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SDCCH Drop Rate

BENAIAD Abdellah

Overview

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Overview Introduction SDCCH Assignment on SDCCH SDCCH Drop Rate

This chapter is designed to provide an overview of root cause analysis for SDCCH drop rate KPI. It addresses the SDCCH drop rate analysis, investigation procedures and troubleshooting techniques to degrade the effect of this issue.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Overview Introduction SDCCH Assignment on SDCCH SDCCH Drop Rate

SDCCH is a bidirectional logical channel used in different ways: -Registration: periodic location attach/detach. -Call setup: immediate assignment. -SMS to/from MS in dedicated mode. update, IMSI

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SDCCH Drop Rate

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Overview Introduction SDCCH Assignment on SDCCH SDCCH Drop Rate

Request and allocation of SDCCH:

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SDCCH Drop Rate

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MS C

Paging

BSC

Paging command Channel required Channel Activation Ch Activation Acknowledge Immediate assignment command

BTS

Paging request Channel request

MS
PCH RACH

Immediate assignment

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Overview Introduction SDCCH Assignment on SDCCH SDCCH Drop Rate

SDCCH Drop Rate is a KPI which largely decides the subscriber service quality , the existing KPI formula is listed below:
(C10602+C10604+C10605+C10646+C10653+C10601+C10603+C10606)*100 (C11644+C11646)

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Overview Introduction SDCCH Assignment on SDCCH SDCCH Drop Rate C10601 C10602 C10603 C10603 C10604 C10604 C10605 C10605 C10606 C10646 C10653 C11644 C11646

It represents the number of call drops due to contact loss between RMM and Service Management Module (SMM) on SDCCH.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Overview Introduction SDCCH Assignment on SDCCH SDCCH Drop Rate C10601 C10602 C10603 C10603 C10604 C10604 C10605 C10605 C10606 C10646 C10653 C11644 C11646

It represents the number of call drops due to radio link failure on SDCCH.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Technical procedure

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Overview Introduction SDCCH Assignment on SDCCH SDCCH Drop Rate C10601 C10602 C10603 C10604 C10605 C10606 C10646 C10653 C11644 C11646

It represents the number of call drops due to LAPD link failure on SDCCH.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Technical procedure

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Overview Introduction SDCCH Assignment on SDCCH SDCCH Drop Rate C10601 C10602 C10603 C10604 C10605 C10606 C10646 C10653 C11644 C11646

It represents the number of call drops due to SDCCH forced release.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Technical procedure

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Overview Introduction SDCCH Assignment on SDCCH SDCCH Drop Rate C10601 C10602 C10603 C10604 C10605 C10606 C10646 C10653 C11644 C11646

It represents the number of call drops due to force release from high priority calls on SDCCH. BSC receives force release message from BTS for high priority calls and counter increments.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Overview Introduction SDCCH Assignment on SDCCH SDCCH Drop Rate C10601 C10602 C10603 C10604 C10605 C10606 C10646 C10653 C11644 C11646

It represents the number of call drops on SDCCH due to other causes.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Technical procedure

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Overview Introduction SDCCH Assignment on SDCCH SDCCH Drop Rate C10601 C10602 C10603 C10604 C10605 C10606 C10646 C10653 C11644 C11646

It represents the total number of call drops due to handover failure on SDCCH, this counter is not allowed.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Technical procedure

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Overview Introduction SDCCH Assignment on SDCCH SDCCH Drop Rate C10601 C10602 C10603 C10604 C10605 C10606 C10646 C10653 C11644 C11646

It represents the total number of SDCCH call drops (short message).

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Technical procedure

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Overview Introduction SDCCH Assignment on SDCCH SDCCH Drop Rate C10601 C10602 C10603 C10604 C10605 C10606 C10646 C10653 C11644 C11646

Number of successful SDCCH assignments.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Overview Introduction SDCCH Assignment on SDCCH SDCCH Drop Rate C10601 C10602 C10603 C10604 C10605 C10606 C10646 C10653 C11644 C11646

Number of successful SDCCH handovers.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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SDCCH Drop Rate

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Used Tools Business Objects 6.5 MCOM 4.2 ZXG10 OMCR TEMS Investigation

which can be used for accessing different performance statistics, creating queries, setting up reports, creating variables and using the Business Objects functions to analyze the data in the reports.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Used Tools Business Objects 6.5 MCOM 4.2 ZXG10 OMCR TEMS Investigation

