Fluent Gambit

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com
Introductory GAMBIT Notes GAMBIT v2.1 Jul 2003
Creating Geometry in GAMBIT
2-1
Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012
Fluent User Services Center www.fluentusers.com
Preliminaries-1
Objective:
Create and mesh the fluid region for flow problems and solid regions for heat transfer (and structural analysis for Fidap Users). Typically accomplished by constructing and working with lower order entity objects and volume primitives. Vertex - a point Edge - a curve that is defined by at least 1 vertex (in the case of 1 vertex, the edge forms a loop) Face - a surface (not necessarily planar) bounded by at least 1 edge (except for sphere and torus) Volume - a geometric solid (as in a solids model), also can be thought of as an "air tight" set of bounding faces.
Terminology:

Lowest order entity
Highest order entity
2-2
Preliminaries-2
Color Identification
Vertices and Edges are colored according to the highest order entity to which they are connected. The coloring scheme is:

Vertex (white) Edge (yellow) Face (light blue) Volume (green)
Undo/Redo:
10 levels of undo by default.

Undoes geometry, meshing, and zoning commands. Description window provides command to be undone when mouse is passed over undo button.
Left click to execute visible button operation. Right click to access options.
2-3 Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012
General Operations: Coordinate System
Coordinate system
Cartesian, Cylindrical and Spherical systems
Using Offset/Angle or Vertices for location/orientation
"Active" coordinate system is default in all forms Grid creation with "snapping" of vertices -Recommended for simple geometries only Creation of rulers
2-4
General Operations: Move/Copy
Move/Copy
Operations:
Translate: (inputs are Ds)

(x,y,z)
Rotate:
Vector
Angle
Reflect:
Scale:
Plane normal to vector
Vector
Options:

Connected geometry can also be Moved Mesh and/or Zone types can be copied linked or unlinked
2-5 Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012
General Operations: Vector Definition Form
Vector Definition form
is used in:

Rotate and Reflect (in Move/Copy) Sweep and Revolve (in Face/Volume Create) Coordinate system axis Two existing vertices An existing Edge Two points defined by coordinates Screen View
Methods:

Magnitude option allows size of vector to be defined.
2-6
General Operations: Align
Align
Align is an alternative to Move - translate (+rotate).
It uses vertices on the start and final position to move the object
Method of increased alignment with the use of vertex-pairs Connected geometry can be included
3 +
1 +
1 + + 2
Translation 3 + ++
Rotation +
Plane alignment +
+ 2
2-7
General Operations: Connect
Connect (Real)
Vertices, Edges and Faces can be connected The operation eliminates all duplicate entities and reconnects upper topology Only entities within the ACIS tolerance will be connected Existing mesh will be preserved
Copy +Translate One Face
Connect Edges Two Edges One Edge
2-8
General Operations: Disconnect
Disconnect (Real)
Vertices, Edges and Faces can be disconnected The operation recreates duplicate entities and reconnects upper topology Several options exists
Disconnect Edge + Vertices
One Edge
Two Edges
2-9
General Operations: Delete
Delete
Select Lower Geometry (default)

Deletes Faces Deletes Lower Geometry: Edges and Vertices
Deselect Lower Geometry

Deletes Faces Does NOT delete Lower Geometry: Edges and Vertices
2-10
Example: Deleting Entities that belong to higher order Entities
Incorrect: Attempt to delete Face (of a Volume)
The selected face can NOT be deleted because it is connected to a volume.
Correct: Delete Volume (deselect Lower Geometry)
Volume is deleted. Faces, Edges and Vertices are not deleted. Any of the six faces can be deleted
2-11 Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012
General Operations: Misc.
Summarize/Query/Total
Summary of vertex coordinates,lower topology, mesh information, element/node labels, etc. Checks for valid ACIS geometry Query: useful to associate geometrical objects with object names Get total number of Entities
Modify Color/Label
Modify entity colors Change entity label
2-12
Geometry Creation
ACIS - geometry engine ("kernel")
Provides tools for bottom-up creation by:

