DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

DIGITAL IMAGE FUNDAMENTALS

Digital image Definition Elements of Visual Perception Image Sensing & Acquisition Parameters

Radiance Luminance Brightness RGB CMYK HSI

Color models

DIGITAL IMAGE FUNDAMENTALS

Image Sampling-2D Sampling 2D Convolution Quantization Image Transformations

Discrete Fourier Transform Discrete Cosine Transform KL Transform Singular Value Decomposition

IMAGE ENHANCEMENT
Pixel/Point Transformations

Contrast Stretching
Thresholding Digital Negative Intensity Slicing Bit Plane Slicing Log & Power Law Transformations

IMAGE ENHANCEMENT

Histograms

Histogram Equalization Histogram Specification

By operators Spatial Filtering

Local Enhancement

Smoothing Filters

Linear filters Non Linear filters 1st order derivative Gradient 2nd order derivative - Laplacian

Sharpening Filters

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Filtering in Frequency Domain

LPF & HPF

Ideal Filters Butterworth Filters Gaussian Filters

Laplacian in Frequency Domain High Boost Filtering Homomorphic Filtering Objective Criteria MSE, SNR, Power SNR Subjective Criteria

Evaluation of Enhanced Image

IMAGE RESTORATION

Degradation & Restoration Model Noise models Restoration by Filtering

Mean Filters Order Statistic Filters Adaptive Filters Frequency Domain Filtering 1D Model 2D Model

Degradation Function

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Unconstrained Restoration

Inverse Filtering Pseudo Inverse Filtering

Wiener Filters

Constrained Restoration

Constrained Least Square Filtering Geometric Transformations Gray Level Interpolations Evaluation of Restored Image

Blur SNR Improvement in SNR

IMAGE SEGMENTATION

Discontinuity Approach

Point Detection Line Detection Edge Detection

Ramp Model Gradient & Laplacian based methods Laplacian of Gaussian Local Edge Linking Global Edge Linking

Edge Linking

Hough Transform

IMAGE SEGMENTATION

Similarity Approach

Thresholding

Statistical Approach Histogram based Approach

Region Based Segmentation

Region Growing Region Splitting & Merging

Water Shed Algorithm

Water Shed Transformation Dam Construction

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The Need for Image Compression Compression Algorithms

Lossless Compression Lossy Compression

Compression Algorithms

Transformation based Coding based

Coding Redundancy Interpixel Redundancy Psychovisual Redundancy

Data Redundancies

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Fidelity Criteria

Objective Analysis : Error, RMS Error, SNR Subjective Analysis Entropy & Mutual Information

Image Compression Model Lossless Compression Coding

Run Length Coding Huffman Coding Shannon-Fano Coding Bit plane Coding Arithmetic codes

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Shift Codes Predictive Codes

Lossless Predictive Codes Lossy Predictive Codes

Vector Quantization JPEG MPEG