This tool is used to know the type of interference (Cochannel interference or adjacent interference) between cells; and the value of tilt, azimuth and height of the cell.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Used Tools Business Objects 6.5 MCOM 4.2 ZXG10 OMCR TEMS Investigation

which can be used to provide access to all the available support activities for Operations and Maintenance in the radio and core networks, besides, the accessibility to Configuration Management, Fault management and Performance management

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SDCCH Drop Rate

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Used Tools Business Objects 6.5 MCOM 4.2 ZXG10 OMCR TEMS Investigation

Ericssons tool which is used to analyze drive tests on the downlink level.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

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Technical Procedure SDCCH Drop causes SDCCH Drop Reasons troubleshooting

The following are main causes for SDCCH drop rate:

SDCCH Drops Due connection loss RMM SMM. SDCCH Drops Due Radio Failure. SDCCH Drops Due LAPD Failure. SDCCH Drops Due OMC Forced release SDCCH Drops Due Preemption. SDCCH Drops Due Others . SDCCH Drops Due Handover Failure. SDCCH Drops SMS (according to the formula of SDCCH Drop Rate).

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Technical Procedure SDCCH Drop causes SDCCH Drop Reasons troubleshooting

The following are main causes for SDCCH drop rate: SDCCH Drops Due connection loss RMM SMM. SDCCH Drops Due Radio Failure. SDCCH Drops Due LAPD Failure. SDCCH Drops Due OMC Forced release . SDCCH Drops Due Preemption . SDCCH Drops Due Others . SDCCH Drops Due Handover Failure. SDCCH Drops SMS.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

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Technical Procedure SDCCH Drop types SDCCH Drop Reasons RADIO link loss LAPD SDDCH Drop troubleshooting

The following are reasons of Radio SDCCH drop: 1. There exists weak coverage area, and radio signal is weak too. 2There exists interference, such as intra-network interference due to unreasonable frequency planning, and other external interference, etc. 3Unreasonable radio parameter setting 4Equipment hardware fault, such as low output power of the power amplifier, large difference among different carrier transmission power, carrier transmitter fault, combiner fault, etc.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

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Technical Procedure SDCCH Drop types SDCCH Drop Reasons RADIO link loss LAPD SDDCH Drop troubleshooting

5Antenna feeder system fault. For example, VSWR of antenna feeder is big; antenna is too high or lower inclination is unreasonable, which causes too big the coverage range or cross-cell coverage, and forms the remote isolated island effect; etc.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

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Technical Procedure SDCCH Drop types SDCCH Drop Reasons RADIO link loss LAPD SDDCH Drop troubleshooting

The following are reasons of LAPD SDCCH drop: 1Site transmission problems, such as transmission interruption or unstable transmission . 2Site hardware fault, such as unreliable E1 cable, CMM fault, etc. 3BSC hardware fault.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

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Technical Procedure SDCCH Drop types SDCCH Drop Reasons troubleshooting

SDCCH Drop rate analysis troubleshooting procedure:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. SDCCH availability. SDCCH Drop causes. Basic NMS to know which TRX might be faulty. Alarms. BTS measurement and cell measurement. Data base parameter. Drive testing and site audit.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

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Flow Chart

It is advised to locate the problem by checking radio parameters together with hardware troubleshooting. The flow of handling SDCCH drop is shown below:

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Start

SDCCH Drop Rate high certain cell yes

No

Check SDCCH availability

yes

Open TT to BSS team

yes

Is there LAPD problem?

No

Open TT to BSS team

yes

Is there HW problem (cell/TRX/TS )?

No

Reset cell

*
Is there LAPD problem?

**
yes

Open TT to BSS team

No

RF problems

Whether radio parameter are set reasonably

yes

Modify unreasonable parameters

No

Whether interference exist

yes

Trouble shoot interference

No

***
Whether fault exist in coverage

yes

Trouble shoot coverage

No

Whether fault exist in equipment HW

yes

Troubleshoot equipment fault

No
Whether fault exist in antenna feeder system

yes

Trouble shoot antenna feeder fault

No yes

Whether the SDCCH Drop Rate persist

No

restart the investigation

END

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Exemples Hardwar Problem Radio Problem LAPD Problem

22685A: by checking data base stat, we notice a high SDCCH Drop Rate on the site. Problem Description: using ZXG10 OMCR tool, the problem is a PA power alarm (hardware problem). Action Taken: open TT to BSS team to solve the PA power alarm.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

