Lecture 2

Organisational Behaviour

Individual Differences 1

The Self

Defining the Fundamental State

(Quinn, 2005: 75-76).

1.

2.

3.

4.

Move from comfort-centred to resultscentred Move from being externally-directed to internally directed Become less self-focussed and more focussed on others Become more open to outside stimuli

Positive Psychological Capital

Luthans, Luthans & Luthans (2004)

An OB Model for Studying Individual Differences

Self-Awareness
Self-Concept - a persons self-perception as a physical, social, spiritual being. Self-Esteem - ones overall self-evaluation. Self-Efficacy - a persons belief about his chances of successfully accomplishing a specific task Learned Helplessness - debilitating lack of faith in ones ability to control the situation Self-Monitoring - extent to which a person observes their own self-expressive behavior and adapts it to the demands of the situation Resilience the ability to bounce back after adversity among others Cognitions - a persons knowledge, opinions, or beliefs

Six Pillars of Self-Esteem

1.

N at h a n i e l B r a n d e n

2.
3. 4.

5.
6.

Living consciously Self-acceptance Self-responsibility Self-assertiveness Living purposefully Integrity

Important: Self-esteem has to do with what I think of me, not what anyone else thinks of me.

Self-Efficacy Beliefs Pave the Way for Success or Failure

Leadership & Self-Efficacy

Hannah, Avolio, Luthans and Harms (2008)

Leadership & Self-Efficacy

Hannah, Avolio, Luthans and Harms (2008)

Self-Monitoring

Self-monitoring

extent to which a person observes their own selfexpressive behavior and adapts it to the demands of the situation

Positive relationship between high selfmonitoring and career success

Locus of Control

Internal locus of control

attributing

outcomes to ones own actions

External locus of control

attributing

outcomes to circumstances beyond ones control

Personality

Personality - stable and mental characteristics responsible for a persons identity

The Big Five Personality Dimensions
Extraversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness Emotional stability Openness to experience

7 Habits Of Highly Effective People

Dr Stephen Covey, 1990

be proactive 2. begin with the end in mind 3. put first things first 4. think win-win 5. seek first to understand and then to be understood 6. synergize (creative cooperation) 7. sharpen the saw Stephen Covey introduced an the eighth habit, which deals with personal fulfilment and helping others to achieve fulfilment too.
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