Structure
PN Junction Photodiodes based on Semiconductor physics Large light-sensitive area Three energy-conversion layers Top is of N-type, middle is the core and bottom is of P-type material Additional electrical contact layers
Face electrical contact layer is metallic and of some grid pattern Grid pattern is widely spaced to allow sufficient light to fall Back layer covers the entire back surface of solar cell Both layers function current conductivity
Working
Action of photons on the semiconducting silicon material Absorption, passing straight or reflection Interaction with electron in case of absorption Electron in valence shell gets energy
Excited electron leaves its position creating a hole Excitation of electrons enhances mobility of holes The more mobility of charge carriers the more conduction Photon must be powerful
P-N junction comes into play Regions of concentration and electric field Connection to external load Free charge carriers may travel through the wire, power load and continue through the wire Voltage measured is the difference of levels of minority charge carriers
Equivalent Circuit
Schematic Diagram
Powering Space Vehicles Solar Powered Cars Rural Area Electrification Solar Powered Water Pumps
Uses
Powering Space Vehicles Solar Powered Cars Rural Area Electrification Solar Powered Water Pumps Domestic Supply
Uses
Health Care
Uses
Uses
Uses
Dependence on sun
Disadvantages
Dependence on sun
Large area
Disadvantages
Dependence on sun
Large area Large no. of
batteries
Disadvantages
Dependence on sun
Large area Large no. of batteries Initial Cost
Disadvantages
Dependence on sun
Large area Large no. of batteries Initial Cost Positioning
Proper Positioning
Advantages
Renewable
source
Advantages
Renewable source
Silent
Advantages
Renewable source Silent No pollution Clean source on
energy
Advantages
Renewable source Silent No pollution Clean source on
Advantages
Renewable source Silent No pollution Clean source on
Advantages
Renewable source Silent no pollution Clean source on Easy to Install
Advantages
Renewable source Silent No pollution Clean source on Easy to Install
Accessibility for
Remote Areas.
Remote Areas