BIBHU PRASAD SARANGI REGD NO--0901214210 BRNACH-ELECTRICAL ENGGINEERING KONARK INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

There are several applications where even a temporary power failure can cause a great deal of public inconvenience leading to large economic losses. Example of such applications are major computer installations, process control in chemical plants, safety monitors, general communication system, hospitals intensive care units, etc. for such critical loads ,it is paramount importance to provide an uninterruptible

power supply(UPS) system so as to maintain the continuity of supply in

case of power outages.

PROTECTS AGAINST MULTIPLE TYPES OF POWER DISTURBANCES

ONLY DEVICE THAT PROTECTS AGAINST AN OUTAGE

OFFERS PROTECTION AGAINST EQUIPMENT NOT OPERATING PROPERLY

COMPUTER AND EQUIPMENT DAMAGE

DATA LOSS TIME AND EXPENSE TO RECOVER BACK TO WHERE YOU WERE, IF EVEN POSSIBLE

CAUSES TYPES DURATION RESULTING PROBLEMS PROTECTIVE DEVICES

STORM ACTIVITY LIGHTNING, WIND, ICE OBJECTS COMING IN CONTACT WITH POWER LINE TREE BRANCHES, ANIMALS, CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY ACCIDENTS MOTOR VEHICLE, OTHER EQUIPMENT FAILURE OVERLOADING LOAD SWITCHING NON-LINEAR LOADS POOR GROUNDING

INTERRUPTION SAG, UNDER VOLTAGE SURGE, OVER VOLTAGE VOLTAGE FLUCTUATION FREQUENCY VARIATION SPIKES / TRANSIENTS
IMPULSIVE OSCILLATORY

WAVEFORM DISTORTION
DC OFFSET HARMONICS INTERHARMONICS NOTCHING NOISE

VOLTAGE IMBALANCE

INSTANTANEOUS

CYCLE (8 1/3 ms) OR LESS

MOMENTARY
TEMPORARY SUSTAINED

CYCLE TO 3 SEC
3 SEC TO 1 MIN GREATER THAN 1 MINUTE

DATA ERRORS DATA LOSS BLOWN FUSES TRIPPED BREAKERS INTERFERENCE WITH CONTROL OF LOADS OVERLOADED NEUTRAL CONDUCTORS MOTORS HEATING SPEED VARIATION STALLING AUDIBLE NOISE VIBRATION TRANSFORMERS HEATING AUDIBLE NOISE VIBRATION

ARCHITECTURES COMPONENTS WAVEFORMS COMMUNICATION

STAND BY LINE INTRACTIVE STAND BY FERRO

STAND BY /OFFLINE/SHORT BRAKE

Generally used in personal computers . cheap and efficient . In situation where short interruption (4 to 5ms) in supply can be tolerated ,the stand by UPS is used. In this system main ac supply is rectified to dc .the dc output from the rectifier charges the batteries and is also converted to ac by an inverter. After passing through the filter ac can be delivered to load . Name is Stand by because the inverter work when the power fails

LINE INTRACTIVE /NO-BREAK The most common used for small business ,web and departmental servers. Inverter remains always on state .provide reduced switching transients ,and additional filtering

STAND BY FERRO

In the Standby-Ferro design, the inverter is in the standby mode, and is energized when the input power fails and the transfer switch is opened.

The transformer has a special "Ferro-resonant" capability, which provides

limited voltage regulation and output waveform "shaping". The isolation from AC power transients provided by the Ferro transformer is as good or

better than any filter available

CONVERTER - AC TO DC SPD - PROTECTS AGAINST SPIKES AND TRANSIENTS BATTERY STORED ENERGY DEVICE - PROTECTS AGAINST INTERRUPTIONS 1.NICKEL CADMIUM 2.LEAD ACID INVERTER DC TO AC FILTER PROTECTS AGAINST HARMONICS, NOTCHING AND NOISE VOLTAGE REGULATOR PROTECTS AGAINST SAGS, SURGES AND FLUCTUATIONS MONITOR AND CONTROL HARDWARE / SOFTWARE

170

TRUE SINEWAVE MODIFIED SINEWAVE SQUARE WAVE

VOLTAGE

0 0 4 8 12 16 20

TIME (ms)

-170

Power management (PM) requires 1.The UPS to report its status to the computer it powers via a communications link such as a serial port, Ethernet or USB

2.A subsystem in the OS that processes the reports and generates notifications, generates PM events or commands an ordered shut down.

Some UPS manufacturers publish their communication protocols, but

other manufacturers (such as APC) use proprietary protocols.

In conclusion, a UPS is a must if you want to keep your computer's electronic components healthy from power damage. Basically, it's like a surge protector with it's own temporarily power source. UPS is a essential device in our day to day life. it saves valuable time, life and money. It covers vast area of application .it is very efficient. Various UPS types are appropriate for different uses , and no single UPS type is ideal for all application .significant difference s in UPS design offer theoretical and practical advantages for different purposes. Nevertheless, the basic quality of design implementation and manufactured quality are often dominant in determining the ultimate performance.

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uninterruptible_power_supply . Power electronics by Dr P.S. Bimbhra . www.nptel.iitm.ac.in/powerelectronics . Power electronics and its application by Alok jain .

THANKS ALL