Introduction to Uninterruptible Power Supply

(UPS) is a device that protects electronic equipment from power uncertainties. A UPS is a device that is interfaced between the electric network (connected to utility power) and the materials that need protecting. The UPS helps to "smooth out" voltage, i.e. eliminate peaks that are over a certain level. When there is a power outage, the energy stored in the emergency battery keeps the power supply flowing to equipment for a small amount of time (normally for 5 to 10 minutes).

TYPES OF UPS

Online Ups

Offline Ups

Line Intractive Ups

ONLINE UPS
Online UPS, the batteries are always connected to the inverter, so that no power transfer switches are necessary. When power loss occurs, the rectifier simply drops out of the circuit and the batteries keep the power steady and unchanged. Online UPS is able to provide an electrical firewall between the incoming utility power and sensitive electronic equipment. It allows control of output voltage and frequency regardless of input voltage and frequency.

Online UPS has a much greater current AC-to-DC battery-charger/rectifier, and with the rectifier and inverter designed to run continuously with improved cooling systems. It provides emergency power by supplying power from its battery source when utility power is not available.

OFFLINE UPS
"Offline" UPSs are connected via an electrical relay. When all is functioning properly, the voltage from the electric network is used to recharge the batteries. When the voltage goes above or below a certain level (maximum or minimum), the relay opens and the voltage is recreated using the energy stored in the battery. Because of the time it takes to open and close the relay, this type of UPS does not protect against power line disturbances

LINE INTRACTIVE UPS

"Line interactive" UPSs are a hybrid technology. Line interactive UPSs are connected parallelly via a relay but have a microprocessor that continuously monitors the voltage. In case of a weak drop in voltage or a power line disturbance, the UPS is able to inject voltage to compensate. In the case of a total power outage, however, the UPS functions like an offline UPS.

Advantage of Ups
UPS system helps in providing protection to electronic devices, mainly computers, during sudden disruption in the power supply It supplies temporary energy to the device so as to enable safe shutdown of the device. Data loss protection

Reliable power source

Disadvantage of Ups
If the battery switch in on position then dont connect the battery bank to the ups because this causes sparking Do not restart the equipment with all loads connected