Vertex: Edge: Face: Volume:
Add, Grid Snap, etc. Line, Arc, Ellipse, Fillet, B-spline, etc. Wire Frame, Sweep, Net, etc. Wire Frame, Sweep, Face Stitch, etc.
Provides tools for top-down creation by

Face Primitives: Volume Primitives: Volume/Face Booleans: Volume/Face Decompose:
Rectangle, Circle, Ellipse Brick, Cylinder, Sphere, etc. Unite, Subtract, Intersect Split
Geometry creation typically involves use of all tools.
2-13
"Bottom Up": Vertex Creation-1
Real Vertex creation

By coordinates

Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems Also available in virtual geometry If the intention is to split the edge, the Edge-Split form should be used instead Useful to create edges on surface for a virtual split Not frequently used Vertex is not connected to either edge Split edge with vertex for connectivity
On edge
On face
In volumes
At edge-edge intersections

2-14
"Bottom Up": Vertex Creation-2

Import point data, File File format:
ICEM Input
npc nc x1 y1 z1 x2 y2 z2 : xn yn zn
Where:
n = npc* nc npc nc xi yi zi
is the total number of points is the number of points per curve is the number of curves are real or integer vertex coordinates
Vertex Data
Format is similar, curve information is not needed
2-15
"Bottom Up": Edge Creation-1
Real Edge creation

Straight line
Multiple edges can be created by selecting multiple vertices.
Arc,

Circle
Face create counterparts available Creation Methods

Three vertices on the edge Using Center and End-points Using Radius and Start/End Angles (Arc Only)
2-16
Real Edge creation

Elliptical Arc
Created by three vertices

Start Angle Center Vertex
Major Vertex + On Edge Vertex +
+ End Angle
Conic Arc
Created by three vertices

Shoulder Vertex + Start Vertex
+ End Vertex +
2-17
Real Edge creation

Fillet Arc
Creates a fillet out of a corner

+
Edge 1
+ +
Radius
Edge 2
NURBS

Third-order by default Use tolerance for the approximate option
2-18
Real Edge creation

Revolve Vertex
Select one or more vertices to rotate Specify Angle Axis is defined using Vector Definition Panel Input Height for Spiral creation
Project Edge on Surface
Limited to single edge and face Direction defined in Vector Definition Panel
2-19
"Bottom Up": Face Creation-1
Real Face creation

Wire Frame

Creates real and virtual faces All edges have to be connected into one loop Number of edges and order of picking are not important If all edges are co-planar creation is always successful For non-coplanar edges:

The number of edges has to be 3 or 4 Edges cannot have the same tangent at the connecting vertex
create real face by wire frame
co-planar edges
real face
2-20
"Bottom Up": Face Creation-2
Real Face creation

Parallelogram
+ + + ++ +++ +
+ +
defined by three vertices

Selection order is important. 5 or more vertices must be coplanar. Tolerance input Topologically parallel edges Edges have to be picked in order Both ends of all edges can coincide
Polygon

++ +++
Vertex rows
Skin

+++ + +++ +
+++ + +++ +
Net
Topologically intersecting edges

2-21 Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012
"Bottom Up": Face Creation with Revolve
Real Face creation

Revolve (With or without mesh)
Using an edge, an angle and a revolving vector Use vectors for definition of the axis of revolution Basic edge can coincide with axis
axis of revolution
2-22
"Bottom Up": Face Creation with Sweep
Real Face Creation: Sweep (with or without mesh)
Rigid sweep
Edge translated along sweep path without being rotated

Angle edge makes with sweep path is maintained as edge swept along path
Perpendicular sweep: Draft and Twist option
Be careful not to create degenerate faces
Sweep path start tangent vector parallel to edge tangent

Rigid Rigid Edge Perpendicular Draft: Angle=0 Perpendicular Draft: Angle = - 30, 0, 30 Perpendicular Twist: Angle = 120
Path Edge
2-23
Path
Face Primitives
Face Primitives
Dimensions and Plane/Direction must be specified Rectangles Circles Ellipses
2-24
"Bottom Up": Volume Creation-1
Real Volume creation

