Productivity
Single-factor measures
Output / (Single Input)
All-factors measure
Output / (Total Inputs)
2
Measures of Productivity
Output Machine
Output Capital
Output Energy
All-factors measure
Single Factor
Output Machine
Output Capital
Output Energy
If we produce only one product, the numerator can be either the total units of the product or the total $ value of the product. If we produce several products, the numerator is the total $ value of all products. The denominator can be the units of input or the total $ value of input.
4
Machine Productivity
Quantity (or value) of output / machine hrs
Energy Productivity
Quantity (or value of output) / kwh
All Factors
All-factors measure Goods or Services produced All inputs used to produce them
If we produce only one product, the numerator can be either the total units of product or total $ value of the product.
If we produce several products, the numerator is the total $ value of all products. Usually, the numerator is the total $ value of all outputs.
Example
10,000 Units Produced
Example : All-Factor Productivity Output Labor + Materials + Overhead (10,000 units) * ($10) (500)*($9) + ($30,000) + ($15,500)
AFP =
AFP =
AFP = 2.0
10
Training
Methods
Technology
Management
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Compute labor productivity for both the Old System and the New System. Compute AFP productivity for both the Old System and the New System. Suppose production with old equipment was 30 units of cart A at a price of $100 per cart, and 50 units of cart B at a price of $120. Also suppose that production with new equipment is 50 units of cart A, at a price of $100 per cart, and 30 units of cart B at a price of $120. Compare all-factor productivity for the old and the new systems.
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Old System
60 5 $12/hr $16/unit 1.6(labor cost) 31
New System
60(1.25) = 75 6 $12/hr $10/unit 1.6(labor cost) 31
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Calculate the labor productivity for the existing as well as the proposed system. Find the All-Factor Productivity for both systems. Assume that current processing includes 700 gallons of Grade-A milk sold at $2.40/gallon and 300 gallons of Grade-B milk at $1.90/gallon. Furthermore, assume that under the proposed system, processing will include 600 gallons of Grade-A milk at $2.40/gallon and 400 gallons of Grade-B milk at $1.90/gallon. Compare all-factor productivity for both the existing and the new system.
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