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Image definition
An image is represented as a two dimensional function

f(x, y) where x and y are spatial co-ordinates and the amplitude of f at any pair of coordinates (x, y) is called the intensity of the image at that point.

Types of images
RGB images.
Grayscale images. Indexed images. Binary images.

Causes of blurness in images

blurring, or degradation, of an image can be caused by

many factors:

Movement during the image capture process, by the

camera or, when long exposure times are used, by the subject atmospheric turbulence, or a short exposure time, which reduces the number of photons captured

Out-of-focus optics, use of a wide-angle lens,

Deblurring model
A blurred or degraded image can be approximately described by this

equation g = Hf + n, where

g The blurred image H The distortion operator, also called the point spread function (PSF) f The original true image n Additive noise, introduced during image acquisition, that corrupts

Continued.
The existing motion deblurring algorithms can be

grouped into two main categories: pre-processing post-processing algorithms.

Importance of the PSF

Based on this model, the fundamental task of

deblurring is to deconvolve the blurred image with the PSF that exactly describes the distortion. Deconvolution is the process of reversing the effect of convolution.
Note The quality of the deblurred image is mainly

determined by knowledge of the PSF.

Deblurring with the Wiener Filter

Use the deconvwnr function to deblur an image using

the Wiener filter. Wiener deconvolution can be used effectively when the frequency characteristics of the image and additive noise are known, to at least some degree. In the absence of noise, the Wiener filter reduces to the ideal inverse filter.

Tonal correction
Tonal correction is widely used to adjust the

appearance of an image on digital display devices and for photo enhancement Here an adaptive tonal correction algorithm is introduced to achieve image blur reduction based on a low exposure image.

ADAPTIVE TONAL CORRECTION

The adaptive tonal correction (ATC) algorithm

presented here uses the low-exposure or darker looking image as its input and enhances its appearance via tonal correction by making use of the mean (brightness) and variance (contrast) of the original blurred image in an adaptive manner

Advantages of ATC
In other words, for a 256*256 image, the ATC

algorithm takes 200 times fewer operations than a typical image deconvolution algorithm. The memory requirement of ATC is relatively low since memory space is only needed for the look-up tables .

conclusion
In this project an adaptive tonal correction algorithm

is introduced to reduce handjitter blur in images captured by a cell-phone camera based on lowexposure image that is captured electronicly immediately after an image is taken.