Stitch
Create volumes out of connected faces
If a few faces are missing, GAMBIT automatically finds the missing faces ten connected faces one volume
Available in virtual geometry Order of picking not essential Voids not allowed
Revolve (With or without mesh)
Using a face, a revolving vector and an angle Use edges or vectors for definition of the axis of revolution
axis of
revolution
2-25
"Bottom Up": Volume Creation-2
Real Volume creation

Wire Frame

Create volumes from connected curves Number of edges and order of picking is not important Voids and seamless volumes and faces cannot be created Same limitation as face wire frame creation, for each face
36 connected edges
one volume
2-26
"Bottom Up": Volume Creation with Sweep
Real Volume Creation: Sweep (with or without mesh)
Rigid sweep
Edge translated along sweep path without being rotated Angle edge makes with sweep path is maintained as edge swept along path Sweep path start tangent vector perpendicular to a face normal Rigid Perpendicular Draft: Angle=0 Perpendicular Twist: Angle = 60
Perpendicular sweep: Draft and Twist option
Be careful not to create degenerate volumes
Path Face
2-27
Face Path
Volume Primitives-1
Real Volume Primitives

Brick

Width (X), Depth (Y) and Height (Z) The Width (X) value is used for Y and Z if no other input is given. 10 different preset positions (each octant plus center)
Cylinder and
Frustum
Height and two cross-sectional radii (3rd radius for frustum) The Radius 1 value is used for remaining radii if no other radius input is given. 9 different preset directions (three in each axis)
2-28
Volume Primitives-2
Real Volume Primitives

Prism and
Pyramid
Corresponding to input of cylinder and frustum Number of sides 9 different preset directions (three in each axis)
Sphere - only one radius

Torus

Major and cross-sectional radii Three axis locations
2-29
Boolean Operations: Unite
Real Face/Volume Boolean Unites

The order of picking is not important (except for labeling) Retain - keeps copies of the entities Unite Faces
All faces must be coplanar or have matching tangents.

A B
A+B
Unite Volumes
A B A+B
2-30
Boolean Operations: Subtract
Real Face/Volume Boolean Subtract

The order of picking is important Retain - keeps copies of entities Subtract Faces
All faces have to be coplanar

A
A- B
B-A
Multiple entities can be entered in second list box.
Subtract Volumes
A B A-B A B B-A
2-31
Boolean Operations: Intersection
Real Face/Volume Boolean Intersect

The order of picking is not important (except for labeling) Retain - keeps copies of entities. All entities must intersect each other. Intersect Faces
All faces have to be coplanar

A B
Intersect Volumes
A B
2-32
Geometry Splitting- Edges
The Split Operation: Employs the intersection of two geometric entities to divide one or both objects into two or more pieces.
Useful for decomposing complicated geometries into smaller, simpler ones. Split an edge into two or more edges Resulting edges are, by default, connected. Edges can be split with:
Edge Split

Point - specify U Value between 0 and 1 where edge will be split.
Use 0.5 to split edge in half.
Vertex - must already be created. Edge

Must already be created Bi-directional option results in both edges being split at point(s) of intersection.
2-33
Geometry Splitting- Faces
"Target Object"
Real Face Boolean Split

The order of picking is important Faces do not need to be coplanar example: coplanar face splits
Split A with B Two Faces Split B with A Three Faces Bidirectional split
"Tool"
In general, for all splits (edges, faces, volumes):
"Tool" entities are, by default, deleted after split is performed Retain option prevents Tool entities from being deleted. By default, resulting objects are connected.
2-34 Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012
Geometry Splitting- Volumes
Real Volume Boolean Split
"Target" Object
The order of picking is important
Volume/Volume splits
A
B Split A with B two volumes B Split B with A two volumes A
"Tool"
Volume/Face splits
Bidirectional Split two volumes three volumes

2-35 Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012
Split vs. Subtract
The appropriate operation to use can depend upon final geometry required.
Subtract
Start with two disconnected cylinders
Cut-away shows one volume results