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Exemples Hardwar Problem Radio Problem LAPD Problem

03102A: Problem Description: Co-channel interference on the BCCH of 03102A Action Taken: Changing the BCCH frequency from:108-->89 22685A: Problem Description: 22685A of BSCSBA2 (BSC04) is having PA Output Power alarm on TRX1 Action Taken: Replacing the faulty TRX

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SDCCH Drop Rate

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Exemples Hardwar Problem Radio Problem LAPD Problem

03663A: Problem Description: Transmission disconnection problem on the A-bis interface Action Taken: Fixing the TXM problem

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SDCCH Drop Rate

References list

Reference

[10] sjzl20062303-ZXG10-BSS (V2.97) Operation Manual (Radio Parameters) GBO_014_E1_0 Special Topic of Radio Network Optimization-82 GBC_004_E1_0 Radio parameters -50 ZTE Statistics

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Appendix DRT/EDRT The DRT/EDRT fulfills conversion between voice codes at the GSM radio interface and the PSTN A-law PCM voice codes in the BSC, and implements rate adaptation (including data services rate adaptation) between them. DRT: Dual-rate transcoder, realizing the transcoding service processing. It can process 126 FRs or 32 EFRs at most. EDRT (C62): Enhanced dual-rate transcoder, an enhanced version of the DRT board. It can process 126 FRs or 126 EFRs at most. EDRT (C64): Enhanced dual-rate transcoder, an enhanced version of the DRT board. It can process 126 FRs, 126 EFRs or 126 HRs at most. Functions and Principles The board has the following functions. Performs the transcoding and rate adaptation function: It converts the 260-bit vocoder block into one hundred and sixty 8-bit A-law PCM sample signals, and vice versa. Performs framing and vocoder block synchronization, detect voice activation, regulate the block phase in the downlink direction to minimize delay, send alarms to BSC by passing through BTS through in-band signaling, processes data blocks in compliance with the protocol standard rate adaptation and re-assorting them following the A interface requirements. Provide physical-layer functions of the digital trunk interface. Separates signals, SS7 links pass transparently, and the service channels pass through the DSP for processing. Has the HDLC channels communicating directly with the, facilitating O & M Center. Fig 3.18-1 shows the DRT/EDRT board organizational diagram. DRT uses eight DSPs, EDRT (C62) uses six, and EDRT (C64) uses two. In the given figure, n = 8, 6, 2 respectively. The DRT/EDRT comprises the DSP, CPU, and switching circuits. The DSP is responsible for mass calculations, implementing the conversion between radio service channels and ground service channels. It is the core of the DRT/EDRT board. Fig 3.18-1 DRT/EDRT Board Organizational Diagram
HDLC

S w i t c h i n g c i r c u i t

. ..
CPU HPI

..

DSPn

DSP4 DSP3 DSP 2 DSP 1

Abis

DRT/EDRT Board Fault Fault Symptom DSP is faulty or communication with the corresponding TCPP is disconnected. Fault Cause Analysis Communication between TCPP and DRT/EDRT is faulty. Hardware of the TCPP board is faulty. DSP on the DRT/EDRT board is faulty. Troubleshooting Perform the following steps to troubleshoot the fault: 1. Check whether the corresponding TCPP board is faulty. If it is faulty, troubleshoot the TCPP board fault first. 2. If the DSP is faulty, then go to step 6. 3. Check whether there is any clock loss alarm from this board. If there is, then reset and unplug/plug the relevant board. 4. Check whether the backplane connection cable is loose or modified. 5. Check whether the foreground and background data are consistent and whether relevant data are configured. 6. Download the DRT and EDRT versions again and reset the board. 7. Replace the DRT/EDRT board. If the fault still remains, plug the board to another slot. Precautions Be sure to wear an antistatic wrist strap when touching a board or component.

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Radio parameters

Radio parameters setting

Cells minimum access level: which causes SDCCH drop in weak coverage area. Unreasonable BSIC setting Unreasonable power control setting, such as unreasonable level, quality power control threshold, which will cause MS to reduce power even in the case of weak signal and poor call quality. () Unreasonable FH parameter setting: parameter setting Unreasonable MAIO configuration will cause co-channel interference and adjacent-channel interference within one site. Incomplete adjacent-cell data definition or configuration error Congestion exists in adjacent cell

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