Introduction

Biochip

Technology Working of biochip Applications Problem of biochips Solutions for the biochips Conclusion

Biochips- exciting future technology for Computer science, Electronics & Biology. It was developed in 1983 for monitoring fisheries. Now it is used over 300 Zoos & 80 government agencies in 20 countries. Yearly, 6 million recipients of prosthetic devices and breast implants are biochipped. Over 7 million animals have been biochipped Major biochip companies are A.V.I.D (American Veterinary Identification Devices), Trovan Identification Systems.

Biochip implant is a small (micro) computer chip, inserted under the skin, for identification purposes. Biochips system is radio frequency identification (RFID) system. RFID system uses low-frequency radio signals to communicate between the biochip and reader.

Its a new type of bio-security device to accurately track information . No need of remembering pesky PINs, Passwords & social security numbers. No need to carry the medical records to hospital & cash/credit cards. Biochips have the capability of locating lost children, wounded soldiers

Transponder in biochips is of passive type, contains no battery of its own. Advantage of passive transponder is, it has very long life up to 99 years and no maintenance. Transponder consists of four parts i) Computer micro chip ii) Antenna Coil iii) Tuning capacitor iv) Glass Capsule

Microchip :
It stores identification numbers from 10 to 15 digits long The ID number is etched via laser on to the microchip

Antenna coil: Its a simple coil of copper wire around a iron core which receives and sends the signal from reader
Tuning capacitor: It stores the small electric charge sent by reader or scanner and activates the transponder. Glass capsule: It houses the entire transponder ;usually of the size of a uncooked grain of rice measuring about 11 mm in length and 2 mm in diameter. It is made of soda lime glass.

It consists of an exciter coil which creates an EM field via radio signals. It provides necessary energy (< 1/1000 of a watt) to excite the implanted biochip Reader also carries a receiving coil that receives transmitted code from the implanted biochip This is all takes places very fast (milliseconds) Reader contains the software to decode the received code and result in an LCD.

Implanted Biochip

Reader

Amplifier

A-D converter

LCD

With a biochip tracing of person/animal, anywhere in the world is possible. A biochip can store and update financial, medical, demographic data, basically everything about a person A biochip leads to a secured E-Commerce systems Biochips really are potent in replacing passports, cash, medical record

Biochip as Glucose Detector Proposed principle of Glucose detection Biochip as oxygen sensor Biochip as an Blood Pressure sensor

 A chip

implant would contain a persons financial world, medical history, health care it would contain his electronic life. "It is very dangerous because once kidnappers get to know about these chips, they will kill people to find them.

The Biochip must retain data only if it is placed in a fluid medium like blood & not in any other medium. Generic model of biochips consists of only ROM component because passport number, Bank card number normally permanent in nature. This technique is suitable for identification of dead bodies (murdered by the kidnappers) as it loses the data about the social security number But the induction of RAM component in addition to ROM is a mere solution.

A chip implanted somewhere in human bodies might serve as a combination of credit card, passport, driver's license, personal diary. A chip inserted into human bodies might also give us extra mental power.