Cannot mesh core region Flow/Heat Transfer in annular region only
Split
Two connected volumes result
Cut-away shows that both annular and core regions can be meshed. Flow/Heat Transfer possible in both regions
Subtract + Retain "Tool" (inner cylinder)

Two disconnected volumes result, appears same as split Duplicate faces appear at interface

Non-conformal mesh can result Useful for multiple reference frame problem (Fluent)
2-36 Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012
Bidirectional Split vs. Unite
The appropriate operation to use can depend upon the need to create additional surfaces for:
defining boundary conditions controlling meshing distribution
Unite
BiDirectional Split
Unite

One volume results Cut-away shows no interior faces
Start with two disconnected cylinders
Bidirectional split

Three connected volumes result Cut-away shows multiple interior faces which can be used to: define internal boundaries help control mesh distribution in volume Total represented volume is the same
2-37 Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012
Boolean Characteristics: Imprinting
Uniting Connected Volumes Results in Imprinting

Volume.1
Unite A with B
Volume.2: face contains an imprint of the cylinder
A and C are connected cubes, B is a cylinder inside both
2-38
Volume Blends
Real Volume Blends

Blend - create fillet/rounded edges

Pick a volume Pick the edges that need a blend and specify radius Pick vertex (if needed) and specify radius using the Setback option Bulge option is not recommended for hexahedral meshing
Bulge option
Setback option
2-39

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Fluent User Services Center www.fluentusers.

Introductory GAMBIT Notes GAMBIT v2.1 Jul 2003

Creating Geometry in GAMBIT

Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012

Fluent User Services Center www.fluentusers.com

Introductory GAMBIT Notes GAMBIT v2.1 Jul 2003

Lowest order entity

Highest order entity

Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012

Fluent User Services Center www.fluentusers.com

Introductory GAMBIT Notes GAMBIT v2.1 Jul 2003

Vertex (white) Edge (yellow) Face (light blue) Volume (green)

10 levels of undo by default.

Fluent User Services Center www.fluentusers.com

Introductory GAMBIT Notes GAMBIT v2.1 Jul 2003

General Operations: Coordinate System

Using Offset/Angle or Vertices for location/orientation

Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012

Fluent User Services Center www.fluentusers.com

Introductory GAMBIT Notes GAMBIT v2.1 Jul 2003

General Operations: Move/Copy

Translate: (inputs are Ds)

Plane normal to vector

Fluent User Services Center www.fluentusers.com

Introductory GAMBIT Notes GAMBIT v2.1 Jul 2003

General Operations: Vector Definition Form

Vector Definition form

Magnitude option allows size of vector to be defined.

Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012

Fluent User Services Center www.fluentusers.com

Introductory GAMBIT Notes GAMBIT v2.1 Jul 2003

General Operations: Align

Align is an alternative to Move - translate (+rotate).

Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012

Fluent User Services Center www.fluentusers.com

Introductory GAMBIT Notes GAMBIT v2.1 Jul 2003

General Operations: Connect

Connect Edges Two Edges One Edge

Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012

Fluent User Services Center www.fluentusers.com

Introductory GAMBIT Notes GAMBIT v2.1 Jul 2003

General Operations: Disconnect

Disconnect Edge + Vertices

Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012

Fluent User Services Center www.fluentusers.com

Introductory GAMBIT Notes GAMBIT v2.1 Jul 2003

General Operations: Delete

Select Lower Geometry (default)

Deletes Faces Deletes Lower Geometry: Edges and Vertices

Deselect Lower Geometry

Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012

Fluent User Services Center www.fluentusers.com

Introductory GAMBIT Notes GAMBIT v2.1 Jul 2003

Example: Deleting Entities that belong to higher order Entities

Incorrect: Attempt to delete Face (of a Volume)

The selected face can NOT be deleted because it is connected to a volume.

Correct: Delete Volume (deselect Lower Geometry)

Fluent User Services Center www.fluentusers.com

Introductory GAMBIT Notes GAMBIT v2.1 Jul 2003

General Operations: Misc.

Fluent Inc. 12/28/2012

Fluent User Services Center www.fluentusers.com

Introductory GAMBIT Notes GAMBIT v2.1 Jul 2003