RFID-BASED REMINDER SYSTEM FOR SMART HOME

DONE BY :
VENKATESWARA RAO.K REG-10408302

VINAY KARUMANCHI REG-10408310

Abstract

Some people tend to forget things when they leave home for work or school. It is desired that there would be a reminder system to automatically remind people what they might have forgotten to bring along just when they step outside their home. In this project, we present a reminder system that uses the RFID technology to detect the objects that a user brings along. The system then provide a reminder object list to the user based on the history data collected from the same user and the events in the users calendar on that day. The list is to remind the user objects he/she might have forgotten at home. A feedback mechanism is also designed to lower the possibility of unnecessary reminding. The user can mark the objects that are not needed from the reminder object list such that these objects will not appear in the list again in the same situation. A prototype system is introduced in this project.

Proposed System

This project aims at providing a reminding mechanism for the user in a smart home environment. We focus on objects that the user would bring along when he/she goes out. The RFID technology is used to sense the objects the user brings along at the front door. In the object database, an object is recorded not only by its name along with a unique RFID number.

When the user leaves home, the reminder system checks the objects in his/her bags and pockets, and compares the objects with a list of objects generated by the system.

The system then sends a reminder object list to the mobile phone or PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) of the user.
The user can quickly browse the list and take any objects he/she might have forgotten to bring along. There is also a feedback mechanism for the reminder list. If any objects mistakenly appear on the list, the user can give a feedback to the system. The user can simply mark the unneeded objects on the reminder list. Those objects will not be included in the reminder list in the same situation next time. The reminder system is very flexible to the user.

Block Diagram: Main Node:

RFID Tags Power supply

RFID Reader
ARM7 LPC2129 MAX232

Max232

GSM Modem

Max232

PC

Module 2: RFID

An RFID reader is a device that is used to interrogate an RFID tag. The reader has an antenna that emits radio waves; the tag responds by sending back its data. An RFID tag is a microchip combined with an antenna in a compact package A passive tag is an RFID tag that does not contain a battery; the power is supplied by the reader. The tag draws power from it, energizing the circuits in the tag. The tag then sends the information encoded in the tag's memory.

Active RFID tags have a transmitter and their own power source (typically a battery). The power source is used to run the microchip's circuitry and to broadcast a signal to a reader. Passive tags have no battery. Instead, they draw power from the reader, which sends out electromagnetic waves that induce a magnetic feild in the RFID tag. Semi-passive tags use a battery to run the chip's circuitry, but communicate by drawing power from the reader. For instance, low-frequency tags use less power and are better able to penetrate through the non-metallic substances. High-frequency tags work better on objects made of metal and can work around goods with high water content. UHF frequencies typically offer better range and can transfer data faster than low- and high-frequencies

Module 3: GSM MODEM

A GSM modem is a wireless modem that works with a GSM wireless network. A wireless modem behaves like a dial-up modem.

The main difference between them is that a dial-up modem sends and receives data through a fixed telephone line while a wireless modem sends and receives data through radio waves.
The working of GSM modem is based on commands, the commands always start with AT (which means ATtention) and finish with a <CR> character. For example, the dialing command is ATD<number>; ATD3314629080; here the dialing command ends with semicolon.

GSM MODEM

The AT commands are given to the GSM modem with the help of PC or controller. The GSM modem is serially interfaced with the processor with the help of MAX 232. Here max 232 acts as driver which converts TTL levels to the RS 232 levels. For serial interface GSM modem requires the signal based on RS 232 levels. The T1_OUT and R1_IN pin of MAX 232 is connected to the TX and RX pin of GSM modem

Types Of AT Commands

1)

Test commands - used to check whether a command is supported or not by the MODEM. SYNTAX: AT<command name>=? For example: ATD=?

2) Read command - used to get mobile phone or MODEM settings for an operation. SYNTAX: AT<command name>? For example: AT+CBC?

3) Set commands - used to modify mobile phone or MODEM settings for an operation. SYNTAX: AT<command name>=value1, value2, , valueN For example: AT+CSCA=+9876543210, 120

4) Execution commands - used to carry out an operation. SYNTAX: AT<command name>=parameter1, parameter2, , parameterN

For example:

AT+CMSS=1,+ 9876543210, 120

1)

AT - This command is used to check communication between the module and the computer. For example, AT OK The command returns a result code OK if the computer (serial port) and module are connected properly. If any of module or SIM is not working, it would return a result code ERROR. 2) +CMGF - This command is used to set the SMS mode. Either text or PDU mode can be selected by assigning 1 or 0 in the command. SYNTAX: AT+CMGF=<mode> 0: for PDU mode 1: for text mode 3) +CMGW - This command is used to store message in the SIM. SYNTAX: AT+CMGW= Phone number> Message to be stored Ctrl+z

4) +CMGS - This command is used to send a SMS message to a phone number. SYNTAX: AT+CMGS= serial number of message to be send.

void u0_init() { U0LCR = 0x83; U0DLL = 0x61; U0DLM = 0x00; U0LCR = 0x03; } void u0_tx(unsigned char tx_dat) { U0THR = tx_dat; while(!(U0LSR & 0x20)); } void u0_st_tx(unsigned char *st_tx) { while(*st_tx != '\0') { u0_tx(*st_tx); st_tx++; } } unsigned char u0_rx() { unsigned char rbuf; while ((U0LSR & 0x01) != 0x01); rbuf = U0RBR; return rbuf; }