4G (also known as Beyond 3G), an abbreviation for FourthGeneration, is a term used to describe the next complete evolution in wireless communications. It will be able to provide a comprehensive IP solution where voice, data and streamed multimedia . It can be given to users on an "Anytime, Anywhere" basis, and at higher data rates than previous generations. As the second generation was a total replacement of the first generation networks and handsets. the third generation was a total replacement of second generation networks and handsets.
Third generation: To meet the growing demands in network capacity, rates required for high speed data transfer and multimedia applications, 3G standards started evolving .
2.75G:
3.5G:
UMTS (HSDPA) UMTS (HSUPA) CDMA2000 (EV-DO Rev.A) 3.75G UMTS (HSPA+) CDMA2000 (EV-DO Rev.B/3xRTT) 4G: Flash-OFDM 3GPP LTE
Higher Spectral Efficiency Higher Mobility at Higher Data Rates Enhancement in Delay Budgets Higher Network Capacity
OVERVIEW OF 4G
The WiBro Service (Portable Internet Service for 2.3GHz), as the low
mobility data service, has been defined as a pre-4G service and the development of the system.
The 4G system will support 100Mbps data rate for high mobility and
1Gbps for low mobility.
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The future mobile device will therefore be first and foremost a
computer, then an open wireless architecture (OWA) low-power terminal.
In the other words, 4G will bring us almost perfect real world wireless
or called WWWW: World Wide Wireless Web
WIRELESS LAN
This gives users the mobility to move around within a broad coverage
area and still be connected to the network . The popularity of wireless LANs is a testament primarily to their convenience, cost efficiency, and ease of integration with other networks and network components . Benefits of WAN are convenience, mobility, deployment, productivity, cost. Disadvantages of WAN are security, range, speed and reliability.
Three types of LANs are peer-to-peer wireless LAN Bridge wireless LAN Roaming wireless LAN
Roaming are of 2 types Internal Roaming External Roaming
Traffic Management Buffer Management Mobility Management Traffic management (TM) mechanisms such as Call Admission Control (CAC), Scheduling. Buffer Management (BM) play a key role in the design of multiservice wireless network by providing service differentiation from diverse applications and assigning . Mobility management is the integration and interworking of existing wireless systems are important factors to obtain seamless roaming and services in next generation or 4G wireless networks
DNP (Distributed Network Problem) HWNS (Heterogeneous wireless networks) Context Aware Adaptability Distributed NP (DNP) problems are ones supplied with probability distributions of instances. In the next generation of heterogeneous wireless networks (HWNs), a large number of different radio access technologies (RATs) will be integrated into a common network
Easy to add stations as there are no cables required . Signals can be sent through doors and walls so the stations can be
mobile .
There are no cables to trip over so there are less health and safety
issues to consider.
CURRENT RESEARCH OF 4G
The advent of the mobile wireless Internet has created the need for
seamless and secure communication over heterogeneous access networks .
FUTURE SCOPE OF 4G
Innovations plans to present the state of the art research and practices of the roadmaps to fourth generation wireless networks.
The proposals may include, but are not limited to, the following areas
of interest:
4G and mobile TV Security implications 4G Security 4G network management reference model Architectures for increased mobility, security, and energy optimization New network topologies
CONCLUSION
Therefore, no one can really sure what the future 4G will look
like and what services it will offer to people. However, we can get the general idea about 4G from academic research. the idea of WWWW, World Wide Wireless Web, offering more services and smooth global roaming with inexpensive cost.