MACHINES??

What is a Machine??
Any device that reduces human

efforts & time in doing a particular work can be termed as a machine.

Electrical Machines??
When we talk about electrical machines we are

restricting ourselves to:1) AC Machine, (Transformers, Induction machine, Synchronous Machine etc.)
2) DC Machine, (DC Generators , DC Motors.)

DC MACHINE
Motor: The device which converts electrical energy into

mechanical energy is called a motor.

 Generator: The device which converts mechanical energy into electrical is called a generator.

Basic Principal of Generators

Faradays law of electromagnetic induction states that

when a conductor or a coil is rotated in a magnetic field an emf is induced, and if the coil form a closed loop, currents starts to flow in it. Generator always works on Flemings right hand rule.

Basic Principal of Motors

If a conductor carrying current is placed in a magnetic

field force is act on the conductor.

Motors works on flemings

left hand rule.

Construction of Dc machine

Stator is the static part of machine

Rotor is the rotating part of machine

Constructional features

A dc machine works as a DC generator when it is driven by a prime mover. The same machine works as a DC motor when electrical energy is supplied to it.

Main parts of DC Machine

Static parts of dc machine

Frame or yoke : yoke made of cast steel.

Outer framed machine protection Provide the flux path.

Pole :

Pole is made of laminated steel sheet Pole houses the field winding. It is cupper wire winding It is responsible for set up of a field in which armature rotate. Face of the pole. Concave shape Distribute the main flux

Field winding :

Pole shoe :

 INTERPOLE :To neutralize the effect of armature reaction in the space in between two main poles, smaller poles, called interpoles .

Rotating parts
The rotating part of the DC machine is also known as armature. Shaft :The Shaft houses the cylindrical armature. Prime mover is case of generator & load in case of motor is connect with the shaft. Commutator& brushes: 1) Convert A.C. of armatures in to DC output in generator . 2) In motor it convert DC supply into AC.

 Commutator which rotates with the armature is made from a number of wedge-shaped hard drawn copper bars or segments insulated from each other and from the shaft.
Current is collected from the armature winding by means of two or more carbon brushes, mounted on the Commutator.

Complete View of Machine

 Armature core made of laminated steel to reduce the

eddy current losses in core. Slots are stamped on the periphery of the armature. The armature slots house the armature winding. Armature conductors in the slots are secured in their places by hard wooden wedges or fiber glass wedges.

THANKS!!!