sister chromatids remain together

ANAPHASE I TELOPHASE I

Haploid n=2 Daughter cells of meiosis I

2n Daughter cells of mitosis

2n

No further MEIOSIS II chromosomal replication; sister chromatids separate during n n n n anaphase II Daughter cells of meiosis II

Figure 8.15

Review: Perbandingan Mitosis & Meiosis

Kejadian
Replikasi DNA

Mitosis
Tjd 1 kali selama interfase sblm pembelahan nukleus dimulai 1 kali : Profase, metafase, anafase & telofase Tidak terjadi

Meiosis
Tjd 1 kali selama interfase sblm meiosis 1 dimulai 2 kali, masing2 tmsk Profase, metafase, anafase & telofase Tjd pd profase 1: kromosom homolog bergabung m'btk tetrad (kel.4 kromatid), tjd pindah silang (cross over) 4, haploid, mengandung separuh jumlah kromosom sel induk, tdk identik dgn sel induk M'hsl gamet , mengurangi jumlah kromosom separuh nya & tjd variabilitas genetik diantara gamet

Jumlah pembelahan Sinapsis kromosom homolog

Jumlah sel anak & komposisi genetik Peran dlm tubuh

2, masing2 diploid (2n), identik dgn sel indul Mjd organisme dewasa multiseluler, m'hsl sel utk pertumbuhan & perbaikan jaringan

MEIOSIS PADA MANUSIA

GOOD LUCK & ENJOY YOUR STUDY