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VOLLEYBALL

HISTORY

Volleyball was invented in 1895 by William J.


Morgan, who was physical education director of the YMCA in Holyoke, Massachusetts. He developed the game to provide an indoor game for

the winter months in which relatively large groups


of men could participate in a small gym. The principal features of tennis were employed, but the net was raised and the players struck the

bladder of a basketball with their hands in stead


of racquets.

THE COURT

The game is played on a volleyball court 18 meters (59 feet) long and 9 meters (29.5 feet) wide, divided into two 9 m 9 m halves by a one-meter (40-inch) wide net placed so that the top of the net is 2.43 meters (7 feet 11 5/8 inches) above the center of the court for men's competition, and 2.24 meters (7 feet 4 1/8 inches) for women's competition (these heights are varied for veterans and junior competitions).

Rotation of players on the court There is a line 3 meters from and parallel to the net in each team court which is considered the "attack line". This "3 meter" (or 10 foot) line divides the court into "back row" and "front row" areas (also back court and front court). These are in turn divided into 3 areas each: these are numbered as follows, starting from area "1", which is the position of the serving player. After a team gains the serve (also known as siding out), its members must rotate in a clockwise direction, with the player previously in area "2" moving to area "1" and so on, with the player from area "1" moving to area "6".

Equipment
FIVB regulations state that the ball must be spherical, made of leather or synthetic leather, have a

circumference of 6567 cm, a weight of 260280 g and


an inside pressure of 0.300.325 kg/cm2. Other governing bodies have similar regulations.

The ball must be clearly hit in volleyball; it may not come to rest momentarily in the hands or on the

arms. A player may not hit the ball twice in succession.

SCORING

The failure of the receiving

team to return the ball legally over


the net into the opponents court scores one point for the serving team. A game is won when a team scores a 2-point lead with 15 or more points. The score for a forfeited game is 15-0. A match is won by the team that first scores two of three games

SKILLS
.
The most fundamental skill to be learned is the ability to pass the ball to a teammate, which is required on almost all plays. A forearm pass should be used to receive

serves, low balls, and spikes. The forearm


pass is used to recover the opponents attack called a dig.

skills
A set is a high pass that is generally the second play by a team to relay the ball for the spiker.

A spike is a ball hit forcibly from a height above the net. A kill is a spike that is impossible to return.

Blocking is a defensive play that attempts to stop the returning of the ball over the net.

skills
Dig Digging is the ability to prevent the ball
from touching one's court after a spike or attack, particularly a ball that is nearly touching the ground. In many aspects, this skill is similar to

passing, or bumping: overhand dig and bump are


also
Woman going for a dig.

used

to

distinguish

between

defensive

actions taken with fingertips or with joined arms.

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