By: xyz

The Aim of the project is to design a system which can navigate, position and log data for any moving system and also post the data on a web server so that anyone with internet can access and track the movement of system

System of satellites that provide geo-spatial positioning with global coverage Enables receivers to find out latitude, longitude and altitude by radiating accurate time signals. Line of sight communication. Applications include navigation, surveying and mapping, rescue operations, wreck diving etc.

GPS is the only fully functioning GNSS system available. Involves a system of 24 satellites revolving around the earth. Data sent by the GPS satellites:
The time the message was

transmitted. Precise orbital information (the ephemeris) . The general system health and rough orbits of all GPS satellites (the almanac).

National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) is a combined electrical and data specification for communication between marine electronic devices. GPS receiver communication is defined by the NMEA format. Features of the NMEA sentences are:
totally self contained and independent from other NMEA sentences.

Each sentence begins with a '$' and ends with a carriage return/line feed sequence. Each sentence cannot be longer than 80 characters of visible text. Generally, the NMEA communication is configured as:

Data rate of 4800 bits/sec. Bit length of 8 bits 1 Stop bit No Parity control

The Garmin G2 device used has its own subset of NMEA sentences. These commands include: RMC, RMB, GGA, GSA, GSV, GLL, BOD, RTE. Commands give latitude, longitude, speed of object, heading etc.

Used for interfacing with mobile phones from a PC or computer. AT commands allow giving instructions to both mobile devices and ordinary landline telephones. Basic features like calling, sending messages and setting up GPRS could be done with AT commands.

Some of the basic AT commands include:

ATA - Answer command ATD -Dial command

ATH -Hang up call

AT+CBC - Battery charge AT+CGMI - Request manufacturer identification AT+CGMM - Request model identification AT+CGMR - Request revision identification

Text messaging related commands are:

AT+CMGL - List messages AT+CMGR - Read message AT+CMGS -Send message

In this tracking project, AT commands are used for setting up a GPRS connection to facilitate sending and receiving GPS data. Mobile phone is interfaced with serial communication with the server or the receiver.

Connect the mobile phone to your computer using the serial port.

Install and check driver details in device manager if necessary.

Check communication with AT command and wait for a OK response.

Set AT+ATT = 1 to force mobile is attached to GPRS

Check AT+CGREG? To check status of GPRS attachment

Use AT + CGDCONT to configure the GPRS and set quality of service parameters

Use AT + CGACT to active the GPRS connection

KML is an XML notation for expression geographical locations and visualizations on 2D and 3D browsers. The KML file specifies a set of features to facilitate the visualization (place marks, images, polygons, 3D models, textual descriptions, etc.) Has applications in navigating, visualization, satellite surveillance etc.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <kml xmlns="http://www.opengis.net/kml/2.2"> <Placemark> <name>New delhi</name> <description>Capital of india </description> <Point> <coordinates> 77.23798589812928,28.63538550250425,0 </coordinates> </Point> </Placemark> </kml>

Todays computers dont have serial port in them The cable is used to convert the USB port to Serial port.

Data Terminal Ready: Tells DCE that DTE is ready to be connected. Data Carrier Detect: Tells DTE that DCE is connected to telephone line. Data Set Ready: Tells DTE that DCE is ready to receive commands or data. Ring Indicator: Tells DTE that DCE has detected a ring signal on the telephone line Request To Send: Tells DCE to prepare to accept data from DTE.

 Clear To Send: Acknowledges RTS and allows

DTE to transmit Transmitted Data: Carries data from DTE to DCE. Received Data: Carries data from DCE to DTE. Ground.

 Language Used VC++ Interface on computer : Console Based Interface to GPS device: Serial RS232 Data format from GPS device : NMEA 0183 Final file : exe file Output : KML file on google earth software.

Connect the devices (GPS receiver and GSM device if necessary) using the serial communication port.

Device address is input to the program which checks the device and initializes variables. Communication is ready to begin.

GPS receiver sends the data in NMEA 0183 format which is taken by the program and processed in a buffer.

Latitude, longitude and altitude are extracted from the buffer. Multi-threading is used for the web server as implementing it in a normal program would render the server inactive when the processing is being done.

Synchronization is maintained between the threads. A cyclic buffer is used to maintain the tracking information which is also used by the web server.

The data is available in the web server and can be accessed by anyone. It is also logged in the host system also and a kml file is created.

Data from gps is taken and put into laptop using serial to usb Cable.

$GPRMC,023042,A,3907.3837,N,12102.4684,W,0.0,156.1,131102,15.3,E,A*3 3907.3837,N,12102.4684,W, 6 $GPRMB,A,,,,,,,,,,,,A,A*0B $GPGGA,023042,3907.3837,N,12102.4684,W,1,04,2.3,507.3,M,-24.1,M,,*75 $GPGSA,A,3,04,05,,,09,,,24,,,,,2.8,2.3,1.0*36 $GPGSV,3,2,11,09,47,229,42,10,04,157,00,14,00,305,00,24,70,154,33*79 $GPGLL,3907.3837,N,12102.4684,W,023042,A,A*5E $GPBOD,,T,,M,,*47 $GPVTG,156.1,T,140.9,M,0.0,N,0.0,K*41 $PGRME,8.4,M,23.8,M,25.7,M*2B $PGRMZ,1735,f*34 $PGRMM,WGS 84*06 $HCHDG,,,,15.3,E*30 $GPRTE,1,1,c,*37

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Http Server is being used. Data from buffer is formatted in KML format and dumped to server where it can be accessed by anyone. Both the extraction program and server program are made so that the server remains active at all points in time. Threading also helps overlap I/O operations with the processing of data and the server management .

The system can track and log data at server and also post the data to remote location where it can be used for tracking and logging.

This can be used to track locations and movement of military troops and military vehicles

The system in miniaturized form can be mounted on UAVs to track their movement

The system can be combined with gyros to work in an environment with no GPS signal.

Gyro

Accelerometer

Tracking System