EDM 708

INNOVATION & TECHNOLOGY

EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY ICT GROUP

Innovative & Creative Teachers

EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

ROGER A. MARTINEZ
Discussant

EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

Satellite technology has become one of the most important components of global telecommunication.

Satellites provide the communication link between originating and receiving locations and devices.

The satellite is contributing to educational provision in two quite distinct ways:

Its high capacity makes low-cost distribution of educational programmes possible in developing countries with large populations.

The satellite is contributing to educational provision in two quite distinct ways:

It provides for the distribution of these programmes to and fro remote areas where sparse populations, vast distances, or rugged terrain that make conventional land-based installations impractical.

In India, Satellite Instructional Television Programme (SITE) was launched in 1975. Educational programmes were arranged for rural children in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa and Rajasthan, using the satellite ATS-F provided by NASA of the U.S.A. After evaluating the success of this programme, Indian National Satellite System (INSAT) was started.

The first multipurpose educational satellite INSAT-1B was launched in 1986, by the Indian Government. This satellite helped in telecommunication, gathering meteorological and astronomical data, reaching out the radio and television programmes to the remote hamlets, establishing contact with other satellites orbiting in the space and integrating regional and national radio broadcasting programmes.

Educational Broadcasts

The Central Institute of Educational Technology

situated in Delhi, utilized the services of INSAT-1B launched by the Indian Government in 1986 to telecast educational programmes in the elementary school subjects (particularly science and social studies) for 1 hours daily in the morning, on all days except Sunday.

In the telecast services of INSAT-1B, 1 hours duration in the evening was allotted for nonformal adult education and recreational programmes. Physical and Health education, Home Management, Agricultural extension education for farmers etc. were predominant in the non-formal education programmes.

U.G.C. and NCERT telecast their educational programmes, utilizing the services INSAT- 1B. In many of the countries, separate channels for educational telecast have been established, paving the way for quality improvement in education

TYPES OF TV PROGRAMS

COMMERCIAL TELEVISION PROGRAMMES

are meant for the general public. Entertainment, commercial advertisements, local and national news and information are the main items of the broadcasts. Children's programmes such as Cartoon, puppet shows, adventurous episodes, short dramas, and adult programmes such as sports events, news headlines, news bulletins, serial dramas, films, et. are broadcast in commercial programmes.

Educational Television (ETV)

includes programmes whose primary interest is to educate rather than entertain. ETV generally includes non-commercialised programmes which are prepared with a view to bring changes in viewer's attitudes, knowledge, behaviours and values in some specific ways.

USES OF TELEVISION:
Television is a powerful mass-media of

communication to promote literacy among the people, develop proper attitudes and interests in them enabling to function effectively in today's world of science and technology. By using TV excessively for recreation alone, we are under-utilising its versatile capacity. In many of the developed countries separate channels are allotted exclusively for telecasting educational programmes.

USES OF TELEVISION:
In Tamilnadu TV programme like "Vayalum

Vazhvum", "Ariviyal Ayiram", "Care for physical health"etc. are telecast catering to the needs and interests of various sections of the society. For example in the programme "Vayalum Vazhvum", topics like 'New Agricultural practices', 'Pest control', 'Manuring', "Water Management", "Genetically Modified seeds", etc. are discussed which prove to be highly beneficial and educative for farmers of Tamilnadu.

EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

EDUSAT

The "EDUSAT" or the

Education Satellite was launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) on 20th September 2004 from the SriHarikota Space Research Centre located in Andhra Pradesh, using a G.S.L.V. rocket.

EDUSAT

The main

purpose of this is to provide education to all people, primarily children from remote areas of the country who can not go to schools or colleges.

EDUSAT

The classes are

conducted by various State Education Boards, NCERT, CBSE, Universities etc. in a studio environment using powerpoint presentations as well as the common blackboard.

EDUSAT

Both interactive

as well as noninteractive sessions are offered. As many as 5000 educational institutions participate in this programme and get benefited.

 As classes are conducted in a studio

environment, it is enough to use the services of a few highly qualified competent teachers and telecast the proceedings to the entire nation. This eliminates the need for a large number of qualified teachers often demanded in other forms of education.

EDUSAT

These classes are

beamed to predestined areas using EDUSAT similar to regional television programmes on 'Doordharshan'. Students attending the classes could ask questions to the teachers conducting classes through SMS, e-mail or other electronic mode of communication, something similar to a TV talkshow.

ADVANTAGES
Distance education will get strengthened.

Education could be made available at a fraction of its cost to a large number of students. A large number of students can be educated by a very few extremely efficient teachers who can reach them from the studios located in the universities or education boards i.e. it eliminates the demand for a large number of teachers.

ADVANTAGES
Education reaches the

door steps of students; there is no need for students to go in search of good education. Students can receive education at their own pace and convenience especially in the case of those who are employed.

In short we can say instruction through EDUSAT will give a thrust to Homeschooling.

EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

Emergence of Learning without Frontiers

Learning without frontiers is a concept

propounded and implemented by UNESCO. Life in modern times is becoming more complex, unregulated and challenging.

Emergence of Learning without Frontiers

In such a situation individuals

and institutions should rise to the occasion and utilize fully the various knowledge related organizations to develop and update their knowledge and skills and thereby understand the changing trends in social and economic scenario and to modify their beliefs and customs.

Emergence of Learning without Frontiers

To consider education is a need for

young persons only is a myth. It is not only a preparation for a job to meet temporary needs, but also a necessity to cope up with modern life

Emergence of Learning without Frontiers

In such a scenario, learning without frontiers

is one of the attempts to meet the challenges and opportunities that area facing mankind such as disintegration of society, cultural degradation, weakening of the authority of government, disillusionment among people and rise of fundamentalism.

Construction of Learning without Frontiers

Learning without

frontiers, sponsored by UNESCO is an attempt to solve complex social and political problems. It empowers the individuals and enables them to reconstruct the society.

Construction of Learning without Frontiers

It removes obstacles like distance, time, age,

situations and tries to meet the needs of various sections of people all over the world. To develop this vision, voluntary organizations all over the world, non-governmental agencies, privately owned business houses, philanthropists, universities and charitable trusts should work together so that a conducive environment for Learning without frontiers should be created.

Salient Features
Open Learning Climate: It includes informal education,

formal education and nonformal education. Use of Technology in Education: To remove illiteracy, audio visual aids and information technology to be used widely.

Salient Features

UNESCO prepared and used several learning packages which included.

Youth from the marginalized sections of society to be given

opportunities for the betterment of their societies.

A conference was held in New Delhi in 1993 on the theme 'Education for all'. This was termed as 'Distance Education Initiative'. In this summit nine densely populated countries (Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Nigeria and Pakistan) participated.

Technology in Learning without Frontiers

In 1996 a conference was held

in Bangkok (Thailand) to deliberate on the theme "Communication and Information Technology in LWF". It identified four phases in using technology in LWF like i) Planning; ii) Pilot Study; iii) Execution and iv) Evaluation. It recommended the use of technology for locally produced materials in LWF, training for field workers and exchange of information and experiences.