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SCR / Thyristor

Circuit Symbol and Terminal Identification

ANODE SCR 2N3668

GATE

CATHODE

SCR / Thyristor
Anode and Cathode terminals as conventional pn junction diode Gate terminal for a controlling input signal
GATE

ANODE SCR 2N3668

CATHODE

SCR/ Thyristor
An SCR (Thyristor) is a controlled rectifier (diode) Control the conduction under forward bias by applying a current into the Gate terminal Under reverse bias, looks like conventional pn junction diode

SCR / Thyristor
4-layer (pnpn) device Anode, Cathode as for a conventional pn junction diode Cathode Gate brought out for controlling input
Gate P Anode

Cathode

ANODE

Equivalent Circuit
ANODE

P
Q1

N GATE P

BJT_PNP_VIRTUAL

P
GATE BJT_NPN_VIRTUA L

Q2

N
CATHODE

CATHODE

Apply Biasing
Variable 50V

With the Gate terminal OPEN, both transistors are OFF. As the applied voltage increases, there will be a breakdown that causes both transistors to conduct (saturate) making GATE (G) IF > 0 and VAK = 0. VBreakdown = VBR(F)

ANODE (A)

IF IC2=IB1

Q1

BJT_PNP_VIRTUA L

IC1 = IB2
BJT_NPN_VIRTUAL

Q2

IF
CATHODE (K)

Volt-Ampere Characteristic

IF

Holding Current IH

VBR(F)

VAK

Breakdown Voltage

Apply a Gate Current


For 0 < VAK < VBR(F),
Variable 50V

Turn Q2 ON by applying a current into the Gate

IF
ANODE (A)

Q1

IC2 = IB1

This causes Q1 to turn ON, and eventually both transistors SATURATE VAK = VCEsat + VBEsat If the Gate pulse is removed, Q1 and Q2 still stay ON!
GATE (G)

BJT_PNP_VIRTUA L

IB2
BJT_NPN_VIRTUAL

Q2

VG
CATHODE (K)

IF

How do you turn it OFF?


Cause the forward current to fall below the value if the holding current, IH Reverse bias the device

SCR Application Power Control


XSC1 G A B T

R 25kOhm Key = a Vs 170V 120.21V_rms 60Hz 0Deg D1 2N1776

60%

When the voltage across the capacitor reaches the trigger-point voltage of the device, the SCR turns ON, current flows in the Load for the remainder of the positive half-cycle.

Rload 15ohm

C 0.01uF

Current flow stops when the applied voltage goes negative.

Input / Output Voltages

Look at the LOAD Current

Conduction time Conduction Angle = 180 -

Firing time Firing Angle ()

Average Load Current

i i

L ,A V E

L ,A V E

1 V sin td (t ) 2 R V (1 cos ) 2 R

LOA D

t an (R C )
1

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