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A virtual public sphere for deliberation?

Political debate on weblogs


Electronic direct democracy and the quality of political discourse
SLOVENIAN POLITICAL SCIENCE CONFERENCE PORTOROZ, 3 June 2011

Gil Ferreira, PhD Communication Sciences LabCom-UBI, Portugal

Hypothesis:
the blogosphere, due to its characteristics of openness, interactivity and participation, constitutes a particular form of public sphere in a discursive space, with a political density, in which practices of deliberation can take place

POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

1.Blogopshere public sphere 2.Use of blogues deliberation 3.Framework to assess deliberation in the blogosphere 4.Patterns results of empirical studies

POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

Blogopshere and public sphere


You person of the year 2006 Grassroots Obama campaign Arab Spring

POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

Blogopshere and public sphere


ITC apropriation for political purposes 1. Weblogs low costs of participation 2. Spirit of participation

POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

Blogosphere and public sphere


Rheingold (1995) Habermas idea of public sphere Informal conversations virtual communities Barlow: the ressurgence of the most genuine public sphere

POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

Deliberation in the blogosphere


Cyberspace colective sharing Public interaction Basis for revitalizing public sphere and democracy Public space: space for deliberation Deliberation: decisive factor for the assessement of the blogosphere as a new public sphere
POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

Deliberation in the blogosphere


Deliberative discourse non deliberative discourse (Schudson) Social conversation Oriented conversation to solve problems Chambers: not every conversation is discourse

POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

Deliberation in the blogosphere


Preconditions: Ability Rationality "what makes the deliberative opinion is not the mere fact of been built after careful analysis, supported by evidence and arguments, but also for having been achieved taking into account the opinions of other opposites "(Price at all, cit. by Witschge, 2004: 118)
POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

Deliberation in the blogosphere


Critical issues Conceptualization of deliberation Political participation Types of participation Interactivity (cross linking)

POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

Deliberation 2.0
91% of the links to like-minded sites or blogs 25% related with crossing ideological discussion Fragmentation Polarization it is a gross exageration to conclude blogs as na incarnation of deliberative ideals (Sunstein)
POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

Deliberation 2.0
Bankler and Shaw (2010) Internet: Increase the range of opinions available Provide users with the capacity of participate Develop democractic practices

POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

Deliberation 2.0
Bloggers Do not justify: structure, control or views expressed Presonal criteria in links Its common the homophily.

POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

Deliberation 2.0
Readers Polarization homophily.

POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

Analytical framework
1. 2. 3. 4. Quality of the discourse Paterns of homophily. Ideological cross-linking The nature of that cross-linking

POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

conclusion

Deliberation does not apply to the type of communication widespread in political blogs Participation: what kind of participation?

POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

Final remark
As Bohman writes, positions optimistic about democracy through cyberspace suffer from conceptual problems: "is guaranteed that technologically mediation, in itself, is constitutive of new possibilities. However, technology is intricate in social contexts that shape their potential achievement.

POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

Thank you!
Gil Ferreira gilbferreira@gmail.com

POLITICAL DEBATE ON WEBLOGS - A VIRTUAL PUBLIC SPHERE FOR DELIBERATION?

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