Concepts of Disaster Management: Restoration and Recovery

Dr. Khondoker Mokaddem Hossain Director, Institute of Disaster Management and Vulnerability Studies University of Dhaka Email: mokaddemdu@yahoo.com 01711383926

The definitional challenge

ISDR defines Recovery as

Decisions and actions taken after a disaster with a view to restoring or improving the pre-disaster living conditions of the stricken community, while encouraging and acilitating necessary adjustments to reduce disaster risk.

Recovery
The development, coordination, and execution of

service- and site-restoration plans; the reconstitution of government operations and services; individual, private-sector, nongovernmental, and publicassistance programs to provide housing and to promote restoration; long-term care and treatment of affected persons; additional measures for social, political, environmental, and economic restoration; evaluation of the incident to identify lessons learned; post incident reporting; and development of initiatives to mitigate the effects of future incidents. (http://www.fema.gov/nimscast/Glossary)

Cont
Recovery is response Activities that address the short-

term, direct effects of an incident. Response includes immediate actions to save lives, protect property, and meet basic human needs. Response also includes the execution of emergency operations plans and of mitigation activities designed to limit the loss of life, personal injury, property damage, and other unfavorable outcomes. Recovery (rehabilitation and reconstruction) affords an opportunity to develop and apply disaster risk reduction measures. (ISDR).

Disaster Recovery
Disaster recovery is the process, policies and

procedures related to preparing for recovery or continuation of technology infrastructure critical to an organization after a natural or human-induced disaster.

Disaster Recovery Plan

Disaster recovery planning is a subset of a larger process

known as business continuity planning and should include planning for resumption of applications, data, hardware, communications (such as networking) and other IT infrastructure.

General steps to follow while creating DRP

Identify the scope and boundaries of DRP. Conduct a disaster impact analysis (DIA)

Sell the concept of DRP to upper management and

obtain organizational and financial commitment. Each department will need to understand its role in plan and support to maintain it. The BCP project team must implement the plan. After approval from upper management plan should be maintained and implemented. Implementation team should follow the guidelines procedures in plan.

Control measures in recovery plan

Different types of measures can be included in DRP.

Types of measures: Preventive measures - These controls are aimed at preventing an event from occurring. Detective measures - These controls are aimed at detecting or discovering unwanted events. Corrective measures - These controls are aimed at correcting or restoring the system after disaster or event. These controls should be always documented and tested regularly.

What is restoration?
Restoration includes both returning injured resources

to the condition they would have been in if the oil spill or release of a hazardous substance had not occurred and replacing the services that were lost while the habitat was contaminated. Restoration encompasses rehabilitation, replacement and acquisition. Restoration goes beyond cleanup or remediation. Remediation only addresses removal of hazardous substances and preventing further releases from the source

Cont
Restoration: the process of bringing back a habitat to a healthy

condition, known as habitat. Restoration schemes involve compromise between sustainable environmental gain and important social and economic considerations. Examples of restoration include: restoring the quality of wetland and riparian areas after removal of contaminants (e.g., replanting native wetland or riparian vegetation); providing additional opportunities for fishing elsewhere when a spill or release results in the permanent or temporary closure of a fishing area (e.g., building a new boat ramp to provide access to previously inaccessible areas).

Restore to What? What is the Goal?

Native, indigenous ecosystem as a goal Improving ecological functioning as a goal

Historical view helps guide restoration goals

Current conditions guide restoration goals

Goals of Restoration Science

Identify the conditions and processes most

important to successful restoration

Collect data on essential conditions

and processes, where possible

Estimate range of uncertainty

produced by not having all necessary data

How is restoration funded?

release of hazardous substances To determine the appropriate payment amount

collect information on the injuries to natural resources

Use this information to determine the damages caused by

the hazardous substance release and to develop potential restoration projects. cost of conducting the damage assessment

Who conducts restorations?

The responsible party may choose to conduct the

restoration themselves, with trustee supervision, or provide funding to the trustees for restoration. If funds are provided to the trustees, the trustees can use the money to do the restoration themselves or they can hire contractors to do the work. Trustees encourage local community groups to become involved in the restoration efforts. Trustees are able to integrate restoration efforts with those of community groups providing further benefit to the public.

What are the benefits of restoration?

The primary benefit of restoration is that injured

natural resources are returned to the condition they would have been in if the spill or release of hazardous substances had not occurred.
Restoring our natural resources benefits not only the

fish and wildlife that depend on these resources but also the local community and visitors to these areas.

Reconstruction
Reconstruction is the actions taken to reestablish a

community after a period of rehabilitation subsequent to a disaster. Actions would include construction of permanent housing, full restoration of all services, and complete resumption of the pre-disaster state. (UN 1992).

Recovery & Reconstruction: Opportunity for Sustainable Development

Creating a Vision What do we want to have when we are finished?

(More than just stronger buildings) What are the objectives at household, community, and national level? People living, working, and investing with confidence Well-designed infrastructure, social and health services Growth-oriented economy Reduced vulnerability

THANK TO ALL